1、书面表达专书面表达专题（三）题（三）-建议信建议信How to write a letter for advice如何算是一篇好文章？如何算是一篇好文章？覆盖了所有的要点覆盖了所有的要点应用了较多的语法结构和词汇应用了较多的语法结构和词汇有效地使用了语句间的连接成有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，行文连贯，分，使全文结构紧凑，行文连贯，条理清楚。条理清楚。要要点点全全词汇词汇,句型句型 （高级）和语法（高级）和语法多样化（较复杂）语言地道多样化（较复杂）语言地道连连接接词词写作攻略写作攻略1.建议信是向收信人对某事提出写信人的建议和忠告。2建议信有可能是写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题
2、提出自己的看法和观点；也可能是写给某个组织和机构，就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。3建议信要写出写信的原因，建议的内容，提出建议的理由，提出的理由要入情入理，语气一定要礼貌当先。因此建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。建议信写作的注意事项： a这类文章一定要符合英这类文章一定要符合英语信件的语信件的基本格式基本格式。 b这类文章的基本时态多这类文章的基本时态多用用一般现在时和一般将来一般现在时和一般将来时。时。 c.语言要语言要委婉、礼貌，顾及委婉、礼貌，顾及对方感受。对方感受。 常用套语常用套语A建议信开头常用句式建议信开头常用句式 (开门见山开门见山,表明写作意图表明写作意图)
3、1After I read your letter in the newspaper, I am sorry to know that 2I know you have trouble inafter reading your letter3. You have asked me for my advice with regard toand Ill try to make some conductive suggestions.B. 表达建议（表达建议（body 分析问题，提出建议）分析问题，提出建议）1.first，firstly，secondlythen，after that，in th
4、e endfinallyMeanwhile, whats more2 .I think it would be more beneficial if you could 3. If I were you, I would4 In my opinion, it would be wise to take the following action.5. When it comes to such a situation, I would like to suggest that you canC.建议信结尾（希望对建议信结尾（希望对方采纳建议）方采纳建议） 1. I believe you wil
5、l take my advice into account/consideration.2. I do hope you will find these proposals/suggestions practical/useful/helpful.3. I feel that it would be beneficial if you stick to it.4. In the end, I will be glad if you find my suggestions useful.假如你叫孙军，是恩施高中的学生，要给市长假如你叫孙军，是恩施高中的学生，要给市长写一封信，反映学校门前交通拥挤
6、现象，包括写一封信，反映学校门前交通拥挤现象，包括以下要点：以下要点：参考词汇参考词汇: 穿行穿行 thread ones way 天桥天桥 overpass 问题问题建议建议学校和一所小学毗邻，对着学校和一所小学毗邻，对着大街，高峰期交通繁忙；加大街，高峰期交通繁忙；加之孩子小之孩子小, 家长接送。交通家长接送。交通更拥挤；学生过街在车辆中更拥挤；学生过街在车辆中穿行危险。穿行危险。政府应采取措施政府应采取措施,如修天桥等。如修天桥等。第一步：审题第一步：审题养成重视审题的习惯。养成重视审题的习惯。虽然基础写作题是半封闭性的，但审题仍然十分重要。现以样题为例，谈谈如何审题：思考的问题思考的问
7、题样题分析样题分析第几人称？（第几人称？（person）文章的题材是什么？文章的题材是什么？要写的文章主题是什么要写的文章主题是什么 (topic)怎样安排信息点的顺序？怎样安排信息点的顺序？ (order)动作是什么时候发生的？动作是什么时候发生的？(时态时态) (when)第一人称第一人称一封信一封信建议政府采取措施舒缓交建议政府采取措施舒缓交通拥挤的状况通拥挤的状况说理逻辑性说理逻辑性一般现在时一般现在时第二步：搜索相关词组或句型第二步：搜索相关词组或句型问题建议学校和一所小学毗学校和一所小学毗邻，对着大街，高邻，对着大街，高峰期交通繁忙；加峰期交通繁忙；加之孩子小之孩子小, 家长接家长
8、接送。交通更拥挤；送。交通更拥挤；学生过街在车辆中学生过街在车辆中穿行危险。穿行危险。政府应采取措施政府应采取措施,如修天桥等。如修天桥等。 学校与一所小学毗邻学校与一所小学毗邻,对着大街对着大街stand next to primary face/be faced with the main streetTheres a primary school near our school, and both schools face the main street.Our school stands next to a primary school, faced with/facing the m
9、ain street.推荐句型：推荐句型：There be+并列句并列句非谓语结构非谓语结构Standing next to a primary school, our school is faced with/faces the main street.润色润色小建议小建议Next to a primary school将介词短语提前（全倒装）将介词短语提前（全倒装） stands/lies/is our school, faced with / facing a main street.可将可将stand next to替换为高级词汇替换为高级词汇/短语短语be located next
10、to (near/beside/by) border/adjoin vt. be adjacent to与与毗邻毗邻在在对面对面 be opposite to The traffic is busy during the rush hours.高峰期交通繁忙高峰期交通繁忙.traffic. during the rush hoursDuring the rush hours, there are so many cars and buses going on the road thatDuring the rush hours, there is a lot of traffic.so. th
11、atwith结构结构With so many cars and buses going on the road, 润色润色小建议小建议“高峰期高峰期”可意译可意译:at peak time，a large current of cars and people“交通繁忙交通繁忙”可译为可译为:traffic jamcongestion 交通堵塞交通堵塞be choke up withbe crammed with 被被堵塞堵塞/塞满塞满 加之孩子小加之孩子小,家长接送家长接送,交通更拥挤交通更拥挤 sendto, fetch. , 非谓语结构非谓语结构.Many parents send the
12、ir young children to school and fetch them home, which makes the traffic heavier.Many parents send their young children to school and fetch them home, making the traffic heavier. , which.加之孩子小，家长接送，交通更拥挤加之孩子小，家长接送，交通更拥挤Whats more, pick up. make.To make things worse/ whats worse, many parents coming
13、to pick up their children make the street more crowded.In addition/ Additionally, many parents send their young children to school and fetch them home, which makes the traffic heavier.Whats more, parents often attend their kids to school, resulting in more serious traffic jams.What makes things wors
