1、Unit 1 The mass mediaGrammar and usagePast perfect tense We often use the past perfect tense to talk about something that happened before a past action or state. The verb form of the past perfect tense is “had done”. nowpastpast perfect 1. Tim looked around at the surroundings and felt that he had b
2、een there before. 2. He had learned some English before he came to the institute. Other usage of past perfect tenseThe past perfect tense indicates an action happened in the past, and lasted until another particular time in the past. It is often used with the adverbialsexpressing time, like by, unti
3、l, before, by the end of, when .He had learned English for 9 years when he graduated from high school.We use the past perfect tense when we say what we wanted or hoped to do, but didnt. Verbs like this include hope, expect, mean, intend, want, suppose, plan, think . I had wanted to help you, but I w
4、as busy then.In sentence patterns “hardly/scarcely/barely . when .” or “no sooner . than .”, the past perfect tense is used in the main clause, and the simple past tense is used in the clause. Hardly had I seen her when I fell in love with her.In the sentence pattern “It/That/This was the first/seco
5、nd . time that .”, the past perfect tense is used in the clause. This was the first time that I had come to Beijing. In the sentence pattern “It was/had been +一段时间 + since .”, the past perfect tense is used in the clause. It was ten years since we had met each other.In the adverbial clause introduce
6、d by “before”, we can use the simple past tense instead of the past perfect tense in the main clause. John (had) left before I came home.In the adverbial clause introduced by “after”, we can use the simple past tense instead of the past perfect tense in the clause. He began to write a review after h
7、e (had) watched the film twice.In some of the subjunctive mood referring to any hypothetical situation which would have no probability of happening in the past, we can use the past perfect tense in the clause. If I had studied harder, I would have entered a better university.Lets do some exercises!1
8、. By the time I got home, my son _ (finish) his homework and was watching TV.2. Before I went on the trip, I _ (study) the map carefully and marked the places on it.3. Mike _ (want) to come to the lecture, but he changed his mind at the last minute.4. When I got out into the street, I realized I _ (
9、leave) my key at home.5. Hardly _ (have) I got home when the rain poured down.6. It was the third time that she _ (make) the same mistake.Exercise one: Fill the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.had finishedhad studiedhad wantedhad lefthad had made 1. You went to Johns house
10、, but he wasnt at home.(he/go/out) 2. You went back to your hometown after several years.It became different. (it/change/a lot)3. Sam got to the party at 11 and Paul left the party at 10. They didnt meet each other. (Paul/leave)4. I was about to leave for the park when I received a call from my mom
11、asking me to visit my aunt. (I/want/go/the park)Exercise two: Read the situations and write sentences from the words in brackets.He had gone out.It had changed a lot.Paul had left.I had wanted to go to the park.1. Like many military medals, the one Zaxs mother had found was a family treasure. (2019浙
12、江，阅读理解A) 2. I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. (2017课标全国I，阅读理解B)Exercise three: Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.我接到一位来自马
13、腾镇的女士的求救电话。她在地上发现了一只小猫头鹰。当我赶到时，我见到了这只两到三周大的小猫头鹰。考虑到它的安危，我们已经把它放到一个盒子里。像很多军功章那样，扎克斯的母亲找到的那块是家里的宝贝。3. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. (2020天津，阅读理解D) 4. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. (2017浙江，阅读理解A) 5. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. (2017浙江，阅读理解A) 但是一旦我们遇见并喜欢上他们，我们就会想：如果错过了当时的机会，那会是多么糟糕啊！他对本杰明对他的礼物做的事情感到大为吃惊。这是本杰明第一次见到画，见到真实的颜料和画笔。
