1、Unit 2 Morals and VirtuesDiscovering Useful Structures 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语【语法感知】观察并完成下列课文原句1. At times she was even seen _(ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 2. _(think) of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 3. Though Lin Qiaozhi never marrie
2、d, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, _(deliver) over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime. 4. The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi _(play) a key role. ridingridingThinkingThinkinghaving deliveredhaving deliveredplayingplaying【归纳填空】【语法精讲】一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和
3、宾语之后, 补充说明宾语的动作或状态。在这种情况下, 及物动词通常是表示感觉和心理状态的动词或使役动词。*And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 当看到薄雾从河面上升起, 白云萦绕着山顶, 他泪流满面。*I felt my heart beating violently when I was seeing the 70th anniversary of foundation of new
4、China. 看新中国成立70周年庆典的时候, 我感到心潮澎湃。1. 动词-ing形式在感官动词后作宾语补足语。在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后, 用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语, 表示一个正在进行的主动的动作, 强调一个过程或一种状态。*(2020全国卷) Dr. Jubilado said, “I could see them actually walking under the sea. ”Dr. Jubilado说: “我能看到他们确实在海底走。”*Now the concept of Scholarly Campus is so well-
5、received that you can find students reading books all over the campus. 现在书香校园理念如此受欢迎, 你可以发现校园里到处是正在读书的学生。在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后, 既可用动词-ing形式构成复合宾语, 也可用省略to的不定式构成复合宾语, 两者之间有一定的区别。用动词-ing形式时, 表示动作正在进行; 用省略to的不定式时, 表示动作发生了, 即动作的全过程结束了。【即学活用】(1)We were so happy that we didnt notice the wa
6、ter _(rise). (2)It is funny to watch my father _(fight) with a mouse. (3)Aaron looked around hoping to find a farmer _(drive) a sleigh(雪橇) along the way. (4)I saw you _(put)the key in your pocket. risingfightingdrivingput2. 动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语, 表示“让一直做某事”。*Its cold. We should have t
7、he fire burning all the time. 天气冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。*I wont have you running about in the room. 我不允许你一直在房间里跑来跑去。(1)have/get+宾语+done, done是过去分词作宾语补足语。包括两层意思: 让别人去做某事。*He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow. 他明天让人给他修电脑。 (主语)遭受到(意外的损失或不幸)。*He had/got his computer stolen the other day. 前几天他的电脑被偷了。(2)
8、have +宾语+do sth. 意思是“让某人去做某事”。*Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit. 妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。(3)leave(使处于某种状态), keep(使保持某种状态)后一般跟分词作补足语, 而不跟动词不定式。*Many teachers keep parents informed of childrens performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos online. 许多老师通过在线分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。3. 动词-ing形式在with复合结
9、构中的使用。在with复合结构中, 现在分词充当宾语补足语, 表示动作“正在进行”。*With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, many of us feel nervous recently. 最近, 随着高考的临近, 我们中有很多(学生)都感到紧张。在with的复合结构中, 也可以使用过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语。*All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。*I cant go out with all these clothes to wa
10、sh. 要洗这些衣服, 我无法出去了。【即学活用】(1)Mr Smith suggested a good way to have her written English _(improve) in a short period. (2)Dont leave the water _(run) while you brush your teeth. (3)With Christmas _(approach), a Christmas party will be held in the school. (4)The government is striving to better the publ
11、ic transportation system, with many new subway lines _(construct). improvedimprovedrunningrunningapproachingapproachingbeing constructebeing constructed d二、动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式可以作状语, 修饰动词, 在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首; 作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。After high school, Jennifer attended a
12、 local technical college, working to pay her tuition. 高中毕业后, Jennifer上了当地的一所技术学院, 半工半读。*Chinese joins English, Spanish, French, Arabic and Russian, bringing the number of official languages for UNWTO to six. 自此, 联合国世界旅游组织的官方语言达到了六种, 在英文、西班牙文、法文、阿拉伯文、俄文这五种语言之外又增加了中文。1. 动词-ing形式表示时间。*Realizing that ma
13、ny people were living a poor life he determined to give away most of his money. (=When he realized that. . . )当他意识到很多人的生活还很贫困时, 他决心把自己大部分的钱捐出去。2. 动词-ing形式表示原因。*Not knowing his address, I cant send this book to him. (=As I dont know his address. . . )因为不知道他的地址, 我不能把这本书寄给他。3. 动词-ing形式表示结果。Millions of
