1、 提高员工的消防安全意识，使其了解防火知识和提高员工的消防安全意识，使其了解防火知识和灭火知识，并在发生火情时会报火警、会使用灭火知识，并在发生火情时会报火警、会使用消防设备扑救初期火灾，熟悉酒店火警救援预消防设备扑救初期火灾，熟悉酒店火警救援预案以及本部门的疏散程序。案以及本部门的疏散程序。 Enforce the consciousness of fire safety Have a good understanding of fire prevention and protection Be able to use fire alarm, firefighting equipments
2、to control incipient fire Be familiar with emergency procedures and departmental evacuation proceduresBasic knowledge and background informationBasic knowledge and background information 消防基础概念和基础知识消防基础概念和基础知识Factors, causes and prevention of hotel firesFactors, causes and prevention of hotel fires
3、酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防Fire drill Fire drill 消防演习消防演习Basic knowledge and background informationBasic knowledge and background information 消防基础概念和基础知识消防基础概念和基础知识1.1 Our national policy is:1.1 Our national policy is: 我国的消防工作方针是：我国的消防工作方针是： Prevention first, prevention and protection Prevention firs
4、t, prevention and protection “预防为主，防消结合预防为主，防消结合”1.2 Requirements:1.2 Requirements: 消防工作要求做到的两知三会：消防工作要求做到的两知三会： Be knowledgeable in prevention and protection. When a Be knowledgeable in prevention and protection. When a fire happens, all associates should be able to use fire fire happens, all assoc
5、iates should be able to use fire alarm, control incipient fire hazards and assist in alarm, control incipient fire hazards and assist in evacuation.evacuation. 两知是指知防火知识和灭火知识。三会是指在发生火灾时两知是指知防火知识和灭火知识。三会是指在发生火灾时 会报火警，会扑救初起火灾，会协助救援。会报火警，会扑救初起火灾，会协助救援。1. Basic knowledge and background information1. Bas
6、ic knowledge and background information消防基础概念和基础知识消防基础概念和基础知识1.3 Extinguishment methods1.3 Extinguishment methods 灭火的方法灭火的方法 Extinguishment means eliminating all conditions required by Extinguishment means eliminating all conditions required by combustion, terminating the oxidation bustion, terminat
7、ing the oxidation process. 灭火就是破坏燃烧条件，使氧化反应终止的过程。灭火就是破坏燃烧条件，使氧化反应终止的过程。Cooling: reduce the temperature of combustible materials below to the flash point.冷却法：冷却法：可以使可燃物的温度降低到燃点以下，从而使燃烧停止。可以使可燃物的温度降低到燃点以下，从而使燃烧停止。1. Basic knowledge and background information1. Basic knowledge and background informatio
8、n消防基础概念和基础知识消防基础概念和基础知识Isolation: isolate combustible materials from the initial source. 隔离法：隔离法：将燃烧物与附近可燃物隔离或疏散开，从而使燃烧停止。将燃烧物与附近可燃物隔离或疏散开，从而使燃烧停止。Suffocation: apply proper methods to prevent air from going into the combustible area.窒息法：窒息法：采取适当措施，防止空气进入燃烧区，使燃烧物质因缺乏或断采取适当措施，防止空气进入燃烧区，使燃烧物质因缺乏或断绝氧气而熄
9、灭。绝氧气而熄灭。Fire extinguishers : release the fire extinguishing agent to diminish the fire by termination the chain reaction.化学抑制法：化学抑制法：将化学灭火剂喷入燃烧区，使之破坏燃烧链式反应，从而将化学灭火剂喷入燃烧区，使之破坏燃烧链式反应，从而使燃烧停止。使燃烧停止。1. Basic knowledge and background information1. Basic knowledge and background information消防基础概念和基础知识消防基
10、础概念和基础知识1.4 How to use a fire extinguisher1.4 How to use a fire extinguisher 灭火器使用方法灭火器使用方法 Pull out the pin.Pull out the pin.拔下灭火器的保险鞘拔下灭火器的保险鞘Stand at the upwind position, two to three meters away from the fire.Stand at the upwind position, two to three meters away from the fire.距火距火2-32-3米处，站在上风方
