1、江苏省部分学校2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题分类汇编阅读理解江苏省扬州中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExplore Nice in France - how car travel makes for a memorable holiday.A classic option to explore the celebrated city of France, such as Nice is through hard travel. Cruis
2、ing through the South of France, there are museums and restaurants to experience. Visiting these attractions is most convenient with a car. As hiring a car in Nice from the airport is simple. One can sit back and drive through the wonderful country lands without a care in the world. The west side ha
3、s small hills while the east extends to the Mediterranean Sea. Peaceful vineyards, quiet villages at a rich life awaits you if you drive through the countryside.RestaurantsThe kitchen delights that Nice offers are the cities chief attraction. The Cours Saleya market, offers fine delicacies while sip
4、ping the Provencal wine is another soothing experience. Overall, Coted Azur can be put as the gastronomic capital of France. BeachesBeing along the coastline，Nice offers some really warm and relaxing beaches to its tourists lined with cosy seaside apartments and hotels.Tips for Hiring a CarChoose a
5、car which can easily accommodate you and your family without being too big- Traffic can be a major issue in some cities. A GPS navigation system aids in traveling without getting lost and also helps in saving time.Check with various number of car hire companies for the different prices so that you d
6、o not end up with an expensive package. Traveling to France has perhaps been on the wish lists of every travel-hungry person. And you can make your trip even more memorable by traveling through the country in the car.1. What can be learned about Nice from the passage?A. It is located far from the se
7、a.B. It has quiet villages and vineyardsC. It is no easy way to hire a car in Nice.D. It offers the warmest beach to tourists.2. When hiring a car in France, you are advised to _A. Choose one as big as possible.B. Ignore the GPS navigation system.C. Pay for your accommodation in advance.D. Check wit
8、h companies for reasonable prices.3. This passage is intended for_A. driversB. travelersC. passengersD. tour guidesBAnyone who commutes(通勤)by car knows that traffic jams are an unavoidable part of life. But humans are not alone in facing potential backups.Ants also commutebetween their nest and sour
9、ces of food. The survival of their habitats depends on doing this efficiently.When humans commute, theres a point at which cars become dense(稠密) enough to slow down the flow of traffic, causing jam. Researchers wanted to know if ants on the move could also get stuck. So they regulated traffic densit
10、y by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food. Then they waited and watched, trying to find out at what point they are going to have a traffic jam.But it appears that that never happened. They always managed to avoid traffic jam. The flow of ants
11、 did increase at the beginning as ants started to fill the bridge and then levelled off at high densities. But it never slowed down or stopped, even when the bridge was nearly filled with ants.The researchers then took a closer look at how the behaviour of individual ants impacted traffic as a whole
12、. And they found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas, which prevents jams. These behaviors may be promoted by pheromones, chemicals that tell other ants where a trail is. The ants also manage to avoid colliding(碰撞) with each other at high
13、 densities, which could really slow them down.Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems? Not likely. Thats because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible, human drivers put their own goals first. Individual ants have to be more cooperative in order to feed the col
14、ony. But the research could be useful in improving traffic flow for self-driving cars, which can be designed to be less like selfish humansand more like ants.4. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Surviving.B. Commuting.C. Finding food.D. Avoiding jams.5. How did the rese
15、archers control the traffic density of the commuting ants?A. Through closer observation.B. By regulating their numbers.C By finding out the dense points.D. By controlling the widths of their path.6. How can ants avoid traffic jam according to the research?A. They follow a special route.B. They level
16、 off at high densities.C. They never stop or slow down on the way.D. They depend on their natural chemicals to adjust their speeds.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Traffic jamsB. Survival of an ant colonyC. Unavoidable? Not for ants!D. Differences between human and ant
17、sCA growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a fathers age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.
