1、普通高中教科书英语选择性必修第二册词汇表Unit 2Sports culture(共81个生词和短语)solidarity noun U团结;齐心协力;同心同德;相互支持 (with sb)community solidarity社群团结BCE(also B.C.E.)(abbr.)公元前(表示年份的方法与BC同)in (the year) 2000 BCE在公元前2000年participate verb 参加;参与 (in sth)participation noun U参加;参与 (in sth)compete verb I竞争;对抗 (with / against sb) (for s
2、th)I参加比赛(或竞赛) (in sth) (against sb)competition noun U竞争;角逐 (between / with sb) (for sth)C比赛;竞赛the competition竞争者;对手competitor noun (商业方面的)竞争者,对手参赛者;竞赛者competitive adj. 竞争的(与)一样好的;(比)更好的;有竞争力的 (with sb / sth)(人)努力竞争的;一心求胜的racial adj. 种族的;种族间的racial prejudice人种的;种族的a persons racial origin某人的种族背景race n
3、oun C赛跑;速度竞赛 (between A and B) (against sb)a boat / horse / road race划船比赛、赛马、公路赛sing.竞争;角逐 (for sth) (to do sth)the races pl.赛马会C, U人种;种族people of mixed race混合种族的人C民族C(动植物)种;属;类;族a race against time / the clock和时间赛跑;抢时间;争分夺秒verb I, T(和)比赛;参加比赛 (against sb / sth) sb / sth to do sthT使比赛;让参加速度比赛 sthI,
4、T(使)快速移动,快速运转+ adv. / prep. sb / sth + adv. / prep.I(因为害怕、兴奋等)急速跳动,快速转动I(发动机)运转过快;空转diverse adj. 不同的;相异的;多种多样的;形形色色的diversity noun U, C, usually sing.差异(性);不同(点)SYN varietyU多样性;多样化joint adj. 联合的;共同的noun 关节接头;接合处;接点一块烤肉公共场所(指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)大麻烟卷out of joint(骨头)脱臼;脱位混乱;无秩序;不正常put sbs nose out of joint(冷落
5、)使难堪;惹恼motivate verb 成为的动机;是的原因 sb推动甘愿苦干;激励;激发 sb sb to do sth(就所说的话)给出理由;说明的原因 sthmotivated adj. 有积极性的;充满热情的motivation noun C, U动机*motto noun (pl. -oes or -os) 座右铭;格言;箴言boundary noun 边界;界线;分界线demonstrate verb T证明;证实;论证;说明 that sth (to sb) how, what, etc. sb / sth to be sthT表达;表露;表现;显露 sthSYN displa
6、yT示范;演示 sth (to sb) (to sb) how, what, etc.I游行示威SYN protest (against sth) (in favour / support of sth)demonstration noun (also demo)C集会示威;游行示威 (against sb/sth)to hold / stage a demonstration(also demo)C, U示范;示范表演;演示C, U证明;证实;论证;说明C表达;表露;表现;显露demonstrator noun (集会或游行的)示威者示范者;演示者afterwards(NAmE usuall
7、y afterward) adv. 以后;后来proceed verb I继续做(或从事、进行) (with sth)I接着做;继而做 to do sthSYN go onI行进;前往+ adv. / prep.proceed against sb (律)起诉(某人)proceed from sth由引起;起因于;是的结果*flame noun C, U火焰;火舌U鲜红色;橘红色;橙红色C强烈的感情;激情verb I燃烧( + adj.)I, T(人脸)(因强烈情绪而)变红,使变红( + adj.) (sth)T向(某人)发送火药味电邮(或互联网信息) sthapplaud verb I, T
8、鼓掌 sbT称赞;赞许;赞赏 sth sb (for sth)applause noun U鼓掌;喝彩track and field noun U(NAmE)(= athletics) 田径运动consistent adj. 一致的;始终如一的连续的;持续的与一致的;相符的;符合的;不矛盾的 with sth(论点或一系列的观点)相互连贯的call on / upon sb to do sth邀请,要求(某人讲话等);恭请请求,要求,要(某人做某事)call on / upon sb拜访,去会(某人)humanity noun U(统称)人;人类crimes against humanity危