11、向米处，站在上风方向. .Aim at the base of the fire.Aim at the base of the fire.对准火焰根部对准火焰根部Sweep from side to side and move the fire extinguisher back to forth. Sweep from side to side and move the fire extinguisher back to forth. (Do not hold the fire extinguisher horizontally or up side down)(Do not hold th
12、e fire extinguisher horizontally or up side down)自近而远喷射扑救自近而远喷射扑救( (灭火器不要横卧或颠倒使用灭火器不要横卧或颠倒使用) )1. Basic knowledge and background information1. Basic knowledge and background information消防基础概念和基础知识消防基础概念和基础知识Factors, causes and prevention of hotel firesFactors, causes and prevention of hotel fires 酒店
13、火灾的特点、起因及预防酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防2.1 Incipient fire 2.1 Incipient fire 初期火灾具有以下特点：初期火灾具有以下特点：Low temperatureLow temperature温度较低温度较低Slow extension and unstableSlow extension and unstable发展速度缓慢，且不稳定发展速度缓慢，且不稳定Short duration, approximately 3 to 5 minutes Short duration, approximately 3 to 5 minutes 持续时间不长，一般为持续
14、时间不长，一般为3 3至至5 5分钟（纵火情况例外）分钟（纵火情况例外）2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires 酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防2.2 Factors of hotel fires 2.2 Factors of hotel fires 酒店火灾的特点酒店火灾的特点 Extend fastExtend fast 火势蔓延快火势蔓延快 Difficult to evacuation Difficult to e
15、vacuation 疏散困难疏散困难 Difficult to put outDifficult to put out 扑救难度大扑救难度大 Too much hidden troublesToo much hidden troubles 火险隐患多火险隐患多2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires 酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防2.3 Causes of hotel fires2.3 Causes of hotel fi
16、res 酒店引发火灾的原因Smoking Smoking 吸烟引发的火灾吸烟引发的火灾Cooking fires at kitchenCooking fires at kitchen厨房用火不慎引发的火灾厨房用火不慎引发的火灾Improper usage of electricalImproper usage of electrical电热器具使用不当且离可燃物太近引发的火灾电热器具使用不当且离可燃物太近引发的火灾Improper operations during decorations and constructionsImproper operations during decorati
17、ons and constructions装修改造或维修施工中的违章操作引发的火灾装修改造或维修施工中的违章操作引发的火灾Short circuit and overloadingShort circuit and overloading短路、电器设备超负荷运转、接触不良引发的火灾短路、电器设备超负荷运转、接触不良引发的火灾Lightning, thunder and static electricityLightning, thunder and static electricity雷击、静电放电引发的火灾雷击、静电放电引发的火灾ArsonArson人为纵火人为纵火2. Factors, c
18、auses and prevention of hotel fires2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires 酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防2.4 Prevention2.4 Prevention 酒店如何做好防火工作酒店如何做好防火工作 Always monitor and control cooking firesAlways monitor and control cooking fires用火时要有专人看护，使火始终处在可以控制的范围内用火时要有专人看护，使火始终处在可以控制的范围内Do not store
19、 a large amount of combustible or flammable materialsDo not store a large amount of combustible or flammable materials在酒店内不要存放大量的易燃易爆材料在酒店内不要存放大量的易燃易爆材料Check electricalCheck electrical、oil and gas equipments on a regular basisoil and gas equipments on a regular basis定期检修用电、用气、用油设备定期检修用电、用气、用油设备Do no
20、t connect wires randomlyDo not connect wires randomly不要乱拉乱接电线不要乱拉乱接电线2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires 酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防 Always put stubs into ashtrays不要乱扔烟头不要乱扔烟头Do NOT block exit doors. Fires doors should always be shut. Do NO
