1、北京市部分学校2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题分类汇编阅读表达北京市平谷中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第一节 阅读表达（共 4 小题；第 40、41 小题各 2 分，第 42 小题 3 分，第 43 小题 5 分，共12 分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Face itIn much of the western world, governments now require people to wear masks when they are in crowded public spaces. That is good news, for mas
2、ks could both save lives and allow people to get back to work. And to help economies restart safely, government should require people to wear face coverings in crowded public spaces.People think of masks as something protecting them from dirty things in the air. But in the case of COVID-19, their mo
3、re important job is to protect others from an infected wearer. That is because of one of the unusual characteristics of this disease: it seems likely that infection by people who have not, or not yet, developed symptoms(症状) makes up about a third to a half of the cases. So even if everybody with sym
4、ptoms stays at home, the virus will still spread. Masks block the respiratory droplets(呼吸道飞沫) that carry the virus, so make risky situations safer.There are signs that masking is useful. Even home-made face coverings can block droplets.Experiments show that a piece of cloth over the mouth and face c
5、an block 60% of dropletsnot as good as a medical mask, but much better than nothing.East Asian countries success in controlling the disease argues in favour of masks. Wearing masks to protect against pollution or disease is common there, so people covered their faces as soon as they were informed of
6、 COVID-19. In the West, mask-wearing is alien. And in all of the countries where mask-wearing is common practice, the epidemic (流行病) was quickly controlled. This is not unquestionable evidence in favour of masks. Other factors distinguish those mask-wearing countries from bare-faced Western nations:
7、 some, such as China and South Korea, have strict track-and-trace systems and carry out mass coronavirus testing.Yet the combination of this natural global experiment, laboratory studies and asymptomatic transmission(无症状传播) suggests that masks can help keep people safe. Lockdown destroys economies.
8、Social distancing damages them. Masks cost next to nothing. They will not by themselves stop an epidemic. Hand-washing, track-and-trace systems and widespread testing are all crucial, too. But masks can do their bit to protect people and rebuild economies.40. What is the key job of masks in COVID-19
9、 epidemic according to the writer?41. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in your own words.42. Please underline the inappropriate part in the following statement and explain why.Wearing masks is important and is considered the determining factor in the fight against the epidemic.43. Please br
10、iefly present what can be done to fight against COVID-19. (about 40 words)北京市中国人民大学附属中学朝阳学校2020-2021学年高二下学期期中英语试题第一节阅读表达(共4小题;第1、2小题各2分,第3小题3分,第4小题5分,共12分)The last thing I wanted to hear when my government-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn during my final year of college was: Things are working ou
11、t for your own good. Just give them some time. Those words just stirred a lot of anger in me.Then I read the story of the Chinese bamboo farmer, which gave me a different view on life. The seed of the Chinese bamboo is planted in the ground like every seed. It is watered, and fed with nutrients dail
12、y, but it shows no immediate physical response and doesnt appear to grow. The farmer continues to water and feed the seed in year one, year two, and year three. No growth is seen until the fourth year, when the seed finally breaks through the ground. Then, in the space of just five weeks, it grows n
13、inety feet tall. The Chinese bamboo grows to its full capacity within 5 years.Despite not seeing an immediate result, the farmer had trust in what he was doing. He continued to water and feed the plant for four years, because he believed that if he played his own role and did all that a farmer was s
14、upposed to do, then he would be given his reward at the right time. That trust and patience is what kept the farmer persistently feeding his seed for four years before enjoying the reward in the end.Life is not always straightforward. Most often, its not a matter of 5+5 =10 (Sum 1).Life can be more
15、like 2+1+2+0+0+0+1+2+0+0+1 + 1=10 (Sum 2).Both sums lead to the same result, but through quite different paths and processes. To be mature is to accept that things might look rough right now but the story can still have a great ending.We might live in a microwave generation where everything seems to
16、 happen instantly; but many things still obey the laws of nature. Just doing what you are supposed to be doing, having patience like the Chinese bamboo farmer, and trusting that things will work out for you can help you get through the toughest times.40. What happened to the author in the final year
17、 of college?41. How does the Chinese bamboo grow in the fourth year?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.To overcome difficulties, we need to trust that things will work out and simply wait patiently for the great ending to come.43. Whic
18、h is your life more like, Sum 1 or Sum 2? Explain why. (about 40 words)北京四中2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第二节 阅读表达 (共4小题:第1、2题各2分,第3题3分,第4题5分,共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds. One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Princip
19、le, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle. For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremb
20、le wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unplea
21、santness or annoyance as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared. When a reader selects delayed
22、reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two cl
23、asses are not stable. For example, a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next week. A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting,
24、not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a party. In any given story of accident or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness. Therefore, while the divis
25、ion of categories holds in general, an individuals tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.50. What is the difference between immediate reward and delayed reward?51. Please list two examples of news with threat val
