1、 四川省历年中考真题分类汇编：阅读理解（一） （科普类）四川省历年中考真题分类汇编：阅读理解（一） （科普类） 一、阅读理解一、阅读理解 阅读理解 Have you ever imagined the life in space? The following will show you the astronauts daily life. Eating in space If you go camping for more than a week with some friends, you will make sure you have plenty of foods and keep th
2、em properly. At the end of your camping trip, you would deal with your rubbish properly before the ride home. Astronauts almost do the same thing when they go to space. Preparation changes with the food type. Some foods can be eaten in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other f
3、oods require adding water, such as cheese. Of course, an oven is provided at the space station to heat the food. But there are no fridges, so space food must be kept properly. Sleeping in space After a long day at work, nothing is better than a good nights sleep! Just like on the earth, in space ast
4、ronauts go to bed at a certain time, then get up and prepare for work again. When going to sleep, they have to attach themselves, so they dont float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies against something. They usually use sleeping bags located in small crew cabins (乘员舱). Each crew cabin is just big enoug
5、h for one person. Generally, astronauts have an eight-hour sleep each day when they finish their task. Doing sports in space Exercise is an important part of every astronauts daily life to prevent muscle loss (肌肉萎缩). Usually, astronauts exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 pounds on the earth m
6、ay be a lot of work. But lifting that same object in space would be much easier. That means the things for exercise need to be specially designed, so astronauts can receive the exercise needed. Living in space is not just all work and no play. Astronauts have fun, too. They like to look out the wind
7、ow and play with their food. Fun plays an important role in the quality of their life. 1The writer starts to explain eating in space by . Atelling a story Basking a question Cgiving an example Dcomparing two facts 2What does the underlined word attach in Paragraph 4 mean? ATie. BHide. CCatch. DCarry
8、. 3It is much easier for people in space than on the earth. Ato fall asleep Bto lift heavy things Cto prevent muscle loss Dto eat cold food 4In which part of a newspaper can we read the passage? ACULTURE. BSOCIETY. CSCIENCE. DHISTORY. 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 In 1987 a small compan
9、y named Huawei was started in Shenzhen. After more than 30 years of development, the company has now beaten Apple and become the worlds second largest maker of smartphones. It has also become the worlds supplier (供应者) of 5G. In China and even in the world, Huawei is a wonder. Although it started pro
10、ducing mobile phones not many years ago, it has become one of the most famous phone companies. But recently, Huawei faces some difficulties. The US government made a law to stop its sales in America. American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government. At the
11、same time, the US government planned to stop selling parts and services to Huawei. They believed that Huaweis business would be hurt this way. We have never received such a request from the Chinese government and we have never tried to get into other systems to collect information, Ren Zhengfei, Hua
12、weis president said. The law would have little effect on our company. Huawei has enough ability to deal with the problems, Ren added. In an interview several years ago, Ren Zhengfei said, I started Huawei with only 4000 at the beginning, but now it has become a 100 billion company. The experience wa
13、s not as romantic as you imagine. Facing the law of the US, Huawei is growing. Huaweis smartphone sales around the world rose 50 percent compared with a year earlier in the first three months of 2019. At the same time, sales from both Samsung and Apple fell. So far Huawei has grown into the worlds l
14、argest telecommunication equipment supplier (供应商), selling in 170 countries. It may beat Samsung as the largest smartphone maker in the near future. 5How many kinds of smartphones are mentioned in total in this passage? AOne. BTwo. CThree. DFour. 6Which of the following sentences is TRUE according t
15、o the passage? AHuawei collected the information for the Chinese government. BRen Zhengfei started Huawei with only 4000 in 1987. CHuawei has beaten Samsung, a South-Korea phone maker so far. DHuawei has developed its business smoothly. 7What does the underlined word romantic in Paragraph 4 mean in
16、Chinese? A浪漫的 B现实的 C成功的 D麻烦的 8The last paragraph mainly tells us . AHuawei has become one of the most famous phone companies. BHuawei has become the largest maker of smartphones in the world. CHuawei has got into some systems of the US. DHuawei is full of hope and must succeed in the future. 阅读理解 A
