1、Unit 1 The mass media高中英语高中英语 选择性必修（第二册）选择性必修（第二册）U1 GrammarExploring the rulesExploring the rulesHe moved to America and became an American citizen.He offered Columbia University money to start a school of journalism.The Columbia School of Journalism was established.Joseph Pulitzer was born.He beca
2、me a publisher.Pulitzer bought the New York World.Pulitzer died.The first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded.10 April, 18471878188318921917Pulitzer founded St Louis Post-Dispatch.The 1860s1872191119121. Read the life story on Page 6, and finish the timeline.2. Read the life story again, and find the sente
3、nces that use the past perfect tense and fill in the box below.Exploring the rulesExploring the rules by then he had learned very little English. by the age of 25, he had become a publisher.He used the same business strategy he had employed A A3. Read the life story again, and finish “Working out th
4、e rules” on Page 6. We often use the past perfect tense to talk about something that happened (1) _ (before/after) a past time. The verb form of the past perfect tense is “(2) _ (have/had) done”.Exploring the rulesExploring the rules1 1 过去完成时用来描述过去某一时间之前或动作之前发生或过去完成时用来描述过去某一时间之前或动作之前发生或完成的动作，如：完成的动作
5、，如： He had tried his best although he failed. He had tried his best although he failed. Jim said that he had learned some Chinese before. Jim said that he had learned some Chinese before.2 2 过去完成时有时用来表示没有实现的愿望，主要用于过去完成时有时用来表示没有实现的愿望，主要用于want, want, hope, intend hope, intend等词。如：等词。如： I had wanted to
6、 help you, but I was too busy then. I had wanted to help you, but I was too busy then. I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me. came to see me. 3 3 过去完成时可以用于过去完成时可以用于hardlywhenhardlywhen或或no soonerthanno soonerthan等结等结构
7、构, ,表示表示“一一就就”。如：。如：I had hardly entered the classroom when the bell I had hardly entered the classroom when the bell rang.rang.Hardly had the spokesman finished his talk when Hardly had the spokesman finished his talk when someone rose to ask him questions.someone rose to ask him questions.4 4 过去完成
8、时常有过去完成时常有by, whenby, when等引导的时间状语作为标志。如等引导的时间状语作为标志。如I I had finished reading the novel by the end of last had finished reading the novel by the end of last week. week. He had learnt English for ten years when hegraduated He had learnt English for ten years when hegraduated from high school. from h
9、igh school. 5 5 如果时间状语由如果时间状语由beforebefore引导，主句可用一般过去时代替过引导，主句可用一般过去时代替过去去完成时；如果时间状语由完成时；如果时间状语由afterafter引导，引导，afterafter引导的从句可用引导的从句可用一一般过去时代替过去完成时。如：般过去时代替过去完成时。如：John (had) left before I came home.John (had) left before I came home.He began to write a review after he (had) watched the He began t
10、o write a review after he (had) watched the film film twice.twice.过去完成时和现在完成时的区别：过去完成时和现在完成时的区别： 现在完成时以现在完成时以“现在现在”作为时间参照来谈论过去；作为时间参照来谈论过去；而过去完成时则以而过去完成时则以“过去过去”作为时间参照来谈论作为时间参照来谈论更远的过去。更远的过去。I have lived in Beijing for one year. I have lived in Beijing for one year. 我已经在北京住了一年了。（到现在为止）我已经在北京住了一年了。（到
11、现在为止） I had lived in Shanghai for three years I had lived in Shanghai for three years before I went to Beijing. before I went to Beijing. 在去北京之前我曾在上海住了三年。（动作发生在去北京之前我曾在上海住了三年。（动作发生在去北京之前）在去北京之前） 6 6 常用于以下固定句型：常用于以下固定句型：It / This / That was the first / second / . time + It / This / That was the first
12、 / second / . time + thatthat从句，从句中谓语动词常用过去完成时；从句，从句中谓语动词常用过去完成时；It was +It was +一段时间一段时间+ since+ since从句，从句中谓语动词常用过去完从句，从句中谓语动词常用过去完成时，如：成时，如：It was the third time that he had mentioned his It was the third time that he had mentioned his mother in his speech. mother in his speech. It was 3 months s
13、ince I had come back from abroad. It was 3 months since I had come back from abroad.1. Correct the mistake in each of the sentences in B1 on Page 7.Applying the rulesApplying the ruleshad started startedwas working had workedwas working had workedB1B1(1) Pulitzer knew that he had learned very little
14、 English, so he had started to work hard at the language._(2) Pulitzer was very hard-working. Quite often, when he arrived home at midnight, he was working for over 10 hours._1. Correct the mistake in each of the sentences in B1 on Page 7.Applying the rulesApplying the rulesFor By For By have worked
15、 had workedhave worked had workedB1B1(3) For the time he was 25, Pulitzer had become a journalist and publisher._(4) Many of the best reporters have worked for his paper before its failure in 1931._win build intend award allowwin build intend award allowBelow is a passage about the Pulitzer Prizes.
