1、UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSListening and SpeakingListening and SpeakingListening and SpeakingIn this class, you will 1. collect information about Confucius and his ideas on education through listening;2. identify the English idioms used in the conversation.Leading-inLeading-inHave you heard about
2、Qufu? How much have you learnt about it?Have you heard about Qufu? How much have you learnt about it?Yes. Qufu has more than 2,500 years of history. Best known as the Yes. Qufu has more than 2,500 years of history. Best known as the hometown of Chinas first sage Confucius, it was the home of of his
3、hometown of Chinas first sage Confucius, it was the home of of his descendants who often ruled the place as feudal rulers - for many descendants who often ruled the place as feudal rulers - for many centuries.centuries.孔府孔府孔林孔林Look at some photos of Qufu and share what you can say about these places
4、. Before you listenBefore you listen，look at some photos of Qufu. What can you say about look at some photos of Qufu. What can you say about these places?these places?Activity 1Activity 1Temple of ConfuciusTemple of Confucius：The most famous and largest temple honouring the great sage，it is also a U
5、NESCO World Heritage Site. It covers 16，000 square metres and has 460 rooms. The main part consists of nine courtyards with several gates. Dacheng Hall stands at the centre and is the principal place for offering sacrifices to Confucius. Kong Kong Family MansionFamily Mansion：Located to the east of
6、the Temple of Confucius，this was the historical home of the descendants of Confucius from where they managed sites and ceremonies in Qufu. Today it is a museum. Cemetery Cemetery of Confuciusof Confucius：This is where Confucius and his descendants are buried. There are more than 10，000 of them，burie
7、d here over 2，000 years. The cemetery has had many renovations and extensions in its history. Listen to a conversation between a British tourist and a Chinese Listen to a conversation between a British tourist and a Chinese student in Qufustudent in Qufu，and then write down what they say about Confu
8、cius.and then write down what they say about Confucius.Activity 2Activity 2He was a wise man. He lived over 2，500 years ago. Confucius has over 3 million descendants.He was a great educator and had many ideas about education.He was one of the greatest minds in history.听力文本听力文本William： Excuse me，do y
9、ou speak English? Im looking for the Confucius Temple，but Im not good at mapstheyre my Achilles heel! Xiao Kong ：Oh，hello，yes. Come with meIm going to the temple right now. By the way，what does“Achilles heel”mean? William： Oh，it means that something is my weakness Im really bad with maps! So do you
10、know much about Confucius? Hes one of my favourite philosophers. He was such a wise man. Xiao Kong ：Oh，yes. I was born here. In fact，I believe I am a descendant of Confucius himself. William： No way，youre pulling my leg，right? So how do you know youre related to Confucius? Didnt he live over 2，500 y
11、ears ago? Xiao Kong：Yes，but his family tree is well recorded. He has over three million descendants. Sorry again，what does“pulling my leg”mean? William： Oh，sorry，it means to joke with someone. Anyway，so youre actually going to the temple to pay respects to your relative? Xiao Kong ：Well，yes. But Im
12、also meeting my study group there. We are doing a research project on Confucius ideas on education. You know，Confucius was a great educator，and he had many great ideas about education. For example，he talked about the relation-ship between learning and reflecting. He believed that learning without re
13、flecting leads to confusion.Oh，look，the temple is just over there. 听力文本听力文本William：Oh，great! Whats that big building over there? Xiao Kong：Oh，thats the famous Dacheng Hall. You know，its so well-respected in Qufu that no other building in the city can be taller than it. William： Wow，now thats respect
14、. Thats a little bit like my hometownStratford-upon-Avon. Xiao Kong：Wait，you mean where Shakespeare was from? What a coincidenceConfucius and Shakespeare，two of the greatest minds in history! I really want to visit the UKIm really interested in British history and culture. William： Oh，thats great! S
15、o later we can go for a cup of tea and have a chat about it. And it would be great if you could take me somewhere to get my watch fixed. Xiao Kong：OK，no problem! So come and meet my study groupwe can tell you all about the temple. And how long are you staying in Qufu? I can show you the Cemetery of
