1、OutlineBackground informationThe storyQuestionsComments Daniel Defoe (1659-1661, 24. April 1731), was an English writer, journalist, and pamphleteer. Defoe is notable for being one of the earliest proponents of the novel, as he helped to popularize the form in Britain, and is even referred to by som
2、e as among the founders of the English novel. He wrote more than 500 books, pamphlets, and journals on various topics .He was also a pioneer of economic journalism.someone who writes pamphlets giving political opinions Robinson Crusoe was written in the middle of 17th century. At that time, the bour
3、geois revolution was just over. Robinson was epitome of the society. The novel showed the time spirit that advocated freedom and development. At the same time, it showed Benthamism in the world. The full title should be The Life and Strange Surprising Adventure of Robinson Crusoe. It is based upon t
4、he experiences of Alexander Selkirk, who had been marooned in an island off the coast of Chile and who had been lived there in solitude for five years. The first voyage The second voyage The endMain Story Crusoe leaves England, setting sail on a sea voyage in September 1651, against the wishes of hi
5、s parents, who wants him to stay home and become a businessman. The first timeThis journey ends in disaster as the ship is taken over by pirates, and he becomes the slave of a Moor. He manages to escape in a boat. With the help of a ship captain, Crusoe becomes owner of a plantation in Brazil. Years
6、 later, he joins an expedition to bring slaves from Africa, but is caught in a storm about forty miles out to sea on an island. His companions all die. Having overcome his despair ,he lived on the island for 28 years. The second timeHe takes arms, tools, and other supplies from the ship before it br
7、eaks apart and sinks. Building a house Coconut juiceRaising goats Raising goatsGrowing riceHe keeps a calendar by making marks in a wooden cross .Keeping Diary Keeping diaryReading Holy Bible思索中的鲁滨孙思索中的鲁滨孙Saving Friday Later, an English ship appears. Crusoe and the ships captain strike a deal, in wh
8、ich he helps the captain retake the ship from the mutineers . They leaves the worst of the mutineers on the island. Crusoe leaves the island on December 19th, 1686, and arrives back in England on June 11th, 1687. At the last, Robinson returns to the island, finding that its prosperous, so he leaves
9、with great satisfactory. The endWhy does Robinson succeed in surviving ?He is the only one lived. This is the Gods will. He gets a quantity of necessities from the boat. This is the Gods gift. He keeps dairy and reads Holy Bible to get positive attitude.He has ever lived in human society for years,
10、so he has mastered some skills to survive.uWhat are the stages Robinson experiences in the island? What is the point in each one? uSurvive or die，this is a serious question to consider.uRobinson adjusted his hopelessness and pessimism to live strongly and happily. The problem of survival The food ,
11、the drinks, the house and the clothes are what people need to live. The physical problemThe mental problem Writing dairy to reflect the situation he was in; getting a lesson and hoping to be understood；settling on the island. How to understand his dairies, reading Holy Bible and other ways of prayin
12、g?The dairy is used to record life, comfort himself and face to himself. Besides, it shows his mental need as a civilian, to soothe his spirits care ，and reflect on his situation.Living on the uninhabited island，he has reason to believe in the existence of God( in this book the author says many time
13、s of the Holy Bible and Robinsons pray). With such premise, he has the moral support and to live meaningfully.1.Adventurous2.Strong-minded3.Persistent4.Hard-working5.Pragmatic6.Cherishing life7.grateful Robinson is a full adventurer. Robinson is not satisfied with the mediocre middle-class family li
14、fe, there is always an impulse to overseas expeditions. He is always in action, in pursuit. With his perseverance and passion, Robinson establishes his own material and spiritual Kingdom on a desert island . When he first comes to the desert island, Robinson is not threatened by difficulties, with f
15、aith in God, he is convinced that as long as we use our own ingenuity and industrious hands, we will be able to open up a new world. With his own hands, he creates all the bare necessities of life. Robinson is an ideal image of the capitalist class. He used to be a colonist, and just because he leav
16、es for Africa. Before others appear on the island, he announces that: All of the island is mine. On the island, the only way to seek comfort and relief is to get help from the imagination of religion-turn to God. Robinson often thinks of the Bible and pray in difficult circumstances. Comments Robins
17、on Crusoe has a large influence in colonial, religious, moral, and economic aspects. Robinson Crusoe marks the beginning of realistic fiction as a literary genre. Its success leads to many imitators and castaway novels became quite popular in Europe in the 18th and early 19th centuries. It is first and foremost a middle class book, offering justifications for the class forthcoming rise to pre-dominance in national life. The 18th century emphasis on society, a middle class value, is well illustrated in the book.