16、Below is a passage about the Pulitzer Prizes. Complete it with the correct forms of the verbs Complete it with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.in the box below.B2B2The Pulitzer Prizes are a set of 21 awards honoring The Pulitzer Prizes are a set of 21 awards honoring excellence in jo
17、urnalism and the arts. The prizes excellence in journalism and the arts. The prizes were established largely due to the efforts of were established largely due to the efforts of Joseph Pulitzer, who (1) _ his reputation Joseph Pulitzer, who (1) _ his reputation as a newspaper publisher. He left mone
18、y in his 1904 as a newspaper publisher. He left money in his 1904 will to fund the establishment of the prizes, will to fund the establishment of the prizes, stating that he wanted four awards in journalism, stating that he wanted four awards in journalism, four in letters and drama, one for educati
19、on, and four in letters and drama, one for education, and five traveling scholarships. five traveling scholarships. builtbuiltwin build intend award win build intend award allowallowSince the first prizes (2) _ in 1917, Since the first prizes (2) _ in 1917, there have been many winners and many peop
20、le have there have been many winners and many people have won more than once. Past winners include such famous won more than once. Past winners include such famous names as Eugene ONeill. When ONeill received the names as Eugene ONeill. When ONeill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it wa
21、s the fourth Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it was the fourth time he (3) _ one.time he (3) _ one.were awardedwere awardedhad wonhad wonThere have been a number of changes to the Pulitzer Prizes There have been a number of changes to the Pulitzer Prizes over time. Some of these resulted from advan
22、ces in over time. Some of these resulted from advances in technology. For example, online content from newspaper technology. For example, online content from newspaper websites (4) _ in all of the journalism websites (4) _ in all of the journalism categories since 2006. the Pulitzer Prizes have also
23、 categories since 2006. the Pulitzer Prizes have also expanded to include such categories as photography and expanded to include such categories as photography and music. Nevertheless, journalism is still what the Pulitzer music. Nevertheless, journalism is still what the Pulitzer Prizes are best kn
24、own for. Today, winning the Pulitzer Prizes are best known for. Today, winning the Pulitzer Prizes is considered by many to be the highest achievement Prizes is considered by many to be the highest achievement possible in journalism-just as Pulitzer (5) possible in journalism-just as Pulitzer (5) _.
