1、The Telecommunications RevolutionBook 4, Unit 4Text A2Proper namesv telecommunicationsv optical fiber (L. 6) /high-capacity optical fiber links (L. 38) v cable (L. 7)v copper wire (L. 8)v digital switches (L. 8)/digital model (L. 22)/digital mobile phone systems (L. 51) v wireless transmission syste
2、ms (L. 9)v the Information Age (L.10) v a spiders web of digital and wireless communication links (L. 11) v 电信v 光纤. 光学纤维/高容量的光纤电缆网v 电缆v 铜线（电缆）v 数字转换器/数字模式/数字移动电话系统v 无线传播系统v 信息时代 v 一个蜘蛛网般的数字和无线通信网络3Proper namesv the information superhighway (L. 39) v log on (to)/ log out/off (L. 40) v the electronic
3、data (L. 42) /electron (L. 73)v paperless trading (L. 43) v radio tower (L. 53) v string lines across mountain ridges (L. 53) v wireless call (L. 55)v fixed lines (L. 56)v 信息高速公路v 进入（计算机）系统；登录/退出v 电子数据/电子（信号）v 无纸化交易v 无线电发射塔v 翻山越岭架设线路v 无线电话v 固定线路4 telephone & mobile phoneInternet and emailfaxradiodig
4、ital TVsatelliteTelecommunicationsvWhat telecommunications devices are available in your life? What does telecom mean to you?5TelecommunicationsvTelecommunications, from Greek, means “communications at a distance”.v The first trend: the incredible increase in the processing power of digital computer
5、s, namely, dramatic decreases in physical size, dramatic increases in complexity, speed and capacity.vThe second trend: the explosive growth in transmission capacity through the widespread use of optical fiber across continents and under oceans.6optical fiber vOptical fiber (or “fiber optic”) often
6、refers to the medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light pulses(光脉冲) along a glass or plastic wire or fiber. Optical fiber carries much more information than conventional copper wire and is in general not subject to electromagnetic电磁的 interference and the need
7、 to retransmit signals. Most telephone company long-distance lines are now of optical fiber. 7Information Age vWhen we say that we live in the information age, we mean that we live in a time when information is very important and easy to get. The information age is an era of fundamental and global c
8、hange in intellectual, philosophical, cultural and social terms. Todays information age began with the telegraph. It was the first instrument to transform information into electrical form and transmit it reliably over long distances. New techniques of encoding and distributing digital information ar
9、e pacing the spread of the information age throughout society.8Information superhighway vA name first used by former U.S. Vice President Al Gore for the vision of a global, high-speed communications network that will carry voice, data, video, and other forms of information all over the world, and th
10、at will make it possible for people to send e-mail, get up-to-the-minute news, and access business, government and educational information. 9Global Reading Text AnalysisvIntroduction + Question + Sample Solutions + Conclusion10Global Reading Text Analysisv Fast Reading Part I (Para. 12) A New Techno
11、logy and Its Advantages Whats the new technology? What are its advantages? (6 advantages) Part II (Para. 3) Whats in Suspense Whats the problem developing countries are facing? Part III (Para. 410) Whats in Certainty Communications will be a key factor separating the winners from the losers. What ar
12、e the conditions in the six countries and regions? Russia, the mainland of China, Hungary, Latin America, Thailand, Vietnam. (one-sentence summary only) Part IV (Para. 11) A Brilliant Prospect11Answersv Conditions in the Six Countries and Regions v Russia (Para. 4) Russia needs to invest in informat
13、ion technology a huge amount of money to update its ancient telephone system but it is unlikely due to a poor economy.v The mainland of China (Para. 56) China, taking advantages of its backwardness, invests a huge amount of money to become major parts of the information highway, and Shanghai plans t