9、害人类罪U人性U人道;仁慈OPP inhumanity(the) humanities pl. 人文学科human adj. 人的the human body / brain人体;人脑显示人类特有弱点的;人本性的human weakness / failings人性的弱点 / 缺点有人情味的;通人情的noun(also human being)人rank noun U, C(较高的)地位,级别C, U军衔;军阶;警衔officers of junior / senior rank有低级 / 高级军阶的军官the ranks pl.普通士兵sing.等级;级别a painter of the f
10、irst rank一流的画家the ranks pl.(团体或组织的)成员C(警察、士兵等的)队列,行列verb T, I把分等级;属于某等级 sb / sth ( + adv. / prep.) sb / sth as sth (sb / sth) + adj. sb / sth + noun as sth( + adv. / prep.)T, usually passive排列;使排成行 sthadj. 难闻的;恶臭的only before noun(强调质量、状况等)极端的,糟糕的(植物)疯长的trend noun 趋势;趋向;倾向;动态;动向规范;风尚;时尚 (towards sth)
11、 (in sth)a downward / an upward trend in sales销售额下滑 / 上升的趋势trendy adj. 时髦的;赶时髦的noun (usually disapproving)时髦的;赶时髦的*hurdle noun (供人或马在赛跑中跨越的)栏架,跨栏to clear a hurdle跨过栏架hurdles pl.跨栏赛the 300m hurdles300米跨栏赛难关;障碍SYN obstacleverb T, I(奔跑中)跳越(某物) sth (over) sthI参加跨栏赛election noun U, C选举,推选(尤指从政)election c
12、ampaign / results竞选运动;选举结果U当选 (as sth) (to sth)elect verb 选举;推选 sb / sth sb to sth sb (as) sth sb + nounan elected assembly / leader / representative选出的议会 / 领导人 / 代表选择,决定(做某事) to do sthadj. (用于名词后)当选而尚未就职的,候任的*advent noun sing. the of sth / sb(重要事件、人物、发明等的)出现,到来faith noun U信任;相信;信心 (in sb / sth)U, s
13、ing.宗教信仰C(某一)宗教Ugood 诚意;善意break / keep faith with sb对某人不守信用 / 守信用;不忠诚 / 忠诚于某人in bad faith存心不良;背信弃义地in good faith真诚;诚心诚意pin (all) your hopes on sb / sthpin your faith on sb / sth完全依赖;寄希望于;指望ambition noun (to be / do sth) (of being / doing sth)C追求的目标;夙愿U野心;雄心;志向;抱负ambitious adj. 有野心的;有雄心的费力的;耗资的;耗时的*a
14、scend verb I, T上升;升高;登高 from sth to sth sthOPP descendidentical adj. 完全同样的;相同的 to sb / sth with sb / sththe identical only before noun同一的fellow noun 男人;男孩;家伙;哥们儿usually pl.同事;同辈;同类;配对物adj. 同类的;同事的;同伴的;同情况的fellow members / citizens / workers同一组织的成员;同胞;同事relay verb 转发(信息、消息等) sth (to sb)播放,转播(电视或广播讯号)
15、 sth (to sb)noun (also relay race)接力赛接班的人(或动物);轮换者中继设备chest noun 胸部;胸膛(木制的)大箱子get sth off your chest倾吐心里的烦恼;吐出心事;一吐为快cheek noun 面颊;脸颊half-marathon noun 半程马拉松赛跑marathon noun 马拉松赛跑马拉松式的活动(或工作)amateur noun 业余爱好者;业余运动员OPP professional生手;外行adj. usually before noun业余爱好的usually before noun业余的外行的;生手的;业余的OPP
