1、To master the grammar: the -ing form as the object complement and the adverbialDescribe peoples actions, using ing forms.Hearing the bad news, he was very sad.Seeing her mother , she was happy.Thinking of some terrible memories, he was sad. Read the sentences below and discuss the function and meani
2、ng of each ing form. Then find more examples from the unit.1. her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.As the adverbialThough Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her life.2. Thinking of all the peopl
3、e still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.3. The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.As the adverbialAs the object complementAt times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. (That is, They saw her riding a donkey)动词
4、动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，兼有动词和形容词的特征，形式是非谓语动词的一种，兼有动词和形容词的特征，在句中可作表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，一般表示进行或在句中可作表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，一般表示进行或主动的意思。主动的意思。动词动词-ing形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，动词动词-ing形式所表示的动作和句子的主语是主动关系。形式所表示的动作和句子的主语是主动关系。动词动词-ing形式在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、形式在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、程度和结果状语。伴随、程度和结果状语。
5、动词动词-ing形式作状语形式作状语1. 作时间状语作时间状语 eg Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。 分析：分析：see的动作是由其逻辑主语的动作是由其逻辑主语“he”发出发出，与句子的主语，与句子的主语he一致，且构成一致，且构成主动关系主动关系，所以用，所以用动词动词-ing形式形式。将下面的时间状语从句改写成简单句。将下面的时间状语从句改写成简单句。When he walked out of the room, he saw a dog.Walking out of t
6、he room, he saw a dog.2. 作原因状语作原因状语 eg Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday. 因为因为生病了，他昨天没有上学。生病了，他昨天没有上学。 分析分析: He is ill是是He didnt go to school的原因。的原因。be的逻辑主语和的逻辑主语和句子主语是一致句子主语是一致, 主动关系。主动关系。Not knowing the way, he got lost.翻译句子翻译句子：由于不认路，他迷路了。：由于不认路，他迷路了。 As he _, he got lost.didnt know the
7、way动词动词-ing形式的否定式是在形式的否定式是在其前面加其前面加not。3. 作条件状语作条件状语 eg Turning to the left, you will see a school. 向左转你就向左转你就会看到一所学校。会看到一所学校。If we _ , we will succeed.翻译句子：翻译句子：努力学习努力学习, 我们就会成功。我们就会成功。Studying hard , we will succeed.study hard4. 作让步状语作让步状语 eg Granting this to be true, we cannot explain it. 虽然虽然我们承
8、认这是事实，却无法予以说明。我们承认这是事实，却无法予以说明。Knowing it is difficult, I dont give up. 翻译句子：翻译句子：虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。Although I _, I dont give up.know it is difficult5. 作方式状语作方式状语 eg You gave me such a fright creeping up on me like that! 你你那样不声不响地从后面过来，吓我一跳！那样不声不响地从后面过来，吓我一跳！ 用动词用动词-ing形式作状语的结构翻译下列句子。形式作状语
9、的结构翻译下列句子。 1) 请你用另一种方式回答问题。请你用另一种方式回答问题。 2) 她跑进屋里来。她跑进屋里来。Please answer the question using another way.She came running into the room.6. 作结果状语作结果状语 eg The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。He went abroad, leaving his uncle a big house.翻译句子
10、：翻译句子：他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。He went abroad and _his uncle a big house.left 注意：不一样的结果状语注意：不一样的结果状语动词动词-ing形式做结果状语，是表示随着谓语动词所表示的动作形式做结果状语，是表示随着谓语动词所表示的动作的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而动词不定式作结。而动词不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加果状语时常表示出乎意料的结
11、果，有时前面可以加only。7. 作伴随状语作伴随状语 eg The little boy went upstairs, trailing his teddy bear behind him. 那个那个小男孩走上楼去，身后拖着他的玩具熊。小男孩走上楼去，身后拖着他的玩具熊。 Emma was sitting in an armchair reading a book. Emma坐坐在一张扶手椅上看书。在一张扶手椅上看书。He lay on the grass and _ the sky. 翻译下面句子。翻译下面句子。他躺在草地上，凝望天空。他躺在草地上，凝望天空。He lay on the g
12、rass, staring at the sky.stared atNotes: 动词动词-ing形式作伴随状语、方式状语和结果状语时，形式作伴随状语、方式状语和结果状语时，通常可以转换成两个并列的简单句。通常可以转换成两个并列的简单句。Attention: 动词动词-ing形式的时态形式的时态动词动词-ing形式（短语）作状语时，要注意它的时间性，即注意形式（短语）作状语时，要注意它的时间性，即注意是用一般式（是用一般式（doing）还是用完成式（）还是用完成式（have done）。）。当动词当动词-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎
13、同时发生时，用一般式发生时，用一般式；当它的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作发当它的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生时，用完成式生时，用完成式。eg Walking in the street, I met an old friend of mine. 走在大街上时，我遇到了一位老朋友。走在大街上时，我遇到了一位老朋友。 Having finished the letter, he went to post it. 他写完信后就把它寄了出去。他写完信后就把它寄了出去。动词动词-ing形式的语态形式的语态使用动词使用动词-ing形式的主动式（形式的主动式（doing/having done）还是被动