26、ue.52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.While the division of categories holds in general, for each individual, the boundaries of immediate reward and delayed reward are firmly fixed.北京市第四十三中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第二节：阅读表达（共 4 小题；每小题 2
27、 分，共 8 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MCDONALDS, one of the worlds largest restaurant chains, recently made a big decision. On March 9, the company announced that its chicken suppliers in the US would stop using human antibiotics within two years.Antibiotics are medicines that attack har
28、mful bacteria*1 to help cure illnesses. Many cattle, pig and chicken producers give their livestock*2 antibiotics to help them stay healthy. Feeding antibiotics to animals is legal in the US. But the producers feed their livestock not only animal antibiotics, but also those used by humans. Experts s
29、ay it can lead to public health problems. Overuse of these human antibiotics could cause germs*3 to become resistant*4 to drugs. When the drugs are used to treat humans, they may no longer be effective.Many US fast food restaurants already say they serve chicken which are raised without antibiotics,
30、 but the decision by McDonalds is important because of its size. The company has over 30,000 stores around the world, including 14,000 in the US.In recent years, customers have started to care more about food ingredients*5. If they feel certain foods are made with ingredients that are of low quality
31、 or dont meet certain levels of quality, theyll choose other higher quality foods.After seeing customer visits to US stores drop two years in a row, McDonalds says more changes to their food could be on the way.However, McDonalds wont be applying the new antibiotics policy to its Chinese stores soon
32、.The company said its not a double standard but they have to take Chinese food safety standards into consideration.“The measures will be carried out gradually, based on the actual situation of Chinese agriculture,” McDonalds China said in a statement.*1. bacteria: the smallest forms of life that are
33、 often a cause of disease*2. livestock: the animals kept on a farm*3. germ: a form of bacteria that spreads disease among people or animals*4. resistant: not affected by something*5. ingredient: one of the things from which something is made46. According to McDonalds, what will its chicken suppliers
34、 in America do within two years? (no more than 4 words)47. Why do many chicken producers feed their livestock antibiotics? (no more than 5 words)48. What is the consequence of overuse of human antibiotics? (no more than 9 words)49. For what reason did McDonalds make changes to their food? (no more t
35、han 6 words)北京汇文中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中英语试题第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第45、46题各2分，第47题3分，第48题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, youll have no trouble answering thes
36、e questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A childs day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb（麻木的）to new stimulation, new ideas. Relear
37、ning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the R
38、ocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitte
39、d theyd felt cold water at first.Another block to awareness is the obsession（痴迷）many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a “ruby-crowned kinglet”and checked. it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and n
40、ever learned what it was doing.The pressures of “time” and “destination” are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see whats aroun
41、d them. I asked them what theyd seen. “Oh, a few birds,” they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will o
42、pen a new dimension to your life.45. What does it take to regain the art of seeing the world?46. Why did the students unwillingly walk ahead in the mountain hiking?47. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.Many hikers would get to the destina
43、tion before dark, because it is easy to observe birds at day time.48. Please share your experience of feeling nature. (About 50 words)答案：北京市平谷中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题【答案】40. To protect others from an infected wearer. 41. In the West, mask-wearing is rare. 42. Wearing masks is important and is cons
44、idered the determining factor in the fight against the epidemic. Because masks will not by themselves stop an epidemic，protect others from an infected wearer. 43. Wear masks and keep a safe distance with others when we are in crowded public spaces. Wash hands especially when we come home from outsid
45、e.Carry out track-and-trace systems and widespread testing are crucial, too.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在新冠疫情背景下，戴口罩能有效的起到防护作用，各国对于佩戴口罩的不同做法，以及其他有效防止新冠疫情传播的方式。【40题详解】考查细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“But in the case of COVID-19, their more important job is to protect others from an infected wearer.”（但就COVID-19而言，他们更重要的工作
46、是保护其他人免受感染。）可知，新冠疫情期间，口罩的主要作用是保护其他人免受感染。故答案为To protect others from an infected wearer.【41题详解】考查细节理解题。根据第五段的前两句“East Asian countries success in controlling the disease argues in favour of masks. Wearing masks to protect against pollution or disease is common there, so people covered their faces as so
47、on as they were informed of COVID-19.”（东亚国家在控制疾病方面的成功证明了戴口罩是有利的。在当地，人们经常戴口罩，以防止污染和疾病，所以当他们被告知新冠肺炎时，他们就会把脸遮起来。）结合划线句子“In the West, mask-wearing is alien（在西方，戴面具是异类）”可知，此处把东西方戴口罩的现象进行对比，旨在说明在西方国家，佩戴口罩是很罕见的。故答案为In the West, mask-wearing is rare.【42题详解】考查细节理解题。根据第二段的“But in the case of COVID-19, their m
48、ore important job is to protect others from an infected wearer.”（但就COVID-19而言，他们更重要的工作是保护其他人免受感染。）和最后一段的“Masks cost next to nothing. They will not by themselves stop an epidemic. But masks can do their bit to protect people and rebuild economies.”（口罩几乎不花什么钱。它们本身无法阻止一场流行病。但口罩可以起到保护人民和重建经济的作用。）可知，口罩本身
49、并不能抗击疫情，它的作用是保护其他人免受感染。故答案为Wearing masks is important and is considered the determining factor in the fight against the epidemic.Because masks will not by themselves stop an epidemic，protect others from an infected wearer.【43题详解】考查细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Masks block the respiratory droplets that carry the virus, so make risky situations safer.”（口罩可以阻止携带病毒的飞沫，因
