1、组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，你所组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，你所知道的句子成分有哪些知道的句子成分有哪些? ?1. 1.主语主语(subject)(subject)2. 2.谓语谓语(predicate)(predicate)3. 3.宾语宾语(object (object -直宾直宾direct objectdirect object 间宾间宾indirect object)indirect object)4. 4.表语表语(predicative)(predicative)5. 5.定语定语(attribute)(attribute)6. 6.状语状语( (adverbial)adve
2、rbial)7. 7.补语补语( object complement)( object complement)1. 1.主语主语(subject)(subject)它是句子的主体部分，是它是句子的主体部分，是说明的对象，是动作的执说明的对象，是动作的执行者或发出者。主语通常行者或发出者。主语通常由名词、代词及动词由名词、代词及动词-ing-ing形形式等充当。式等充当。 Tom is good at playing the piano. Somking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. To read in the sun
3、 is bad for your eyes. What he has said is true.2. 2.谓语谓语(predicate)(predicate)它用来说明主语的状态或它用来说明主语的状态或主语所做的动作。它由一主语所做的动作。它由一个动词或动词短语构成，个动词或动词短语构成，也会由情态动词、也会由情态动词、bebe动词动词及助动词加动词构成。及助动词加动词构成。 The students are playing basketball. Lucy can speak English well. My father didnt listen to my advice. He runs
4、 every morning. David took part in the Football Club.3. 3.宾语宾语(object (object -直宾直宾direct objectdirect object 间宾间宾indirect object)indirect object)它表示动作的对象或承受它表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词者，一般位于及物动词(vt)(vt)（短语）和介词后面。间（短语）和介词后面。间接宾语通常是人，直接宾接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。语通常是物。 Mike loves swimming. I wanted to leave here. He
5、 enjoyed playing basketball. He gives me a pen. Alex gave his sister the piano. Mary handed me the letter. 7. 7.宾语补足语宾语补足语( object complement)( object complement)它补充说明宾语的动作它补充说明宾语的动作或状态，使句子的意义或状态，使句子的意义完整。完整。 I found the book interesting. They called their daughter Amy. We saw her entering the room.
6、 When he woke up, he found himself under the bed. They painted the door green. 洞(v)前有猪(主)洞(v)后有兵(宾)4. 4.表语表语(predicative)(predicative)它用以说明主语的身份、特征和它用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态。它一般位于系动词之后，状态。它一般位于系动词之后，由名词、代词、形容词、分词、由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及从句充当。语、副词及从句充当。常见的系动词有：常见的系动词有：1.be1.be：am, is, a
7、re, was, weream, is, are, was, were2. 2.感官感官：smell, feel, sound, taste, look.smell, feel, sound, taste, look.3. 3.变化变化：become, get, turn, go, come, get.become, get, turn, go, come, get.4. 4.持续性持续性: keep, remain, stay, stand.: keep, remain, stay, stand.5. 5.状态状态：seem, appear.seem, appear. The apple t
8、astes sweet. That was was over. He remained in poor health all those years. You looks unhappy today. The teacher was singing in the classroom. 5. 5.定语定语(attribute)(attribute)它起修饰限制名词或代词的它起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，分为前置定语和后置作用，分为前置定语和后置定语，一般由形容词性物主定语，一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、介词代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词或短语、动词不定式、分词或句子充当。句
9、子充当。 Xiao Ming is a clever boy. (adj.) There are 50 students in our class. (num.) The girl in red is his sister. China is a developing country. The man who is playing the guitar is Jack. 6. 6.状语状语( (adverbial)adverbial)它用于修饰动词、形容词、副它用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征，可表示时间、地点、态特征，可表示时间、地点、原因、
10、目的、结果、方式、伴原因、目的、结果、方式、伴随、条件、程度、让步等。随、条件、程度、让步等。 They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. We often go to school by bus. I like you very much. When I was young, I always listened to the radio.1. 1.主主+ +谓谓 All of us laughed!All of us laughed!2. 2.主主+ +系系+ +表表 She is beaut
11、iful.She is beautiful.3. 3.主主+ +谓谓+ +宾宾 I miss my grandma.I miss my grandma.4. 4.主主+ +谓谓+ +间宾间宾+ +直宾直宾 He told us a funny story.He told us a funny story.5. 5.主主+ +谓谓+ +宾补宾补 I found the bike old .I found the bike old .6. 6.主谓状主谓状 I run quickly.I run quickly.7. 7.主谓宾状主谓宾状 I had my first maths class at
12、 senior high school.I had my first maths class at senior high school.8. 8.there bethere be结构结构 There is an English Corner at our school.There is an English Corner at our school.基本句型基本句型1.I couldnt concentrate on the experiment.2.I felt much more confident.3.I want to make a good first impression.4.Tomorrow will be great. 5.I miss my friends from junior high school.6.We had our chemistry class in the science lab.7.I didnt feel awkward or frightened.8.Im not outgoing.ExercisesSVOSPSVOSPSVOSVOASPSP
