1、Lesson 38 My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean meditreinin for many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. Almost
2、immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He ha
3、d hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.地中海式气候地中海式气候位于副热带纬度的大陆西岸，约在纬度3040之间，包括地中海沿岸、美国加里福尼亚州沿海、南美智利中部沿海、南非的南端和澳大利亚的南端。它是处在热带半干旱气候与温带海洋性气候之间的过渡地带。这些地区受气压带季节位
4、移影响显著，夏季受副热带高气压控制，气流下沉，因而除大陆西部沿海受寒流影响外，夏温十分炎热，下沉气流不利兴云致雨，所以气候干燥；冬季受西风影响，温和湿润。全年雨量适中，年降水量在3001，000毫米毫米之间，主要集中在冬季。 温带海洋性气候温带海洋性气候位于大陆西岸，南、北纬4060地区。终年处在西风带，深受海洋气团影响，沿岸又有暖流经过，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，最冷月平均气温在0以上，最热月在22以下，气温年、日较差都小。全年都有降水，秋冬较多，年降水量在1，000 毫毫米米以上，在山地迎风坡可达2，0003，000 毫米以上。这种气候在西欧最为典型，分布面积最大，在南、北美大陆西岸相应的纬度地
5、带以及大洋洲的塔斯马尼亚岛和新西兰等地也有分布。 New words and expressions except prep. 除了 Mediterranean n. meditreinin (the )地中海 complain v. 抱怨 continually adv. 不断地 bitterly adv. 刺骨地 sunshine n. 阳光 except prep. 除了 except /except for /besides /apart from except vt. 1.略去，删去；不计；把除外，免除 When I say that the boys are lazy, I exc
6、ept you. You will be punished, I can except no one. 2.prep. 除外 I know nothing about him except that he lives next door. Liz would have run, except that she didnt want to appear to be in a hurry . except 与besides 区别： besides 表示“除 以外，（还，也）”，相当于 in addition to. Besides English, they also study math, ph
7、ysics and chemistry 除了英语以外，他们还学习数学，物理和化学。 注意: 不要将besides和beside 混淆。beside是“在旁边”的意思。 except 与 except for区别： except for 也表示“除 以外”， except 连用的整体词和 except 所跟的词常常是同类的，是指整体除去一部份; 而与 except for 连用的整体词与 except for 所跟的词往往不是同类的，是指整体中除去 一个细节。 Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. Except
8、for an old lady, the bus was empty. 除了有一个老太太以外， 这辆公共汽车是空的。 apart from 表示“除 之外”。 根据上、下文的不同，它既可用作 besides, 也可用作 except 和 except for。 Apart from them, I had no one to talk to. （= except） Apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. (=besides） (It is) Good work apart from a few slight faults.
9、 (= except for） Mediterranean n (the )地中海 Mediterranean n.地中海（=Mediterranean sea, 位于欧, 亚, 非三大洲之间）, 地中海沿岸的居民 adj.地中海的, 地中海民族的 complain v 抱怨 complain to sb : 向某人抱怨 / complain of/about : 抱怨某事 continually adv. 不断地 continue v. 继续, 连续, 延伸 continuously : 连续不断地 / continually : 连续地, 频繁地(时断时续) the baby cries
10、continually. bitterly adv 刺骨地 bitterly cold : 刺骨地寒冷: Its bitterly cold. chilly : 寒冷的 bitterly disappointed : 彻底的失望: I am bitterly disappointed. disappoint vt.使失望 bitter adj. 苦的；严重的 Eg:The medicine tastes bitter. sunshine n 阳光 也可直接用 “sun” 表示阳光 a drop of : 一缕 a drop of sunshine一缕阳光根据所给的汉语意思写出单词，并用其正确形
11、式填空。根据所给的汉语意思写出单词，并用其正确形式填空。 1. He _(抱怨)to me about the food yesterday. 2. That boy is crying _(不断地). 3. She sat in the garden enjoying the _(阳光). 4. We go there every day _(除了)Sunday. 5. It is _(刺骨地)cold today. 6. She _(做梦)that she could fly last night. 7. My father will _(退休)next year. 8. My legs
12、were so weak that I could _(几乎不)stand. Notes on the textNotes on the text 【Key structures】关键句型 1.过去完成时 2.no sooner.than. 3.hardly.when. 过去完成时：表示过去某一时间和动作之前已经发生或完成了的过去完成时：表示过去某一时间和动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或一直持续的动作即动作或一直持续的动作即过去的过去过去的过去。 过去完成时态的标志： 1.和by+过去时间点连用，如： By the time, by then, by last year, by the end
13、 of last year/month., by five oclock yesterday, evening. By the end of last term, they had learned 10 English words 2和before+过去时间点连用 We had arrived the station before ten oclock. 3和up till/until+过去时间点连用，如：up till then, up until last night. Li Lei had washed the dishes till then. 结构构成：had + V-过去分词 My
