1、Welcome UnitSection 5 Discovering Useful Structures教学目标：Analyse basic sentence structures andmake use of itStep one: 英语句子成分概述： 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。句子成分包括主语(subject)、谓语(verb)、宾语(object)、表语(predicative)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)和补语(object complement)。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英语中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语）。次要成分有宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语。S
2、tep two：句子成分讲解一、主语：1.主语是句子要说明的人或物，是一个句子的主体，一般位于句首。2.常用名词或相当于名词的词（动词不定式或动名词）、代词、数词、名词化的形容词等充当。例如：We often speak English in class.（ ）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（ ）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（ ）Smoking does harm to the health.（ ）The rich should help the poor.（ ）When
3、 we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（ ）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（ ）代词数词不定式动名词名词化的形容词名词性从句it做形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式二、谓语：1. 说明主语的动作、状态和特征，一般放在主语的后面。2. 分类：1）、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成. 如：He practices running every morning.2）、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成.如： You may keep the
4、book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成. 如：We are students.三、宾语：动作行为的对象或承受者,放在及物动词或介词之后。They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（ ）The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（ ）How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（ ）They helped the old with their hous
5、ework yesterday.（ ）He pretended not to see me.（ ）I enjoy listening to popular music.（ ）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（ ）宾语种类：（宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语）双宾语（间接宾语(indirect object)+直接宾语直接宾语(direct object)）,例如：Lend me , please. 名词代词数词名词化形容词不定式短语动名词短语宾语从句四、表语：位于系动词（be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等
6、）之后,表主语的性质、状态和特征。Our teacher of English is an American.（ ）Is it yours?（ ）The weather has turned cold.（ ）The speech is exciting.（ ）Three times seven is twenty one?（ ）His job is to teach English.（ ）His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（ ）The machine must be out of order.（ ）Time is up. The class is over.（
7、）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（ ）名词代词形容词分词数词不定式动名词介词短语副词表语从句五、定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语.定语可由以下等成分表示：Qingzhou is a beautiful city.（ ）China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（ ） There are thirty women teachers is our school.（ ）His rapid progress in English made us surp
8、rised.（ ）Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（ ）The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（ ）He is reading an article about how to learn English.（ ）形容词分词名词代词不定式短语动名词介词短语六、状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语.可由以下形式表示：Light travels most quickly.（ ）He has lived in the c
9、ity for ten years.（ ）He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（ ）He is in the room making a model plane.（ ）Once you begin, you must continue.（ ）副词及副词性词组介词短语不定式短语分词短语状语从句七、补语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get,
10、have, let 等。如：His father named him Dongming.（ ）They painted their boat white.（ ）Let the fresh air in.（ ）You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.（ ）We saw her entering the room.（ ）We found everything in the lab in good order.（ ）We will soon make our city what your city is now.（ ）名词形容词副词不定式短语现在分
11、词介词短语从句Step three:英语句子的八种基本句型基本句型一： S V （主谓）基本句型二： S V P （主系表）基本句型三： S V O （主谓宾）基本句型四： S V IO DO（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五： S V O C （主谓宾宾补）基本句型六：S V A （主谓状）基本句型七：S V O A （主谓宾状）基本句型八：存现句：There be 结构Homework:练习一、划分句子中的成分1.A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step.2.I am an exchange student from the UK.3.M
12、ax meets Amy in the dining hall.4.I want to make a good first impression.5.He even told us a funny story.SVASVPASVOASVOSVIODO6.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.7.I couldnt concentrate on the experiment.8.There is a lot to explore at senior high.9. People spoke too quic
13、kly.10.The teacher lets the students do cool experiment.SVOCSVOSVASVOCThere be 存现句 练习二、正确翻译下列句子1.汤姆今天早上来晚了。（S V A）2.在船上发生了意外。(S V A)3.树叶变黄了。(S V P)4.老师发现教室里空空的。（S V O C ）5.我听见他在隔壁屋里唱歌。（S V O C）Tom was late this morning.An accident happened on board.The leaves turned yellow.The teacher found the clas
14、sroom empty.I heard him singing in the next door.6.我们下周开始上课。（S V O A）7.在我们学校有两个漂亮的湖。（There be 存现句）8.这个学校过去是一座荒山。（There be 存现句）9.妈妈给我买了一本字典。（S V IO DO ）10.看英文电影是我的爱好。（S V P ）We will start our class next week.There are two beautiful lakes in our school.There used to be a lonely hill.Mom bought me a dictionary.Watching English movies is my hobby.