16、 professionalankle noun 踝;踝关节gradually adv. 逐渐地;逐步地;渐进地gradual adj. 逐渐的;逐步的;渐进的OPP sudden(斜坡)平缓的;不陡的session noun C一场;一节;一段时间a photo / training session拍照、训练时段C, U(法庭的)开庭,开庭期;(议会等的)会议,会期C学年C(酒吧里的)演奏会limit noun 限度;限制 (to sth)极限;限量;限额 (on sth)(地区或地方的)境界,界限,范围verb 限制;限定 sth (to sth)SYN restrict限量;减量 your
17、self / sb (to sth)limited adj. 有限的受(的)限制chairman noun(pl. -men) (会议的)主席,主持人(委员会的)委员长,主席;(公司等的)董事长chairwoman noun(pl. -women)(会议、委员会或机构的)女主席,女主持人constitution noun C宪法;章程C身体素质;体质;体格U, C构成;构造SYN structureU组成;形成SYN establishment, setting uppour verb T 使(液体)连续流出;倾倒;倒出 sth (+ adv. / prep.)I(液体、烟、光等)涌流;倾泻;
18、喷发 + adv. / prep.T, I倒;斟(饮料) (sth) sth out sth for sb sb sthI, T(雨)倾盆而下;下大雨 (down)I不断涌向(或涌现) + adv. / prep.SYN floodpour / throw cold water on sth泼冷水;批评;责备pour out / open your heart to sb向某人敞开心扉;倾诉衷肠it never rains but it pours(NAmE when it rains, it pours)(saying)不雨则已,一雨倾盆;祸不单行pour sth into sth向投入大量
19、金钱;大量投资于pour sth out毫无保留地表达感情(或思想等);表露无遗;畅所欲言float / walk on air欢天喜地;得意扬扬keep sth in perspective正确客观地看待perspective noun C态度;观点;思考方法 (on sth)SYN viewpointU客观判断力;权衡轻重的能力U透视法C景观;远景celebrity noun (also informal celeb)名人;名流U名望;名誉SYN fameopponent noun 对手;竞争者a worthy opponent反对者;阻止者 (of sth)*humility noun
20、U 谦逊;谦虚*grace noun U优美;优雅U文雅;高雅graces pl. (especially BrE) 风度;体面U宽限期;延缓期U恩宠;恩典verb 为增色;为锦上添花;装饰 sth(usually ironic)使荣耀;使生辉;承蒙光临 sb / sth sb / sth with sthgraceful adj. 优美的;优雅的;雅致的(在困境中)得体的,有风度的dignity noun U 庄重;庄严;尊严尊贵;高贵;高尚自豪;自尊;自重*bobsleigh(NAmE bobsled, also bob) noun大雪橇(供两人或以上比赛用)unselfish adj.
21、无私的;忘我的;不谋私利的SYN selflessOPP selfishunselfishly adv.unselfishness noun Uidiom noun C习语;成语;惯用语find your / its way (to / into)偶然来到;无意中处于find fault (with sb / sth)找碴儿;挑错;抱怨;挑剔find your way (to)找到正确的路(去某处)find for / against sb no passive(律)作出对有利(或不利)的裁决;判胜诉(或败诉)find out (about sth / sb)find out sth (abo
22、ut sth / sb)查明,弄清(情况) what, when, etc. thatfind sb out查出(坏人);识破league noun (体育运动队的)联合会,联赛(质量、能力等的)等级、级别、水平联盟;同盟SYN alliancein league (with sb)(与)秘密串通,勾结opposing adj. only before noun(队组、军队、力量等)对立的;相竞争的;对抗的(态度、观点等)相反的;极不相同的oppose verb 反对(计划、政策等);抵抗;阻挠 sb / sth (sb / sth) doing sth(在竞赛中)与对垒,与角逐 sboppo
23、sed adj. (to sth)(人)强烈反对(意见、看法等)截然不同as opposed to(表示对比)而,相对于而不是net noun C网;网状物C(构成复合词)有专门用途的网fishing netsthe net sing.(体育运动)球门网the net sing.(网球等)球网the Net(also the net)= THE INTERNETadj. 净得的;纯的净的最后的;最终的verb 净得;净赚 sth用网捕捉(鱼等) sth(巧妙地)捕获,得到 sb / sth(将球)踢入球门,射入球门 sthSYN score用网覆盖 sthmove the goalposts改