14、elecom networks as powerful as those in Manhattan.12Answersv Conditions in the Six Countries and Regions v Hungary (Para. 7) To overcome the problem of funding and to speed the import of Western technology, Hungary sold a 30% stake in its national phone company to two western companies, which Hungar
15、y finds worthwhile.v Latin America (Para. 8) Different from other countries, wireless phone service providers in Latin American countries are making money.13AnswersvConditions in the Six Countries and RegionsvThailand (Para. 9) People in Thailand are happy to accept the new technologies as they can
16、make better use of all the time they spend stuck in traffic with mobile phones.vVietnam (Para. 10) Vietnam plans to invest more in optical fiber digital switches, and transmission systems to keep pace with anyone in Asia in new tech for decades.14Filling the blanksCountries Advantages ProblemsSoluti
17、onsResultsRussiaChinaHungary Latin AmericaThailandVietnam15v should greatly boost living standards (L. 1)v 提高提高生活水准生活水准v Tr. 没有什么比没有什么比在比赛中获胜更能提高运动员的在比赛中获胜更能提高运动员的士气士气。v Nothing can boost the morale of players better than their victory in games.Detailed Reading16v Places that until recently were dea
18、f and dumb (L. 2) v figurative language isolated ill-informed no exchange of information / communicationv paraphrase?v those areas where until recently people were unable to communicate with the outside world because of the lack of the telecommunications facilities17v Places that until recently were
19、 deaf and dumb are rapidly acquiring up-to-date telecommunications that will let them promote both internal and foreign investment. (L. 2) v translate?v 一些不久前还是信息闭塞的地方正在迅速获得最新的通信技术，这将促进他们吸纳国内外投资。18v a parade of urban centers and industrial zones from (L. 9)All these developing regions (L. 13)v zone
20、/ district / region / areav zone: 具有某种明显特点的地区具有某种明显特点的地区 the industrial zone/economic development zonev district: 由国家划定的行政区域由国家划定的行政区域 Xuanwu district of Nanjingv region: 地理上的自然分界区域地理上的自然分界区域 the semi-desert regions of Australiav area: 地区，范围，面积，普遍用语，词义较广。地区，范围，面积，普遍用语，词义较广。 Dogs are not allowed in t
21、he childrens play area.19v to leap over whole stages of economic development (L.14)v 跨越经济发展诸阶段跨越经济发展诸阶段v Tr. 爱的力量可以使爱的力量可以使两个民族两个民族跨越时空跨越时空,和睦相处。和睦相处。v The power of love enables two peoples to leap over time and space and live in harmony with each other.20v to leap over whole stages of economic deve
22、lopment (L.14)v leap over: make a large or sudden movement, usu. from one place to anotherv The thief leapt over the wall and disappeared.v 那个小偷纵身跃过墙就消失了。v The dog leapt over the gate into the field. v 那条狗跃过栅栏门奔向田野。21v to leap over whole stages of economic development (L.14)v jump/leap/hop/skipv lea
23、p: jump high into the air or to jump in order to land in a different place: 着重是从一点越过相当距离到另一边，有连跑带跳的含义v jump: push yourself suddenly up in the air using your legs. 可指往上跳，也可指往下跳，或者从一点往前跳到另一点v hop: jump on one foot.单脚跳v skip: move by hopping on one foot and then the other.跳：通过一会儿这只脚跳然后另一脚跳来移动; 双脚交替v sk
24、ip ropev hop skip and jump三级跳22v Widespread access to information technologies, for example, promises to condense the time required to change from labor-intensive assembly work to industries that involve engineering, marketing, and design. (L. 14)v Translation?v 例如，信息技术的广泛应用有望缩短劳动密集型的组装工业例如，信息技术的广泛应
25、用有望缩短劳动密集型的组装工业转向涉及工程、营销和设计的那些产业所要的时间。转向涉及工程、营销和设计的那些产业所要的时间。v Tr. 经常接触不同的文化经常接触不同的文化有望有望优化优化我们的我们的知识结构知识结构。v Our frequent access to different cultures promises to optimize the structure of our knowledge.23v Modern communications “will give countries like China and Vietnam a huge advantage over coun
