1、北京市部分区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末英语解析版试题分类汇编阅读理解专题北京市海淀区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一节（共 10 小题；每题 2 分，共 20 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。ACredit Card Management Apps to Stay on Top of PaymentsAmericans collectively hold about $4 trillion in consumer credit card debt, so a money management a
2、pp might be worth consideration. Here are two top choices that will help manage the credit life.For Budgeting: MintIf youre seeking an app for both a broad view and a detailed look at your credit cards and overall finances as well as warnings to ensure on-time payments, Mint is perhaps the most popu
3、lar app in this category. You can create a budget, track card spending in customizable (可定制的) categories, get credit card bill warnings, and more.Reserve a couple of hours to get started because setting it up takes time. And if youre completely new to financial apps tracking and categorizing every t
4、ransaction (交易) you might make could take some getting used to.Download Mint from the App Store or Google Play for free.For Tracking Credit Card Rewards: AwardWalletYou can see all of your credit card rewardsincluding credit card points such as Citi ThankYou Points, American Express Membership Rewar
5、ds and Chase Ultimate Rewardsin one place. The app also lets you know when your awards will expire (过期) so you can use them before you lose them.Arghandewal, who travels all over the world by using points and miles, says the AwardWallet app helps her keep track of everything. “You can link all of yo
6、ur frequent flyer, hotel and even bank rewards accounts and get notices when your rewards balance changes,” she says.AwardWallet requires access to your email account, which could make some folks uncomfortable. And some loyalty programs arent part of the platform.Download AwardWallet from the App St
7、ore for free.21. The users of Mint can _.A. reduce daily transactionsB. get detailed financial adviceC. receive warnings of on-time paymentD. track their card spending and rewards22. Arghandewal is quoted in AwardWallet to _.A. show why the app is popularB. explain how to win rewardsC. instruct peop
8、le to download the appD. persuade people to use the app23. Both Mint and AwardWallet _.A. help users manage their credit cardsB. need access to users email accountsC. inform users of the expired awardsD. take time for users to get used to themBSylvester Stallone has one of the most inspiring success
9、 stories. Before he made it big, he was essentially a starving artist. For many years after his college years, he worked odd jobs to pay the bill while simultaneously taking on any acting role he could find to keep his dreams of becoming a successful actor alive.Most people dont know this about Sylv
10、ester Stallone, but he had a dream as a young man to become a big movie star in Hollywood. He longed to become a great director, producer, and writer. Everyone told him it could not be done, but he wasnt one to take no for an answer. And after finding little luck in the New Yorks films scene, he dec
11、ided to try his chances in Los Angeles.It was a struggle that Sylvester would endure for many years, seven in fact. Throughout all of those seven challenging years, Sylvester would gain a few small roles in a handful of movies, but nothing grand enough to get his career launched. During those seven
12、long years of striving, he came face-to-face with near poverty. Getting so desperate for money, he at one point had to sell his wifes jewelry. And he even had to sell his dog because he couldnt keep him fed. And to top it all off, there came a point where Sylvester was homeless, and had to sleep out
13、side for a number of days.But his days of struggle as an aspiring actor would not last forever. After facing seemingly many hardships for over seven years, he would finally get his big break. And this break would come after he managed to get a script he wrote in a three-day flurry of inspiration in
14、front of two big-shot directors in Hollywood. It was this defining moment that would turn the tides for Sylvester Stallone, and his career would skyrocket after he negotiated the lead role in the film that would come to be known as “Rocky”.Since then, Sylvester Stallone, and his series of movies rev
15、olving around Rocky have been inspiring people all around the world. His success story is one that should be observed, retold, and shared, just as much as his movies are.24. How did Sylvester feel about becoming a film star when he was young?A. It would be impossible.B. It would take lots of luck.C
16、It would involve struggles.D. It would come true for sure.25. What event marked a turning point in Stallones career?A. He negotiated the lead role in the film “Rocky”.B. He went to Los Angeles for more opportunities.C. He became homeless and slept outside for many days.D. He succeeded in showing his