21、T place anything under fire shutters. Do NOT place anything within 1.5m of fire extinguishers. 不要堵塞消防疏散通道，防火卷帘门下不要堆放物品，不要支开防火门，不要堵塞消防疏散通道，防火卷帘门下不要堆放物品，不要支开防火门，消火栓消火栓1.5米范围内严禁摆放物品米范围内严禁摆放物品All fire safety equipments should be kept in good condition. Do NOT miss, break or remove any equipments.不准损坏和擅自
22、挪用、停用消防设施器材不准损坏和擅自挪用、停用消防设施器材Fire safety trainings and fire drill should be conducted on a regular basis.定期进行消防培训、消防预案演习，提高员工自身的消防安全意识定期进行消防培训、消防预案演习，提高员工自身的消防安全意识2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires 酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防2.5 When a fir
23、e happens. 2.5 When a fire happens. 当出现火情后当出现火情后Remain calm. Do NOT be panic.Remain calm. Do NOT be panic.保持镇静，不要惊慌。保持镇静，不要惊慌。Call Call FCC (1119) and and SE (0)SE (0)It is important to give the following It is important to give the following information: name, location, nature of fire and flammable
24、 materials.information: name, location, nature of fire and flammable materials.迅速打电话给迅速打电话给 安全中心安全中心(1119)(1119)和和总机总机(0)(0)说清自己的姓名、起火位置、说清自己的姓名、起火位置、火势大小及着火物品火势大小及着火物品If phones are not available, activate the nearest fire alarmIf phones are not available, activate the nearest fire alarm如电话不方便，启动最近的
25、火灾报警器。如电话不方便，启动最近的火灾报警器。If possible, operate fie extinguishers and stay on site.If possible, operate fie extinguishers and stay on site.如果情况允许，使用灭火器灭火，留在现场守候。如果情况允许，使用灭火器灭火，留在现场守候。2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires2. Factors, causes and prevention of hotel fires 酒店火灾的特点、起因及预防酒店火灾的特点、起因
26、及预防Fire DrillFire Drill消防演习消防演习3.1 Fire Alarm 消防火警消防火警Once have received the signal and recorded the alarm, FCC immediately call ERT. Members of ERT rush to the initial source and investigate. Then, inform Service Express Centre of the fire alarm and the location.当消防控制中心（当消防控制中心（FCC）在收到火警信号后记录报警内容，并
27、立即使用电）在收到火警信号后记录报警内容，并立即使用电话通知紧急行动小组成员（话通知紧急行动小组成员（ERT）赶赴火警现场确认报火警的原因。随后）赶赴火警现场确认报火警的原因。随后通知总机，有火警并说清报警地点。通知总机，有火警并说清报警地点。Remark: Members should arrive on site within three minutes and conduct investigations.备注：备注：ERT 成员在成员在3分钟之内到达报警地点，对报警原因进行调查。分钟之内到达报警地点，对报警原因进行调查。3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习Duty of ERT
28、 members ERTDuty of ERT members ERT成员职责：成员职责： GSM should take master keys and communication equipments to the site.GSM should take master keys and communication equipments to the site. GSM客户服务经理客户服务经理(ERT 组长组长):携带万能钥匙及通话设备去现场携带万能钥匙及通话设备去现场 Duty Engineer should take communication equipments and get f
29、ire Duty Engineer should take communication equipments and get fire extinguishers from the nearest place and then go to the site.extinguishers from the nearest place and then go to the site. 值班工程师值班工程师:携带通话设备及从火警点附近取灭火器去现场携带通话设备及从火警点附近取灭火器去现场 Duty security supervisor take crisis management kit and c
30、ommunication Duty security supervisor take crisis management kit and communication equipments to the site.equipments to the site. 值班保安主管值班保安主管:携带应急包及通话设备去现场携带应急包及通话设备去现场 Remarks: To follow up, members of ERT should ensure that all Remarks: To follow up, members of ERT should ensure that all communic