26、tries stuck with old technology”. (L. 18)v give a huge advantage over使与相比拥有巨大的优势v Tr.在就业市场上，一些固有的性别观念使男性与女性相比拥有巨大的优势。v In the job market, some fixed notions about gender give men a huge advantage over women. 24v Modern communications “will give countries like China and Vietnam a huge advantage over
27、countries stuck with old technology”. (L. 18)v be stuck with: have no choice about dealing with (sb./sth.) or having to do 无法摆脱，解脱不了;被.缠住无法摆脱, 遇到困难无法进行下去v Why am I always stuck with the dirty work? v We were stuck with relatives who came to stay unexpectedly. v cf. stick with： 坚持v Lets just make a d
28、ecision, and then stick with it. v cf. be stuck in: be caught or held in a position so that you cannot move 陷入v Its economy is stuck in recession. (L. 31)v the time they spend stuck in traffic. (L. 66)v He was stuck awkwardly in the middle. v 他处在进退两难的尴尬境地。25v How fast these nations should push ahead
29、 is a matter of debate. (L. 20)v push ahead/forward (with) : continue trying to achieve something坚决进行（下去）v Tr. 一旦心中确定了目标确定了目标，不管有任何艰难困苦，都要勇往直前。v Once you have a goal set in mind, just push forward/ahead with it, regardless of any hardships involved. v 他们已决定继续提出诉讼。v They have decided to push ahead wi
30、th legal actions. v a matter of sth./doing sth: sth that needs or requires sth else需要的问题，需要事情v a matter of debate/opinion/time/personal taste一个有争论的问题/看法问题/时间问题/个人口味问题26v Many experts think Vietnam is going too far by requiring that all mobile phones be expensive digital models, when it is desperate
31、for any phones, period. (L.20)v go too far: behave in an unacceptable or extreme way 过火 Hes often rude, but this time hes gone too far.v be desperate for: 急需 More and more places have been desperate for water in recent years. v period: used at the end of a statement to show that you believe you have
32、 said all there is to say on a subject and you are not going to discuss it any more. I dont want to do it, period. 我不想做这件事，我说完了。v Translation?v 许多专家认为，越南在目前急需电话的情况下，却要求所有的移动电话都必须是昂贵的数字型电话的做法就是太超前了。27v lack experience in weighing costs and (L. 23)v weigh: 权衡，斟酌权衡，斟酌v other phrases:v weigh ideas 权衡意见权
33、衡意见v weigh ones words 斟酌词句斟酌词句v weigh against 权衡，比较权衡，比较v Tr. 爱对爱对个人得失个人得失斤斤计较的人，根本不可能生活得幸福。斤斤计较的人，根本不可能生活得幸福。v Those who are liable to weigh personal gains and losses are far from likely to live in happiness.28v This means that major cities are getting the basic infrastructure to become major parts
34、 of the information superhighway, allowing people to log on to the most advanced services available.(L.38)v Translation?v 这意味着其主要城市正获得必需的基础设施，成为信息高速公路的主要部分，使人们能够进入系统，获得最先进的服务。29v To offer peak performance in providing the electronic data and paperless trading global investors expect, Shanghai plans
35、telecommunications networks as powerful as those in Manhattan. (L.42)v Translation?v 为了能给国际投资者提供其所期望的电子数据和无纸化交易的出色服务，上海计划建设与曼哈顿的网络同样强大的远程通信网络。30v To further reduce the waiting list for phones, Hungary has leased rights to a Dutch-Scandinavian group of companies to build and operate what it says will
36、 be one of the most advanced digital mobile phone systems in the world. (L.49)v the waiting list for phones: the number of people waiting for phones电话待装户; v the waiting list: a list of people who have asked for something which is not immediately available but which they will or might be able to rece
37、ive in the future 候选人名单：如为某职务或填补一个空缺而列出的一些人的名单v The hospital has a waiting list for minor operations.v Translation?v 为进一步减少电话待装用户，匈牙利已将权利出租给一家荷兰斯堪的纳维亚企业集团，来建造并经营一个据说位居世界先进行列的数字移动电话系统。31v to accept a significantly higher price tag for a wireless call (L. 55)v to accept/pay a high price tag for sth. v
38、 花费高价来换取某物花费高价来换取某物v Tr. 要买新款手机得出高价钱，但几个月内此价格就会要买新款手机得出高价钱，但几个月内此价格就会大幅度降低。大幅度降低。v A high price tag has to be paid for cell phones of the latest fashion, but in a couple of months, it will dive enormously. 32v the entire width and breadth of Latin America. (L. 57)v the width and breadth of: the enti