18、The study, published in the American Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the studys senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in bioc
19、hemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers h
20、is lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even th
21、ough the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of
22、 certain diseases, and birth defects in his children. A limited diet during a fathers preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and dev
23、elopment of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.“This new field of inherited paternal epigen
24、etics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”8. Wh
25、ats the message the writer conveys in the passage?A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.B. Fathers age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.9. What can w
26、e infer from the example in Paragraph 5?A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.C. A fathers lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.D. Most children have biological fathers who
27、are alcoholics.10. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to childrens birth defects?A. Having a father with a limited diet.B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.C. Having an overweight father.D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.11. What will the research probably continue
28、 to focus on in the part that follows?A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.C. The clinical application of the research findings.D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.DSince1972 Americans have sat through more
29、 than 9,000 episodes of“The Price is Right. a game show with an economic twist. After being selected from the audience by the famous catchphrase“come on down”contestants must guess the exact price of prizes. ranging from guitars to garden furniture. If they bid too high, they arc disqualified. In a
30、recent paper, Jonathan Hartley of Harvard Kennedy School points out an interesting trend. Contestants have got a lot worse at guessing prices.Technology may play a role. Reaching for a smartphone is easier than recalling a fact from memory. Who remembers phone numbers anymore? People may just fall o
31、ut of the habit of recalling prices. Still. the rise of the smartphone is a recent phenomenon - it cannot explain why contestants became worse guessers during thel970s, 1980s and 1990s.Economic changes may be a better explanation. A paper published in 2001 suggested that higher GDP growth raised “pr
32、ice-recall error. Like the famous politician who thinks a gallon of milk costs S15, as people get richer they worry less about budgeting.A related trend is that Americans devote a shrinking share of their household spending to goods - which tend to appear on The Price Is Right and a rising share to
33、services, such as dining and childcare. which do not. Contestants might be pretty good at guessing the price of a gym class or a babysitter.Perhaps the most interesting explanation, however, relates to globalization. In the early 1970s consumers had a relatively limited selection of products to choo
34、se from. Around the time that “The Price Is Right” first aired, Sears catalogue s were hundreds of pages long. But a search on Amazon brings up nearly1,000 results just for the word “toaster. Firms offer a huge range of differentiated products at wildly different prices, allowing consumers to satisf
35、y their special wants. The result is that guessing prices is trickier.The rise of online shopping adds further confusion. Online retailers respond instantly to fluctuations in supply and demand. Alberto Cavallo of Harvard Business School finds that some large retailers now change their prices. both
36、upwards and downwards, twice as frequently as they did a decade ago. All of this suggests that contestants guesses may yet get worse.12. What does Jonathan Hartley find out from “The Price Is Right?A. People are becoming less price-sensitive.B. Technology makes it easier to guess prices.C. Guessing
37、prices has become a growing trend.D. Its necessary to have the habit of guessing prices.13. Why does the author mention the price of a gallon of milk in Paragraph 3?A. To present The Price Is Right tends to focus on daily goods.B. To complain “Price-recall error is common among politicians.C. To rev
38、eal Americans are spending more on services than goods.D. To show a good economy makes people less concerned about prices.14. In which way does globalization make guessing prices difficult?A. It has caused frequent price wars.B. It has brought a wealth of products.C. It directs peoples attention to
39、online shopping.D. It leads to huge price differences among retailers.15. The underlined word “fluctuations” in the last paragraph means .A. Goals.B. Changes.C. Charges.D. Examples.江苏省响水中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷第一节 （共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）APalawan is a must for the global traveller, with its charmin
40、g scenery, untouched rainforests and world-class resorts(度假胜地). Palawans beaches simply have no equal, and there are scores of islands for the travelers to explore.DivingDivers troop to Palawan, which lies at the very heart of the Coral Triangle biodiversity corridor(走廊). The highlight is Tubbataha
41、Reefs National Park, which is accessible only by live-aboard boat from late March to mid-June.Island hoppingTop of most visitors lists is boarding a trusty speed boat and setting off to explore Palawans 1780 islands. Why not take a multiday journey, camping on remote islands under the stars, far rem
42、oved from other tourists?BeachesThe best part about Palawans glorious beaches? Only a few are known to the masses. The rest are yours for the taking. EI Nido has a seemingly endless supply of sandy sights. North of EI Nido, a rough road leads to Nacpan Beach. Way up north, the Calamian Islands are o
43、ften ringed 360-degrees by blindingly white sand.Jungle adventuresClose to 50% of Palawans old-growth forest cover remains untouched, by far the most among Philippine provinces. Naturalists can explore the rainforests in search of animals and birdwatchers migrate from around the globe to spot unusua
44、l bird species. Additionally, determined hikers can scale numerous peaks.Palawan has always had a responsible attitude towards its environment. Against the destruction of coastal ecosystems and illegal logging and fishing, several award-wining resorts are leading the way toward a more sustainable fu
45、ture, mixing native design and low-carbon elements to create living spaces that will last. Ecotourism will play a role in determining the future of the islands.21. What can a tourist enjoy in Palawan?A. Watching the migration of birds in the rainforests.B. Visiting Tubbataha Reefs National Park in J
46、uly.C. Getting exposed to all the beaches.D. Exploring the faraway islands.22. Who may have less interest in Palawan?A. Climbers.B. Skiers.C. Biologists.D. Divers.23. What should the local people do to maintain its continuous business?A. Forbid fishing.B. Protect ecosystems.C. Log illegally.D. Ignor
47、e the concept of low-carbon life.BIm a standup comic. One day, a woman from The Daily News called and said she wanted to do an article on me. When she had finished interviewing me for the article, she asked, “What are you planning to do next?” Well, at the time, there was absolutely nothing I was pl
48、anning on doing next, so I asked her what she meant, pausing for a moment. She told me she was interested in me! So I thought Id better tell her something. What came out was, “Im thinking about breaking the Guinness Book of World Records for Fastest-Talking Female.”The newspaper article came out the next day, and the writer had included my parting remarks about trying to break the worlds Fastest-Talking Female record. At about 5: 00 p.m. that afternoon I got a call from Larry King Live, which I had never heard of, asking me to go on the show. They wanted me