24、变规则,改变条件(使某人为难)goalpost (also post) noun 球门柱insurance noun U, C保险 (against sth)life / car / travel / household insurance人寿、汽车、旅行平安、家庭财产保险U保险业U保险费;保费U, C(防备不测的)保障措施,安全保证insure verb T, I投保;给保险 sth / yourself (for sth) sth / yourself (against sth) against sthT接受投保;承保 sb / sth(especially NAmE)= ensuresa
25、lesman, saleswoman(pl. -men, -women) noun售货员;推销员complain verb 抱怨;埋怨;发牢骚 (to sb) (about / of sth) (that)+ speechcomplain of sth诉说(病情或痛苦)complaint noun C不满的原因;抱怨;埋怨;投诉;控告 (about sb / sth) (against sb / sth) (that)U抱怨;埋怨;不满score an own goal进乌龙球;无意做对自己不利的事own goal noun usually sing.(BrE)(足球)乌龙球;射进自家球门的球
26、帮倒忙的事;无意中让自己吃亏的事unintentionally adv. 无意地;非故意地intentional adj. 故意的;有意的;存心的SYN deliberate, intendedOPP unintentionalintentionally adv.intention noun C, U打算;计划;意图;目的 (of doing sth) (to do sth) (that)council noun (市、郡等的)政务委员会,地方议会(BrE)市政(或地方管理)服务机构(顾问、立法、研究、基金等)委员会backfire verb I产生事与愿违的不良(或危险)后果 (on sb)
27、I(发动机或车辆)逆火;回火ballpark noun C(especially NAmE)棒球场sing.(数额的)变动范围;可量范围in the ballpark差不多;大致相当a ballpark estimate大致的估计venue noun 活动场地(如音乐厅、体育比赛场馆、会场)curveball noun 弧线球;曲线球throw sb a curveball给某人出难题handle verb T处理,控制,管理(局势、人、工作或感情) sth / sb yourselfT(用手)触,拿,搬动 sthT控制,操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) sthI well / badly (容易
28、/ 难以)驾驶,操纵T买;卖 sthSYN deal innoun 把手;拉手柄;把;提梁;把手get / have a handle on sb / sth弄懂;理解;搞明白give sb a handle (on sth)(使)弄懂,理解,明白fly off the handle大发雷霆three strikes and you are out三振出局fist noun 拳;拳头make a better, good, poor, etc. fist of sth试图把(或未能把)某事做得很成功make / lose money hand over fist赚大钱;破大财waist nou
29、n 腰;腰部(衣服的)腰部;腰below the belt(说话)不公正的;伤人的tighten your belt勒紧腰带(省吃俭用)belt noun 腰带;皮带传送带;传动带地带;地区cruel adj. 残酷的;冷酷的;残忍的;残暴的 (to sb / sth)OPP kind引起痛苦的a cruel joke挖苦人的笑话cruelty noun U(蓄意的)残酷,残忍,残暴 (to sb sth)C, usually pl.残暴的行为C, U不公;虐待remark noun C谈论;言论;评述SYN commentto make a remark发表评论U引人注目;显耀SYN not
30、everb I, T说起;谈论;评论SYN comment on / upon sth / sb how+ speech thatremarkable adj. 非凡的;奇异的;显著的;引人关注的 for sth thatSYN astonishingtowel noun 毛巾;手帕;抹布;纸巾throw in the towel认输;承认失败;放弃努力verb 用毛巾擦干 yourself / sb / sth (down)literally adv. 按字面;字面上(强调事实可能令人惊讶)真正地,确实地SYN exactly(加强即使字面意义并不真实的词语)简直iron noun U(symb Fe)铁C熨斗have several, etc. irons in the fire分散活动(或经营);广泛撒网verb T, I(用熨斗)熨,熨平 (sth)iron sth out熨平(衣服等的皱褶)解决影响的问题(或困难)adj. 坚强的;强硬坚定的a man of iron will