17、new kind of sea sponge(海绵） found in Norfolk, England, has been named by a nine-year-old girl after a competition for local schools. The unique purple sponge, which had never been seen in other parts of the world, was first discovered by divers(潜水者) off the north Norfolk coast. Although found in 2011
18、, it had been without a name for almost ten years. In January this year, the Marine Conservation Society (MCS)- a group of people who work to protect the UKs seas and coast - asked local schoolchildren to come up with suggestions. Now the sponge has a name to be proud of: parpal dumplin, as suggeste
19、d by nine-year-old Sylvie from Langham Village School. Sylvie said she came up with the name because “the sponge is purple and it looks like a dumpling”. Parpal dumpling is “purple dumpling” spoken in a Norfolk accent(口音). The judges all agreed that Sylvies suggestion should be the sponges name beca
20、use “the spelling gives the sponge a strong connection to Norfolk”. Sponges were once thought to be plants but they are actually simple sea animals. They feed on tiny things in sea water and help to keep the water clean in the process. Sponges have a very “lazy” lifestyle, with no means of moving th
21、emselves around. They are found on the seabed, rocks or even shells. They come in all kinds of different colours, shapes and sizes. Parpal dumplin was first discovered in a place called the Cromer Shoal Chalk Beds as part of a project called Seasearch. When diver Dawn Watson showed sponge expert Cla
22、ire Goodwin what she found, Goodwin was sure that it was a kind of sponge unknown to science. Watsons discovery is a special sponge, which takes the shape of whatever it covers. Parpal dumplin will now become its common name, and will be used until researchers have learned enough about it to suggest
23、 an official scientific one. 9What does the underlined word “unique” probably mean? Astrange and ugly Bspecial and unusual Csoft and beautiful Dmeaningful and important 10Why was the name parpal dumplin chosen? ABecause it sounds interesting. BBecause Sylvie won the competition. CBecause the sponge
24、really looks like a purple dumpling. DBecause its spelling is related to the place where it was found. 11What can we learn about sponges from Paragraph 4? AThey help clean up sea water. BThey are of the same size. CThey dont like moving around. DThey are actually sea plants. 12Which is true about pa
25、rpal dumplin? AIt has many colors. BIt was found 20 years ago. CIt has only one shape. DIt was scientifically unknown before. 13What do we know from the last sentence? AParpal dumplin is a common sponge. BParpal dumplin is the sponges official name. CTheres still a lot to be learned about parpal dum
26、plin. DResearchers suggested an official name for the sponge. 14阅读理解 Its a common belief that fish cant remember anything for longer than seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that every moment in their lives would be like seeing the world for the first time. But dont be so quick to feel sorry for
27、 them. A new study has found that fish have much better memories than we used to think. In the study, researchers from Mac Ewan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food. They took the fish out and then waited for 12 days be
28、fore putting them back in the tank again. They found that after such a long break the fish sill went to the same place where they first got food. In fact, scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. But there was no clear evidence until the latest fin
29、dings. Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to survive in the wild. If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains (容纳) safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives in danger, lead resear
30、cher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science. So next time you are watching your pet fish from outside the tank, perhaps you should feel close to them-they may remember who you are. （1）We often feel sorry for fish because _. Athey have bad memories Bthey cant remember anything Cthey are often used for res
31、earch Devery moment in their lives is new （2）Why did the researchers carry out the research? ATo know if fish can find food easily. BTo find out if fish have better memories. CTo tell us fish can live for days without water. DTo show fish can live long without eating things. （3）What does the underli
32、ned word tank in Paragraph 2 mean? AA kind of fish food. BA kind of hiding place. CA container for holding water. DA container for keeping fish. （4）Which is true according to Trevor Hamilton? AFish know where to get food. BIts easy for fish to live in the wild. CA good memory can make fish safer in
33、the wild. DFish are often in danger when they look for food. （5）Where does this article probably come from? AA story book. BA science magazine. CA news report. DA travel book. 15阅读理解 Whats going to happen in the future? Will robots control our planet? Will computers become smarter than us? Not likel