39、re extent of v the length and breadth of v Now that youve got at the length and breadth of what happened, it is up to you to do as you see fit. 既然你知道了事情的始末，那你就看着办吧。既然你知道了事情的始末，那你就看着办吧。v Tr. 国庆节期间，神州大地到处充满着祥和、幸福的气氛。国庆节期间，神州大地到处充满着祥和、幸福的气氛。v During the National Day, there is an atmosphere of peace and
40、 happiness across the entire width and breadth of China. 33v So mobile phones have become the rage among businesspeople (L. 68) v rage n.v 1. outburst of furious anger 盛怒盛怒 the rage of the sea 怒海澎湃怒海澎湃 be in / fly into a rage 勃然大怒勃然大怒v 2. a rage for 强烈欲望强烈欲望v 3. be / become (all) the rage among 在在之中
41、成为时尚之中成为时尚v Tr. 每逢佳节收发短信已成为中国人的时尚。每逢佳节收发短信已成为中国人的时尚。v Sending and receiving short messages on every festive occasion has become the rage among the Chinese people.34v By going for next-generation technology now, (L. 73)v go for: try to get or win something 追求追求v Tr. 如果你今天一味地追求乐趣，那你日后不太可能有如果你今天一味地追求乐趣
42、，那你日后不太可能有所作为。所作为。v If you are going for fun alone today, you are less than likely to achieve something in time to come. 35v For countries that have lagged behind for so long, the temptation to move ahead in one jump is hard to resist. (L.76)v Translation?v 对于那些长期落后的国家来说，一跃而名列前茅的诱惑难以抵御。36Words & Exp
43、ressions37telecommunicationsv tele- v at or over a long distance 远（距离）v telescopev telegraphv telephone38opticalv an optical diskv 光盘v an optical illusionv 错觉；视错觉39millimeterv milli- 千分之一v centimeter centi- 百分之一v decimeter deci- 十分之一 v meterv kilometer40cablev cable carv 缆车v cable televisionv 有线电视41
44、transmissionv V.v transmit v trans-v 1. on or to the far side of; across横越 transatlantic flights, transnationalv 2. between, inter trans-racial fostering 异族收养v 3. showing a change transform, transfigure42paradev a parade of: a series of things of peoplev Each generation passes through a similar para
45、de of events. 每一代人都经历一系列相类似的事件。v a line of people, vehicles moving toward in order (庆祝)游行v on parade: 在游行v The Olympic Games began with a parade of all the competing nations. 奥运会以所有参赛国的运动员列队进场作为开始。v The general inspected the parade. 将军在阅兵式中检阅了部队。v an obvious display of sth., particularly in order to
46、 impress other people炫耀，夸耀v make a parade of sth.: show ones skill, knowledge, etc. off夸耀, 炫示v I dislike the way he makes a parade of his knowledge in front of me. 我讨厌他在我面前卖弄知识的样子。43paradev v. 游行v The strikers paraded through the city center. 罢工者游行穿过城市中央。v 夸耀v parade ones skill炫耀自己的技术v He is always
47、parading his wealth / his knowledge.他总爱夸耀自己的财富/知识。44condensev a condensed reportv 简短的报告v A long story can sometimes be condensed into a few sentences. v cans of condensed soupv 浓缩汤罐头v Steam is condensed(冷凝） into water when it touches a cold surface. 45intensivev intensive carev （重病）深切治疗；特别护理v ICUv 重
48、症监护室 intensive care unitv labor-intensive 劳动密集型v capital-intensive 资金密集型v energy-intensive 能源密集型v knowledge-intensive 知识密集型v intense adj. 强烈的；紧张的v intensify v. 增强，强化v intensity n. 强烈，剧烈，紧张；强度46lickv lick one s lipsv to feel eager and excited because you are expecting to get something goodv 舔嘴唇（表示期待或
49、者满足）；热切盼望v lick ones woundsv to quietly think about the defeat or disappointment you have just sufferedv （失败后）为自己感到难过47strategicv a strategic decisionv 战略性决定v strategic materialsv 战略物资48scratchv scratch ones headv 搔头；抓头皮（表示对问题或事情感到为难）v scratch the surfacev 触及（某事的）表面49logv log in / onv 进入电脑系统v log ou
50、t / offv 退出（停止使用）电脑系统50nowherev nowhere nearv 一点也不；远远不v $100 will be nowhere near enough.v 100美元远远不够。51disposalv v.v dispose v at somebodys disposal:v available for someone to use Tanner had a lot of cash at his disposal . v somebody is at your (complete) disposal v (=someone is ready to help you in