31、ation equipments are under good working conditions. communication equipments are under good working conditions. Meanwhile, ERT should keep report updated.Meanwhile, ERT should keep report updated. 备注：为了跟踪火警现场的情况，紧急行动小组的成员要保证通讯设备线备注：为了跟踪火警现场的情况，紧急行动小组的成员要保证通讯设备线路的通畅，并要不断将火警现场的信息通知消防控制中心。路的通畅，并要不断将火警现
32、场的信息通知消防控制中心。3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习Once have arrived on site, ERT conducts an investigation to make sure Once have arrived on site, ERT conducts an investigation to make sure if there is a fireif there is a fire紧急行动小组到达火警现场后，应立即确认报警现场是否出现火情。紧急行动小组到达火警现场后，应立即确认报警现场是否出现火情。If it is a false alarm, GSM w
33、ill ask FCC to reset the system and keep a If it is a false alarm, GSM will ask FCC to reset the system and keep a record.record.若为误报若为误报,由由GSM通知通知FCC将系统复位并记录备案将系统复位并记录备案.If ERT confirms if there is a fire, duty engineer and duty security If ERT confirms if there is a fire, duty engineer and duty se
34、curity supervisor will use fire safety equipments to control the fire. Meanwhile, supervisor will use fire safety equipments to control the fire. Meanwhile, GSM will call FCC through Jack Phone to initiate the next step.GSM will call FCC through Jack Phone to initiate the next step.经紧急行动小组确认，报警现场确实出
35、现经紧急行动小组确认，报警现场确实出现火情火情。值班工程师和值班保安。值班工程师和值班保安主管使用灭火设备进行主管使用灭火设备进行灭火灭火。GSM立即使用消防插孔电话通知消防控制立即使用消防插孔电话通知消防控制中心（中心（FCC）启动下一步火警程序。）启动下一步火警程序。 3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习Broadcasting: “Ladies & gentleman, a fire emergency occurs, we are making an Broadcasting: “Ladies & gentleman, a fire emergency occurs, we a
36、re making an investigation about it .Please keep calm, waiting for the further notice. Thanks investigation about it .Please keep calm, waiting for the further notice. Thanks for your cooperation”for your cooperation”经危机委员会批准，经危机委员会批准， FCC FCC 立即发出火警广播三遍，内容为：立即发出火警广播三遍，内容为：“女士们、先生们请注意，楼女士们、先生们请注意，楼里
37、发出了消防报警。我们正在对报警原因进行调查，请您保持镇静并等待进一步通知，谢里发出了消防报警。我们正在对报警原因进行调查，请您保持镇静并等待进一步通知，谢谢。谢。” ” （广播应使用两种语言进行播放，分别为英文、中文）（广播应使用两种语言进行播放，分别为英文、中文）At present, communication equipments can not make group announcements. At present, communication equipments can not make group announcements. Therefore, members of Eme
38、rgency & Crisis Response Committee, fire safety Therefore, members of Emergency & Crisis Response Committee, fire safety officers and members of fire brigade consider the fist broadcasting as a signal officers and members of fire brigade consider the fist broadcasting as a signal of assembly.of asse
39、mbly. “ “备注：因现阶段通讯设备无法满足信息群呼的功能，故危机管理委员会成员、消防安全备注：因现阶段通讯设备无法满足信息群呼的功能，故危机管理委员会成员、消防安全官以及义务消防员现暂时以官以及义务消防员现暂时以FCCFCC第一次发出的火警广播为出现第一次发出的火警广播为出现火情火情时的集合信号，在听到广时的集合信号，在听到广播后应立即行使各自的职责。播后应立即行使各自的职责。”Members of Emergency & Crisis Response Committee go to FCC, a headquarter of fire protection will then be
40、formed. Security manager takes in charge of the on-site management.危机管理委员会成员听到火警广播后应立即赶往消防控制中心（危机管理委员会成员听到火警广播后应立即赶往消防控制中心（FCC）集合，成立酒店救）集合，成立酒店救火指挥部，负责组织酒店员工开展救援工作。保安部经理赶赴火指挥部，负责组织酒店员工开展救援工作。保安部经理赶赴“火情火情”现场，负责组织指现场，负责组织指挥灭火工作。挥灭火工作。3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习3.2 Fire Extinguishment 消防灭火消防灭火Once have hear