14、 old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. dream of : 想, 梦见(梦想) retire v. 退休 settle down 定居 plan: plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事 当plan,think,expect,hope intend
15、 用于过去完成时表示“原来/本来/打算/希望做某事” We had hoped that they would be able to visit us. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. no sooner.than : (关联词)一.就. 同义as soon as,the moment,on doing had no sooner done.than一般过去时, 固定用法 (时态结构 : 完成时态 + than + 一般过去时) he had no sooner arri
16、ved than he called me up. no sooner放在句首就要倒装 : No sooner had he arrived than he called me up(倒装) Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. almost immediately : 几乎马上, 很快地 (时间上的快, 常用于写作) bitterly
17、 cold 刺骨地冷 for : (连词)表示因为(解释说明, 附加的)because因为(一定要说的) even though-从句的连词, 即使(让步状语从句) even though I came here, my mind was absent尽管我人来了, 但我还是心不在焉 for+并列句, 做主句 for: 1说明目的:因为，为了（课文为这个意思） 2表示方面：往，向。 The train for London had gone 3表示所属：为。 This film is for children. 4表示时间、距离：到达。 They wont be there for long.
18、 After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. so many years : 这么多年 after + . after it rained for days = after so many days of rain 在这么多天雨之后 after seven years of hard work, he was successful after ten years of staying in abroad, he decided to return and settle down get a shock : 吓了一跳, 吃了一惊
19、He acted as if he had never lived in England before. as if+句子 : 似乎, 好像 过去完成时, 虚拟语气, 与事实相反, 后面的条件是假的 如果是陈述式的话，表示从某些情况来看，所表达的事情是如果是陈述式的话，表示从某些情况来看，所表达的事情是真实的。真实的。 Eg:It looks as if its going to rain. Eg:It looks as if its going to rain. 看上去要下雨了。看上去要下雨了。 he acted as if he was poor. he acted as if he wa
20、s poor. my leg hurts as if it was broken. my leg hurts as if it was broken. as if = as though 好像（as if引导的从句，谓语动词一般用虚拟语气）1.在look，seem 等系动词后引导表语。如： It seems as if it were winter today. She looks as if she were 10 years old.2.引导方式状语从句。如： She acted as if she had never lived in London before.（had+ V过去分词表
21、示与过去的事情相反） In the end, it was more than he could bear. 他再也不能忍受 (口语常用) It was more than I could understand. I cant affard it it was more than I can affard. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. settle down : 定居 hardly.when.:还没来得及.就.; 用法同no sooner . than ha
22、rdly had sb done (hardly在句首, 要倒装) have time to do sth : 有时间做某事 I have no time to talk with you. 我没时间和你说话 I have time enough to have coffee. 我有足够的时间喝咖啡 The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather. think of : 想(思维的活动), 考虑 except : 除.外, 减号关系
23、 【Special Difficulties】 难点: Words often confused and misused 经常容易混淆和误用的词 Study these sentences: 细读以下的例句 : a No sooner.than (一就); hardly.when (几乎未来得及就) He had no sooner returned than he bought a house. (11.3-4) He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house. (1.9) no sooner.than.一.就. ha
24、rdly.when.几乎没来得及.就. as soon as.一.就. 三者的意思非常相近，所以有时候也可以互换. 如:我刚到教室，铃声就响了 1. I had no sooner arrived at the classroom than the bell rang 2. As soon as I arrived at the classroom, the bell rang. 3. I had hardly arrived at the classroom when the bell rang. 注意，如果no sooner/hardly 放于句首的时候，句子要主谓倒装 4. No soo
25、ner had I arrived at the classroom than the bell rang. Hardly had I arrived at the classroom when the bell rang b Country (国家, 乡间) and Countryside (农村). He had planned to settle down in the country. (1.3) He sold the house and left the country. (1.9) The countryside around Vienna is very beautiful.