17、 script to two great directors.26. Sylvesters life story is written to _.A. remember the famous actorB. describe how he succeededC. motivate others to pursue dreamsD. explain the popularity of his movieCIt was widely believed that, in order to get the first languages off the ground, our ancestors fi
18、rst needed a way to create novel signals that could be understood by others, relying on visual signs whose form was directly similar to the intended meaning. Some gestures can be understood almost anywhere: pointing to direct someones attention, for instance.However, an international research team,
19、led by experts from the University of Birmingham and the Leibniz-Centre General Linguistics (ZAS), Berlin, have discovered that certain vocalizations (发声法) can also be iconic and recognizable to people around the worldeven when a speaker is not simply imitating a well-known sound. These findings, pu
20、blished in Scientific Reports, may help explain the rise of modern spoken language.In 2015, language researchers challenged some English speakers to make up sounds representing various basic concepts (“sleep”, “child”, “meat”, “rock”, and more). When other English speakers listened to these sounds a
21、nd tried matching them to concepts, they were largely successful. But “we wanted to be able to show that these vocalizations are understandable across cultures,” says study co- author and University of Birmingham cognitive scientist Marcus Perlman.So Perlman and his colleagues conducted online and i
22、n-person experiments in seven countries, from Morocco to Brazil. They recruited more than 900 participants, who spoke a total of 28 languages, to listen to the best-understood vocalizations from the 2015 investigation and select matching concepts from a set of words or images. Vocalizations that cal
23、led forth well-known soundsfor example, dripping waterperformed best. But many others were also understood at rates significantly above chance across all languages tested, the team found. “There is a notable degree of success outside of just onomatopoeia (象声词),” Perlman says.This is likely because c
24、ertain patterns related to sound are universal, the team suggests. For example, short and basic sounds often convey the concept of “one” and repeated sounds are typically associated with “many”. Likewise, low-pitched sounds accompany something big, and high-pitched sounds convey small size. These fi
25、ndings of “iconic” sounds could help scientists understand how human ancestors started using rich acoustic (传音的) communication, says co-author Aleksandra wiek, a linguist at the Leibniz-Center General Linguistics in Berlin. The human voice, she says, might “afford enough iconicity to get language of
26、f the ground.”University of Tbingen linguist Matthias Urban, who was not involved in the research, agrees. “Its unclear how words came into being in the first place,” he says. Iconic vocalizations are “potentially one pathway that could have been involved.”27. What does the underlined word “iconic”
27、in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Symbolic.B. Comic.C. Magic.D. Classic.28. The finding of Perlmans research may _.A. well explain the rise of English cultureB. throw light on the origin of spoken languageC. demonstrate that onomatopoeia may be popularD. show how our ancestors imitate unknown sounds29
28、. What can we learn from the experiments in this passage?A. The English language is universally understood.B. Sound patterns may be related to their meanings.C Sign language appeared earlier than spoken language.D. Words were evolved from vocalizations in ancient times.30. Which might be the best ti
29、tle for the passage?A. From Hand to Mouth: The Origins of LanguageB. Iconic Vocalizations are Created for CommunicationC. Made-up Sounds Convey Meanings across CulturesD. How Language Began: Gesture and Speech in Evolution北京市丰台区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末英语试题第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出
30、最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAt Beaver Creek, The Extraordinary Awaits YouBeaver Creek is a great place to experience the beauty of the snow, with programs for everyonefrom children, teens, and women-only lessons to small groups and private-guided experiences.First Track, from Beaver Creek Reserve, lets you be
31、 the first on the mountain, with an adventure that begins at 7:30 a.m. when you are met by ski professionals and taken on a private, guided tour before the mountain is open to the public. Once you have skied, you are treated to a delicious breakfast at Allies Cabin.If you are looking for a higher le
32、vel of comfort there is the White Carpet Club, from Beaver Creek Reserve. Located in the heart of Beaver Creek Village, it maximizes (最大化) your time on the mountain. At the club, there are private lockers and boot dryers, along with preferred self-parking and a slope-side ski waiter. A receptionist