41、d the broadcasting, fire safety officers go to their respective areas in charge and make preparations for evacuation. They will wait for further instructions. 消防安全官听到火警广播后应立即赶往各自的疏散责任区，并做好疏散准备消防安全官听到火警广播后应立即赶往各自的疏散责任区，并做好疏散准备工作等待进一步通知。工作等待进一步通知。Once have heard the broadcasting, members of fire briga
42、de go to the appointed areas (B1 fire elevator bank) to get fire cart and put on fire resistant coverall. Then, they will go to the site by taking fire safety elevators. 义务消防队员听到火警广播后应立即赶往指定地点（义务消防队员听到火警广播后应立即赶往指定地点（B1消防电梯厅）穿灭火消防电梯厅）穿灭火战斗服推消防器材车，乘坐消防电梯赶赴战斗服推消防器材车，乘坐消防电梯赶赴“火情火情”现场进行灭火增援。现场进行灭火增援。FCC
43、should keep a close contact with the site through fire monitoring system. (Meanwhile, the site is monitored by CCTV system) 消防控制中心要保持与火警现场的紧密通讯联系，并通过消防监控系统密切消防控制中心要保持与火警现场的紧密通讯联系，并通过消防监控系统密切关注火警现场的变化。（同时关注火警现场的变化。（同时CCTV对火警现场进行监控）对火警现场进行监控）3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习3.3 Fire Evacuation3.3 Fire Evacuation
44、 （消防疏散）（消防疏散）If the If the firefire gets out of control, security manager will report to general gets out of control, security manager will report to general manager through Jack Phone.manager through Jack Phone. 火情火情现场的火势逐渐发展到无法控制的程度，保安部经理根据现场的火势逐渐发展到无法控制的程度，保安部经理根据“火情火情”的扑的扑灭情况作出判断提出建议，并由灭情况作出判断提出
45、建议，并由GSM使用消防插孔电话向总指挥（总经理）使用消防插孔电话向总指挥（总经理）汇报：汇报： Dial Dial 119119. . 拨打拨打119119请求专业消防队救援。请求专业消防队救援。 Give evacuation orders.Give evacuation orders. 发出全酒店疏散命令。发出全酒店疏散命令。Remark: Our General Manager will give the evacuation orders. If Remark: Our General Manager will give the evacuation orders. If the g
46、eneral manager is absent, out hotel manager will give the the general manager is absent, out hotel manager will give the orders.orders.3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习After receiving the orders, FCC will continually broadcast in both English and Chinese. “ Ladies& gentleman, a fire emergency occurs, please go
47、 to the assembly point through the nearest pass ways. Our staff and fire wardens will assist you in evacuation. Do not use the lift. 下达疏散命令后下达疏散命令后FCC不停止的发出中英文疏散广播：不停止的发出中英文疏散广播：“女士们、先生们请注女士们、先生们请注意，楼里现在发生紧急情况。请您从最近的消防通道撤离，立即前往集合地意，楼里现在发生紧急情况。请您从最近的消防通道撤离，立即前往集合地点。我们的员工以及消防官会在周围协助您进行疏散，疏散过程中请您使用点。我们
48、的员工以及消防官会在周围协助您进行疏散，疏散过程中请您使用消防通道，不要乘坐电梯。消防通道，不要乘坐电梯。”Once have heard the broadcasting, all staff should go to the assembly point through pass ways. 酒店全体员工在听到疏散广播后利用紧急疏散安全通道向疏散集合地点疏散。酒店全体员工在听到疏散广播后利用紧急疏散安全通道向疏散集合地点疏散。3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习3.4 Arrangements for evacuation: 消防疏散具体安排消防疏散具体安排Give evacuat
49、ion orders疏散指令的发布：疏散指令的发布：Evacuation orders must be approved by General Manager and Resident Manager. 疏散指令由总经理或驻店经理认可后方能发布。疏散指令由总经理或驻店经理认可后方能发布。Commanding Center: 疏散指挥中心：疏散指挥中心： Commanding Center is the FCC. 疏散指挥中心为消防控制中心（疏散指挥中心为消防控制中心（FCC）。）。 3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习Responsibilities at evacuation: 疏散
50、职责疏散职责General Manager or Hotel Manager: Chief Commander疏散总指挥为总经理或驻店经理疏散总指挥为总经理或驻店经理Director of Engineering: Chief Coordinator疏散程序的总协调为工程部总监疏散程序的总协调为工程部总监Security Manager ensures the safety of evacuation.疏散程序和安全保障总协调为保安部经理疏散程序和安全保障总协调为保安部经理 3. Fire Drill 消防演习消防演习Assembly Point:Assembly Point: 集合地点集合地