14、式）还是被动式（being done/having been done），这主要取决于现在分词和句），这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。通常，句子的主语就是动词子主语之间的关系。通常，句子的主语就是动词-ing形式的逻辑形式的逻辑主语。主语。eg We walked along the river bank, talking and laughing. 我们沿河岸有说有笑地走着。（主动）我们沿河岸有说有笑地走着。（主动） Being repaired now, the computer cant be used. 由于现在正在修理，这台电脑不能用了。（被动）由于现在正在修理，这台电脑不
15、能用了。（被动）宾语补足语位于宾语之后，补充说明宾语是什么或怎么样，宾语补足语位于宾语之后，补充说明宾语是什么或怎么样，与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。We can see a boy singing in the picture.宾语补足语宾语补足语主语主语 谓语谓语宾语宾语动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语We can see her listening to music.We can see five kids running in the picture.The police caught the man stealing the money.Atte
16、ntion: 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，常和表示形式作宾语补足语时，常和表示感观和心理状态的感观和心理状态的动词动词see, notice, watch, look at, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find, catch等动词后与一个名词（代词）构成复合宾语。等动词后与一个名词（代词）构成复合宾语。在在see，hear，feel，watch等感官动词后，既可用动词等感官动词后，既可用动词-ing形形式作宾语补足语，也可用不带式作宾语补足语，也可用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。的动词不定式作宾语补足语。用动词用动词-ing形式时
17、，表示动作正在进行；用不带形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不带to的动词不定的动词不定式时，表示动作经常发生或动作从开始到结束的全过程。式时，表示动作经常发生或动作从开始到结束的全过程。eg I saw him getting out of the car. 我看见他正在下车。我看见他正在下车。 I saw him get out of the car. 我看见他下车了。我看见他下车了。我觉得我心跳的更快了。（我觉得我心跳的更快了。（beat）I felt my heart beating faster.听，外面的小鸟在唱歌。听，外面的小鸟在唱歌。 Listen to the birds sing
18、ing outside.Im sorry to have _ for so long.1. 不好意思让你等这么久。不好意思让你等这么久。(keep)2. 他父亲不让他抽烟。他父亲不让他抽烟。(let) His father do not _. kept you waitinglet him smoke动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，也常和表示使役的动词形式作宾语补足语时，也常和表示使役的动词keep，get，leave，set，have等动词后与一个名词（代词）构成复合等动词后与一个名词（代词）构成复合宾语，表示，宾语，表示，“使使一直处于某种状态一直处于某种状态”。Complete th
19、e sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.feel want face smile return worry hear knock1. _ that his wife had been injured in an accident, Mr Johnson hurried to the hospital.2. During the operation, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour _ about him.3. I saw her whispering some
20、thing into his ear, obviously not _ to be heard.Hearingworryingwantingn. 事故；车祸事故；车祸n. 手术手术vi. & vt. 悄声说；耳语悄声说；耳语4. He suddenly woke up at midnight when he heard someone _ at his door.5. _ higher import and export costs, the company is looking for ways to survive.6. _ from the North Pole, the travell
21、er wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year.7. The child lay on her mothers lap, _ sweetly.8. _ hurt by the rejection, she bit her lip and quietly walked away.FacingReturningsmilingFeelingfeel want face smile return worry hear knockknockingn. 子夜；午夜子夜；午夜n. 进口进口n. 出口出口
22、n. (行星的行星的)极；地级极；地级n. (坐着时的坐着时的)大腿部大腿部Henry Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor with a very creative mind and a determination to help people. As a small boy, he became very interested in medicine and decided to become a doctor. After he graduated from medical college in 1916, Bethune worked as a do
23、ctor in England, the US, and Canada. , deciding to become a doctorRead the following story and rewrite the underlined parts using the -ing form.He reinvented or redesigned over 10 medical instruments to make them more useful. In 1938, Bethune left for China, after he heard that many people were dyin
24、g in the war. Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people. He helped to organise hospitals, taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid. after hearing that Helping to organise hospitals, he taught OR teaching and showingSadly,
25、 Dr Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in Shijiazhuang. After Dr Bethunes death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him, in which he praised Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China. praising Dr. Bethune as动词动词-ing形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等，其前可加连词让步、方式、伴随情况等，其前可加连词while, when, once, if, unless等。等。动词动词-ing形式作宾补表示正在进行的活动或反复的动作。形式作宾补表示正在进行的活动或反复的动作。Try to use -ing as object complement and the adverbial to describe five peoples actions.