14、acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat. 数百万亩湿地被抽干, 用来养活和容纳一直增长的人口, 这极大地减少了水禽的栖息地。4. 动词-ing形式表示条件。*Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. (= If you go straight down the road. . . )顺着这条路一直走, 你就会发现那家百
15、货商店。5. 动词-ing形式表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. (=Although they were tired. . . )尽管很累了, 可他们继续工作。6. 动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随或补充说明。Patting them gently on their shoulders, father said in a warm voice, “Darling, its love that counts. Lets do this again together! ”轻轻地拍着他们的肩膀, 父亲温和地说: “亲爱的, 爱最为重要。让我们一起重新来
16、做吧! ”*Some students will play many beautiful music pieces, using traditional instruments such as Erhu, Pipa, Guzheng and so on. (. . . by using traditional instruments such as Erhu, Pipa, Guzheng and so on. )一些学生将弹奏一些优美的曲子, 使用传统乐器, 例如, 二胡、琵琶, 古筝等等。非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语,
17、 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。*The last bus having goneThe last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 末班车已经开走了, 我们不得不走回家。(having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)*Weather permittingWeather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. 天气允许的话, 足球赛将在周五举行。(permitting的逻辑主语是weather, 而不是the football mat
18、ch)【即学活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空(1)Wetlands in China have expanded steadily over the past five years, _(grow) by 202, 600 hectares. (2)In 2017, the girl released her first video on YouTube _(explain) how to dye a dress using the skins of grapes. (3)Usually all members of a family have meals together at meals t
19、ime, _(sit) around the table. (4)_(know) that you are also interested in it, Im pleased to tell relevant information to you. (5)Some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, _(lead) to a slower growth. growinggrowingexplainingsittingsittingKnowingKnowingleadingleading. 单句语法填空1. I wish to be your gui
20、de, _(show) you around Wuhou and other places of interest. 2. The climbers were about to go down the mountain, when they suddenly heard someone _(call)for help. 3. _(keep) in touch with each other by writing for years, I cant wait to see you. 4. Cold and hungry, Reuben wandered along the streets, _(
21、search) for the bags carefully. showingshowingcallingHaving keptHaving keptsearchingsearching5. Entering the room, I found Mary _(sit) at the desk and _g(play) computer games. 6. I saw two young men in canoes _(race) each other. 7. Bicycles can be picked up and left anywhere, _(make) them convenient
22、 for users. 8. Traffic accidents also arise, _(threaten) the safety of road users including deliverymen themselves. 9. _(hear) that you will come to China as an exchange student, I want to express a warm welcome to you. sittingplayinplayinracingracingmakingmakingthreateningthreateningHearingHearing.
23、 同义句转换1. As time passes by, we will have a better life. _, we will have a better life. 2. I saw that they were coming across the street. I saw them _. 3. I stood on the bridge and watched boats were passing by. I stood on the bridge, _. 4. I felt that someone was patting me on the shoulder. I felt s
24、omeone _. With time passing byWith time passing bycoming across the streetwatching boats passing bywatching boats passing bypatting me on the shoulder5. I heard that Mary sang a song in the next room this time last night. I heard Mary _in the next room this time last night. 6. It rained heavily and
25、it caused great damage. It rained heavily, _. 7. After he had eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out. _, the boy rushed out. 8. The boy sat in front of the farm house, and cut the branches. The boy sat in front of the farm house, _. 9. As I did not know how to get there, I had to ask the way. _, I had
26、 to ask the way. singing a songcausing great damagecausing great damageHaving eaten his dinnerHaving eaten his dinnercutting the branchesNot knowing how to get there【语法主题应用】 请根据下面汉语提示写一篇小短文。1. 在回家的路上, 我们看到一个大树枝躺在马路上。(现在分词作宾语补足语)2. 考虑到它会带来麻烦, 我们决定把它移走。(现在分词作原因状语)3. 在一些过路人的帮助之下, 我们成功地把它移到一边。(with的复合结构)4. 看到我们的所作所为, 人们为我们热烈鼓掌。(现在分词作时间状语)_On our way home, we saw a big branch lying on the road. Considering it mightcause some trouble, we decided to move it away. With some passers-by helpingus, we succeeded in removing it. Seeing what we have done, many peopleapplauded warmly.