14、e is that children have to be picked up by their parents owing to their young age.making the situation more serious.making the traffic heavier可意译为：可意译为： so. that.=tootoThe children are so young that parents have to send them to school and fetch them home, which makes/making the traffic heavier.makin
15、g 可替换为：可替换为： causing, leading to, resulting in“sendfetch” 可替换为短语：可替换为短语：pick up润色润色小建议小建议 学生过街在车辆中穿行危险学生过街在车辆中穿行危险thread ones way，when doingIt is dangerous for the students to thread their way among buses and cars when crossing the road.固定句型固定句型It is +adj. for to do.1.Students are risking their live
16、s to thread their way among cars.润色润色小建议小建议2. Some are exposed to danger when crossing the ocean/ sea of cars. 灵活运用其它的短语进行意译：灵活运用其它的短语进行意译： 适当增加形容词和副词：适当增加形容词和副词： it is extremely dangerous，it is of great/ tremendous danger政府应采取措施政府应采取措施,如修天桥等。如修天桥等。vsuggest/suggestion, take steps/ measures/ action t
17、o do such asMy suggestion is that the government should表语从句表语从句固定句型固定句型 It is high time that(虚拟语气虚拟语气)It is high time that relevant authorities took some measures like buildingI suggest that the government should take steps such as building an overpass.简单句简单句1. In order to release the stress of traf
18、fic problems, 润色润色小建议小建议2. Aimed at solving these problems, the government shouldA. 适当添加一些意思（过渡句）适当添加一些意思（过渡句）The government should pay more attention to it and try to solve it.B. 语义的意译语义的意译3. Seeing these matters, never will I stop urging our government to take some measures. For the sake of improv
19、ing the quality of traffic, it is significant to buildC. 添加形容词和副词添加形容词和副词I strongly suggest, active/effective measures第三步第三步. 连句成文连句成文但要注意：篇章的连贯性但要注意：篇章的连贯性Next to a primary school stands our school, facing a main street. _, its crammed with cars during the rush hour. _ children have to be picked up
20、 by their parents owing to their young age. _, its of great danger for the students to go through the traffic. _, it is high time that relevant authorities took some measures like building an overpass.A. As a consequence B. According to the phenomenon stated above C. When it comes to traffic jamsD.
21、What makes things worse is that A.C.D.B.反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例反面范例不推荐字体不推荐字体优秀作文范例优秀作文范例1优点：考生能灵活地处理各个信息点，大量运用优点：考生能灵活地处理各个信息点，大量运用非谓语，介词短语，从句，连词等来提亮句子，非谓语，介词短语，从句，连词等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显个性和语言功底。使得文章更彰显个性和语言功底。优秀作文范例优秀作文范例2优点：考生的书面整洁，字体美观，运用优点：考生的书面整洁，字体美观，运用there be句型，介词短语，从句，非谓语，套用句式等来句型，介词短语，从句，非谓
22、语，套用句式等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显内涵和语言功底。提亮句子，使得文章更彰显内涵和语言功底。优秀作文范例优秀作文范例3优点：考生运用倒装句，优点：考生运用倒装句，so that句式，精彩的句式，精彩的表达以及虚拟语气等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰表达以及虚拟语气等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显内涵和语言功底。显内涵和语言功底。优秀作文范例优秀作文范例4优点：该考生最大的特色是运用了大量的高级词优点：该考生最大的特色是运用了大量的高级词汇等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显深厚的语言底汇等来提亮句子，使得文章更彰显深厚的语言底蕴。蕴。优秀作文范例优秀作文范例5优秀作文范例优秀作文范例6Congestion
23、n. 阻塞阻塞, 拥挤拥挤, 充血充血 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友假定你是李华，你的英国朋友PeterPeter来信向你咨询来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写回信。如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写回信。要点：要点： 参加中文学习班；参加中文学习班； 看中文书刊、电视；看中文书刊、电视； 学唱中文歌曲；学唱中文歌曲； 交中国朋友。交中国朋友。注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头语已注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头语已给出。给出。Dear Peter,Dear Peter, _Best wishes,Best wishes,Li HuaLi HuaDear Peter
24、,Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as youll be able to learn from the teachers and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspaper
25、s, and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. In addition, You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.Try writing to me in Chinese next time.Best wishes, Li Hua