26、维也纳周围的乡村非常漂亮. c Continuously (连续不断地) and Continually (频繁地). It rained continually. (1.6) (i. e. At frequent intervals.) 天频繁地下雨. The river flows under this bridge continuously. (i. e. It does not stop at all.) 河水不停地从桥下流过. Exercises 练习 A Join these sentences using no sooner than: 用no sooner than连接下列句子
27、: 1 I had left the house. It began to rain. 2 We had hung the picture on the wall. It fell down. No sooner.than. No sooner 放在had done 中间, than 放在两大句子的中间, 不需要逗号 B Choose the correct words in the following sentences: 选用适当的词填空 : 1 The sea moves (continuously) (continually). 2 He borrows money from peop
28、le (continuously) (continually). 3 The Robertsons do not live here anymore. They now live in the (countryside) (country). 1 countinuously 2 continually 3 country The Robertsons 表示一家人 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 5 It was more than he could bear. He couldnt bear it _. a. more b. longer c. any lon
29、ger d. no more 5. not any more / not any longer / not any further不再 not more less比.少 / not longer不是更长 4 He acted _ he had never lived in England before. a. as though b. like c. as d. even if 4. as if as though 作宾语 act as if/though习惯用法 as if 是宾语从句 as 后面可以加句子, like 后面加词, as if 加在后面只能作状语 even if即使 11 H
30、e_ as if he had never lived in England before. a. made b. did c. conducted d. behaved 11. do as I did 按我所做的做 seem as if看起来象什么 / act as if 行为象什么一样 / look as if 看起来象什么一样 conduct可以做动词, 表示行为, behave 但conduct为不及物动词, 如果作及物动词, 加oneself 他表现的很好, he conducted himself well he behaved (as) well Rewrite the foll
31、owing sentences using the joining words in parentheses: 用括号中的连词改写以下句子 : 1 He bought an old car. It was in a very bad state.(but) 2 The engine was worn out. The gearbox was full of sawdust. (The engine.not only.but.as well) 3 He could not drive it. He could no sell it. He could not even give it away.
32、 (neither.nor.nor) 1. in a bad state 状态不太好 though 虽然, even though 即使even if 这些词出现在两句之间, 就不再加but 2. worn out 破旧不堪的 wear wore worn engine n.发动机, 机车, 火车头 / gearbox n.变速箱 sawdust n.锯屑, 木头屑子 saw n.锯 v.锯 / dust n.灰尘, 尘土, 尘埃 vt.掸掉.上的灰尘, 撒糖于糕上 not only出现在句首要倒装 the engine was not only worn out but the gearbo
33、x was full of sawdust 3. He could neither drive it nor sell it nor even give it away. He could neither drive it nor sell it even nor give it away. (这样写更好) Neither do sth nor do sth nor do sth 既不能也不能更不能 1.He had lived here for many years before he_ England. 2.He had often _ retiring in England. 3.And
34、 he had planed to _in the country. 4.He had _returned _ he bought a house and went to live there. 5.For_it was still summer,it rained continually. 6.After so many years of sunshine,he _. 7.He had _ everything _ the weather. 1. He _ to play _ before he was 11 years old. A had learned, piano B. had le
35、arned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. 2. What _ Annie _ by the time he was ten? A. did, do B. did, did C. has, doneD. had done 3 .He _ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army. A. has worked B. works C. had workedD. will work4. By the end of last week, they _ t
36、he bridge. A. has completedB. completed C. will completeD. had completed 用动词的适当形式填空用动词的适当形式填空1. We _ (paint) the house before we _ (move) in.2. That rich old man _ (make) a will before he _ (die).3. They _ (study) the map of the country before they _ (leave).4. The robbers _ (run away ) before the p
37、olicemen _ (arrive).5. Tom _ (say) he _ (read) the book twice.10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. （对划线部分提问）（对划线部分提问）11.She had written the book by the end of 1960. （对划线部分提问）对划线部分提问）12.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. （用（用过去完成时连接两句）过去完成时连接两句） How long had yo
38、u had the toys before you gave them to the child? What had she written by the end of 1960? We ate the dumplings after we had cooked them. 13.Jims father mended the car. It was broken. （用过去（用过去完成时连接两句）完成时连接两句）14.We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去用过去完成时连接两句完成时连接两句) After we _, we _ 15.
39、He showed us a picture. Then he showed us around the house. 用过去完成时连接两句用过去完成时连接两句) Before he _, he_. The car had been broken before Jims father mended it. had had our tests had a long holiday showed us around the house had showed us a picture My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean fo
40、r many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still
41、 summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather. Class is over! Have a nice day