34、y. But here are some things that scientists say are most likely to happen in 10-30 years from now, according to the BBC. Bionic (仿生的仿生的) Eyes They are no longer something, only in a science fiction movie. People who are blind may have a chance to see things clearlyby wearing bionic eyes. A blind eye
35、 can no longer sense sight, but a bionic eye can use a camera to see the environment and send information to the mind. Now the bionic eye only allows patients to see lights and unclear shapes. A bionic eye with very clear pictures could be just in a few years away. Digital Money We used to pay with
36、cash for everything we bought. Now we can use Wechat Pay or Alipay to shop, money is spent without seeing it. That means we are already using digital money. People only need to take a mobile phone wherever they go. Using these ways is much easier than searching our pockets for change. It is also saf
37、er than carrying a lot of cash. It is reported that people in Sweden completely stopped using cash last year, and the US might be the next. Self-driving Cars Unlike a human driver, a self-driving car wont be influenced by a phone call, the radio or something outside the window. Sensors (探测器) and cam
38、eras on the car would allow it to follow the rules of the road strictly and keep a safe space from other cars. This would greatly make the number of road accidents smaller. You can even take a short rest while the car drives itself. In the future, driverless cars would be widely accepted. （1）Which o
39、f the following payments is not mentioned in this passage? ACash BWechat Pay CAlipay DCredit card （2）Bionic eyes send information to the_. Amind Bcamera Ccomputer Dheart （3）From the report, we can learn some information about_. Aindustry and farming Btraffic and journey Cscience and technology Dcult
40、ure and art （4）The passage tells us that_. Abionic eyes only appear in the science fiction films Bthe blind wearing bionic eyes may see clearly in the future Cself-driving cars will be influenced by something outside Dthere will be no accidents at all if self-driving cars are used （5）We can infer (推
41、断) that_ from the passage. Athere would be a number of self-driving cars on the road Brobots would control the world Cthe blind could use glasses to see things around Dwe would live a hard life with digital money 16阅读理解 Do you know 5G? It is the fifth generation (代) of mobile network technology. The
42、se new networks are coming. China just issued commercial licenses (发放商用牌照) for 5G on June 6, 2019. This means that Chinas telecom companies will be able to offer 5G networks for mobile phone users. Each mobile network generation is faster and more powerful than the one before it. 1G let us talk to e
43、ach other. 2G let us send messages. 3G gave us data (数据) and the Internet. And 4G made all of these things faster. Whats special about 5G? 5G has a very short delaybetween sending and receiving information. Now, 4G takes about 100 to 200 milliseconds (毫秒) to send and receive data. But 5G will get it
44、 down to 1 millisecond or less-this is almost real-time. This big change will not only make our mobile Internet faster，but also deeply change our lives. Read on to find out how. 5G + entertainment (娱乐) 5G networks are about 100 times faster than 4G. This means you can download a movie in seconds usi
45、ng 5G. Also, virtual reality (VR) games will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real. 5G + transport 5C will also bring us safer self-driving cars. These cars can send signals (信号) to each other. They also talk to traffic lights and road sensors (传感
46、器). 5G will allow cars to react (反应) even faster than human drivers. 5G + smart homes 5G also makes the Internet of things possible. Internet of things is a large network that connects everything to the Internet. Smart homes are part of it. For example, your toaster can automatically (自动地) start mak
47、ing breakfast after your alarm rings. And if its sensor feels the air becoming dry, a smart sprinkler (洒水器) could water your plants by itself. （1）Whats the writers purpose in writing the third paragraph? ATo explain 5G is the best of all. BTo share his knowledge about 5G. CTo encourage people to use
48、 the new network technology. DTo show the development of mobile network technology. （2）What does the underlined word delay in paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A卡顿 B延时 C暂停 D掉线 （3）Which of the following ways is not mentioned that 5G will change peoples lives? AHealth care BEntertainment. CTransport. DSmar
49、t homes. （4）What will people do possibly with 5G according to the passage? ADownload a movie in minutes. BPut everything onto the Internet. CMake self-driving cars safer. DMake food more easily and faster. （5）Whats the main idea of the passage? A5G will change our lives in many ways. BMobile network
50、s are changing for better. C5G will make the Internet of things possible. D5G networks for mobile phone users are coming. 17阅读理解 For thousands of years, humans have explored(探索)the Earth. Nowadays, we are exploring space. Astronomers (天文学家) are the modernday explorers, Now, many astronomers are look