25、_.has been allowedhas been allowedwin build intend award win build intend award allowallowhad intendedhad intended1. I had turned off my cell phone when you _ me 1. I had turned off my cell phone when you _ me last night.last night. a. call a. callb. were callb. were callc. calledc. called2. When I
26、arrived to the classroom, the teacher _ 2. When I arrived to the classroom, the teacher _ the lesson already.the lesson already. a. has already a. has alreadyb. have startedb. have startedc. had startedc. had startedc cChoose the best answer.Choose the best answer.c cPut the verbs into the correct f
27、orm. Put the verbs into the correct form. 1. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) 1. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) _._.2. He (not / be) _ to Cape Town before 1997.2. He (not / be) _ to Cape Town before 1997.3. When she went out to play, she (do / already) 3. When s
28、he went out to play, she (do / already) _ her homework._ her homework.4. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) 4. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) _._.5. The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) 5. The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) _ six weeks be
29、fore._ six weeks before.6. The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) 6. The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) _._.had builthad builthad not beenhad not beenhad already donehad already donehad madehad madehad put onhad put onhad not orderedhad not ordered用括号内单词的正确时态完成下面短文。用括号内单词的正确时态完
30、成下面短文。A cow and a fox went out to search for food together. They 1. A cow and a fox went out to search for food together. They 1. _ (go) only a few miles before they saw a lion coming _ (go) only a few miles before they saw a lion coming their way. They were both very frightened. The fox thought of
31、a their way. They were both very frightened. The fox thought of a way of saving his own life, and went up to the lion and said in way of saving his own life, and went up to the lion and said in his ear, “I 2. _ (help) you get hold of the cow without his ear, “I 2. _ (help) you get hold of the cow wi
32、thout the trouble of hunting him, if you let me go free.” The lion the trouble of hunting him, if you let me go free.” The lion agreed, and the fox then led the cow by a hidden pit (agreed, and the fox then led the cow by a hidden pit (坑坑), which ), which some hunter 3. _ (dig) as a trap for wild an
33、imals, and the some hunter 3. _ (dig) as a trap for wild animals, and the cow fell into it. When the lion saw that the cow 4. _ cow fell into it. When the lion saw that the cow 4. _ (catch) and couldnt get away, he turned his attention to the (catch) and couldnt get away, he turned his attention to
34、the fox. He soon finished him off, and then went on to eat the cow.fox. He soon finished him off, and then went on to eat the cow.Betray (Betray (背叛背叛) a friend, and youll often find you have destroyed ) a friend, and youll often find you have destroyed yourself.yourself.had been caughthad been caug
35、hthad gone had gone will help will help had dug had dug had gone had gone 单句语法填空单句语法填空 （1 1）By the end of last year, he By the end of last year, he （collectcollect）more than 10 foreign records. more than 10 foreign records. （2 2）I I （finishfinish）my homework before I had my homework before I had sup
36、per. supper. （3 3）John and Jane John and Jane （knowknow）each other for a long each other for a long time before they got married. time before they got married. （4 4）He said that great changes He said that great changes （taketake） place in place in his hometown since 1990. his hometown since 1990. （5
37、 5）It was six and he was tired because he It was six and he was tired because he （workwork）since the day broke. since the day broke. had collectedhad finished had known had taken had worked （6 6）When the police found him, the criminal When the police found him, the criminal （bebe） in the cave for ne
38、arly a month. in the cave for nearly a month. （7 7）They They （wantwant）to help but couldnt get there to help but couldnt get there in time. in time. （8 8）He He （hopehope）to catch the 8:00 bus, but he found to catch the 8:00 bus, but he found it gone. it gone. 完成句子完成句子（9 9）When he reached the nearby
39、shop, it When he reached the nearby shop, it （已经关门了）（已经关门了）. . （1010）I I （原本想做一个蛋糕）（原本想做一个蛋糕）, but , but I ran out of time. I ran out of time. had been had wanted had hoped had already been closedhad intended to make a cakeZou Taofen was a famous Chinese journalist and Zou Taofen was a famous Chines
40、e journalist and publisher. Read the timeline below and describe publisher. Read the timeline below and describe his life story using the past perfect tense.his life story using the past perfect tense.B3B318951895Born inBorn inFujianFujian19211921Becomes Becomes the the chief chief editor editor of
41、Life of Life WeeklyWeekly19311931Starts a new Starts a new journal journal called Life called Life of the of the MassesMasses19441944GraduateGraduates from s from universiuniversityty19261926Starts campaigning Starts campaigning against the against the Japanese invasionJapanese invasion19351935Dies
42、in Dies in ShanghaiShanghai19221922Becomes Becomes an an editoreditorZou Taofen was born in Fujian in 1895. After he had Zou Taofen was born in Fujian in 1895. After he had graduated from university in 1921, he became an graduated from university in 1921, he became an editor. Before he started a new journal Life of the editor. Before he started a new journal Life of the Masses in 1935, he had started campaigning against Masses in 1935, he had started campaigning against the Japanese invasion in 1931. He died in Shanghai in the Japanese invasion in 1931. He died in Shanghai in 1944.1944.