33、can help with lift tickets, pass purchases, dinner reservations (预定), and activity recommendations.Of course, there is more to explore during the winter in Beaver Creek as well. There is ice skating, snowshoeing, shopping, and spas you name it, Beaver Creek has it. It is the perfect place to take ad
34、vantage of the snow and be in the moment, in the mountains, together.21. First Track can offer visitors _.A. a tasty lunchB. an ice skating showC. an early visitD. a free skiing lesson22. What is the White Carpet Club special for?A. Trainers.B. Service.C. Guided tours.D. Mountain views.23. The passa
35、ge is written to _.A. attract visitorsB. introduce training coursesC. share experienceD. compare different programsBA teenager has realized her dream of becoming a model just three years after a car accident left her with a broken back.Marita Davies, was in a wheelchair for a year and had to learn t
36、o walk after she suffered terrible injures. She feared her dream of a modeling career was over but just three years on, she is now in the running to be crowned (加冕) Miss Great Britain. She said, “I was shocked when I learned how serious my injuries were. I thought my dream of becoming a model was ov
37、er. My leg was seriously injured and my back was broken. The accident had broken my confidence.”But when she finally came out of the wheelchair and she turned a corner. Marita decided she would still try to follow her dream, and sent her photos off to some modeling agencies. She did a few unpaid job
38、s while studying at college, and soon, paid commercial modeling jobs started coming in. Marita was a bit doubtful at first, because the accident has left her with huge scars on her leg and back. She was worried people wouldnt want her to model for them, but it didnt stop her.She has done amazingly w
39、ell to overcome everything, which has been thrown at her in the last three years. Within months of learning to walk again, Marita was signed up for advertising campaigns. She has also appeared in a TV ad. Marita was crowned Miss Nottingham City earlier this year, and is now competing against 59 othe
40、r girls to be crowned Miss Great Britain.24. What happened to Marita three years ago?A. She went to college.B. She decided to be a model.C. She was crowned Miss Great Britain.D. She was seriously injured in a car accident.25. What does the underlined phrase “turned a corner” in Paragraph 3 probably
41、mean?A. Let herself down .B. Became successful.C. Passed through a hard time.D. Got into a difficult situation.26. How did Marita feel when paid commercial modeling jobs started coming in?A Relaxed.B. Unconfident.C. Surprised.D. Satisfied.27. What can we learn from Maritas story?A. Practice makes pe
42、rfect.B. Failure is the mother of success.C Life is as beautiful as summer flowers.D. Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.CThink fast! Translate this conversation into formal English: “Wass?” “N2M, U?” If you figured it out right away, you are probably among the 60% of kids online who use inst
43、ant messaging. Instant messages are typed so fast that users dont slow down to spell out words. As a result, new word abbreviations (缩写) and instant massaging slang are being invented faster than a high-speed Internet connection.Nearly half of all online teens believe that the Internet has made thei
44、r friendships better. Its a quick, easy way to keep in touch. Steven Mintz, 13, prefers instant messaging to the phone “because I can talk to more people at once.” Chatting online is also a good way to keep up with friends who live far away. Kids dont have to worry about running up the telephone bil
45、l.Instant messaging is not always a friendship builder. Sometimes, kids use it to air angry or hurt feelings. Such kids arent necessarily trying to be mean. Often, its just easier to say something online than in person. Oliver Davies, 11, California, says that with instant messaging, “I can express
46、my emotions more easily, without having the guilt of saying it face-to-face.”Many parents and teachers think kids instant messaging habits are taking away from more important things. Some parents say that when their kids are waiting for a beep (哔哔声), its hard for them to stay focused on homework. Te
47、achers get upset when Internet slang, such as “u” and “r”, show up in kids writing.Kids safety is also a concern. Staying connected is fine but an online friendship with a stranger is not. Many parents monitor (监视) instant messages, either by limiting time online or by keeping the computer in a comm
48、on area.Researchers who study kids and the Internet say instant messaging isnt getting in the way of real life. They note that new technology often causes old, exaggerated (夸张的) fears. “Its similar to what was said in the 1980s about video games and in the 1960s about television,” says Nalini Kotamraju, an expert on how kids use technology to communicate.“Language has always changed, and it always will,” Naomi Baron, a professor of linguistics said. “It must change as the things we do and things we encounter change.”28. What can we learn about in