16、Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion as well. William： Really? Thats so kind! I need all the help I can getIm like a fish out of water! Listen again and decide whether these statements are trueListen again and decide whether these statements are true（T T），），falsefalse（F F），），or not mentionedor not
17、mentioned（NMNM）. Then answer the question. Then answer the question.Activity 3Activity 3Listen and check1. Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion.2. Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy.3. As one of Confucius descendants, Xiao Kongs name is rec
18、orded in the family tree.4. Dacheng Hall is the tallest building in Qufu.NMTreflectingConfucius ideas on education.Think about the questionWhy do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu? A. There are famous halls in his hometown. B. There are no tall buildings in his hometown. C. Bot
19、h places have a famous person who was born there. D. His hometown doesnt allow other buildings to be more noticeable than the historic buildings.Understand idioms Understand idioms An idiom is an expression which means something different from An idiom is an expression which means something differen
20、t from the meaning of the individual words. Some idioms present an idea the meaning of the individual words. Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning. Other or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning. Other idioms can only be understood from the
21、context in which they idioms can only be understood from the context in which they appear. appear. Write down the English idioms that are used in the conversation. Write down the English idioms that are used in the conversation. Explain their meanings and think about some Chinese equivalents.Explain
22、 their meanings and think about some Chinese equivalents.Activity 4Activity 4something that is someones weaknessto joke with someoneSomeone who feels uncomfortable because they are in an nfamiliar place弱点；要害戏弄如芒在背Discuss the questions in groups.Discuss the questions in groups.Activity 5Activity 51Wh
23、at do you know about Confucius ideas on education? Think of two or three examples. What else do you know about Confucius and his philosophy? 2 Think about a historic site that you have visited，and give an introduction to its history and importance. Education was one of Confucius core values. He beli
24、eved learning about the past would help us know the future. He also thought education helped our confidence which would help bring peace and rosperity. He also thought it was important to use and apply what we have learnt in our education. Confucius was a great thinker，educator，and philosopher. His
25、principles had a great influence on Chinese traditions and beliefs. He believed strongly in strong family loyalty and respect for others. He believed in the so-called“golden rule”of philosophy：Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you（己所不欲，勿施于人）. I visited the Mogao Caves with my
26、family recently. They are famous for their amazing paintings and statues. They were constructed over many dynasties and are an important record of tradition and belief in China during that time.Read this part of the poem “If”written by British poet Rudyard Read this part of the poem “If”written by B
27、ritish poet Rudyard Kipling. Notice the linking sounds. Then mark the linking sounds after Kipling. Notice the linking sounds. Then mark the linking sounds after the model.the model.PronunciationPronunciationActivity Activity 1 1Language points核心词汇1 be similar to 1 be similar to 和相似【用法比较用法比较】be simi
28、lar in 在方面相似【归纳拓展归纳拓展】be the same as 与相同 be different from 与不同be different in 在方面不同2 Achillesheel2 Achillesheel（喻）（希腊神话）阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点Adams Achilles heel is that he is not confident.Adams Achilles heel is that he is not confident.亚当的致命弱点是他不自信。 【归纳拓展】英语常用习语：pull sb.s leg pull sb.s leg 同某人开玩笑 fly off t
29、he handle fly off the handle 大发雷霆 over the moon over the moon 欣喜若狂 laugh ones head laugh ones head（s s）off off 大笑不止，狂笑不已 be all ears be all ears 全神贯注地听，洗耳恭听 be childs play be childs play 极容易做；轻而易举 green fingers green fingers 园艺技能 last straw last straw 救命稻草an early bird an early bird 早起的人 a wet blank
30、et a wet blanket 扫兴的人 a lucky dog a lucky dog 幸运儿 a tough nut a tough nut 难对付的人fish out of water fish out of water 因环境不熟悉而感到不舒服或尴尬的人QufuThe historic sites of QufuConfuciusTemple of ConfuciusConfucius ideas on educationCemetery of ConfuciusKong Family MansionSummary Homework1. Read the listening material aloud.2. Prepare an oral presentation about “An introduction of a historic site”.THE END
