1、Words and Expressionsa precious gift 珍贵的礼物 a precious moment/memory 珍贵的时刻/记忆What is precious to you ?例句：They had a long and happy marriage. 他们的婚姻长久而幸福。归纳拓展：marry v. (和某人) 结婚；娶；嫁 marry sb married adj. 已婚的；结婚的be married (to sb) （与结婚）【表状态】get married (to sb) (与结婚） 【表动作】单句语法填空：The survey调查 shows that tw
2、o-thirds of _ (marry) women earn less than their husband.married(1)the majority of. 大多数(谓语动词的单复数取决于介词of后的名词）例句：The majority of people who live in this town have private cars. 居住在这个镇上的大多数人都有私家车。(2)major adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 n. 专业 vi. 主修major in 主修 例句：他的专业是数学 反义词：minority n. 少数 minor adj. 次要的；较少的；轻微的 His m
3、ajor is maths. He majors in maths. The _ (major) of the citizens in that region have been affected by social media.An agreement (协议) seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members _ (be) against it.One-third of the country is covered with grass and _ (大多数)the citizens live in t
4、ents.In college I _ (主修) Natural Science. What was your major?majorityarethe majority ofmajored in (1)complain about 抱怨complain (to sb.) that+句子 (向某人)抱怨complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事(2)complaint n. 抱怨make a complaint to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事He never complained about working overtime.他从来不抱怨加班。Mr
5、s Jones complained to the doctor that her back always hurts her. 琼斯太太向医生诉说她背部老是痛。She complained to me about his rude behaviour.她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。 v-plain抱怨complaint抱怨weigh称重weight重量join连接joint接头Lots of people have complained _ the noise.If the service was so bad why didnt you complain _the manager?Ive mad
6、e a _(complain) to the police about the noise.She _ (向我抱怨说) no one could tell her the feature of the house.We should think about how to deal with the problems instead of _ (抱怨别人的错误).toaboutcomplaintcomplained to me thatmaking a complaint about others mistakescomplaining about others mistakesrespond
7、to sb/sth回答，回复；对做出反应例句：The teacher responded yes to the question that student put forward.老师对那个学生提出的问题作了肯定的回答。The police respond to emergencies in just a few minutes.紧急事件发生时，警察在短短几分钟内就会作出反应。 词语积累：response n反应；回答；回复in response to作为对的答复/反应make a response (to.)(对)做出回应/反应After all, knowing basic first-a
8、id techniques will help you respond quickly _ emergencies.He made no _ (respond) to my question, and went on with his movie.toresponsereject sb. 拒绝接受某人reject ones idea/suggestion/plan 拒绝接受某人的想法/建议/计划reject a proposal / decision / an argument 拒绝接受一个提议/决定/论点He wanted to join the army but was rejected
9、because of his poor health.他想参军，但因身体欠佳未被录用。The prime minister（首相） rejected the suggestion that people should spend more money on the development of economy.首相拒绝接受人们应该花更多钱在发展经济的这条建议。词语积累：rejection n拒绝接受；否决词语辨析：reject与refuse(1)reject vt.正式用词，“摒弃，不采用，不使用”，不可接不定式作宾语。(2) refuse vi. & vt.普通用词，“拒绝”，可接不定式作宾
10、语。He _ (reject) from the factory because of laziness.Although writing a _ (reject) letter can be difficult, there are situations where its absolutely necessary.I absolutely _ （refuse/reject）to take part in anything thats illegal.was rejectedrejectionrefuseEnvironmental awareness has increased signif
11、icantly over the past decade.环境意识在过去十年已经有了显著的提高。tend (to) sb./sth. 照料/护理某人；照管某物tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事She tended her husband carefully during his illness.她丈夫生病期间，她无微不至地照顾他。People tend to get fat when they grow older.人们年纪大时往往会发胖。词语积累：tendency n趋势；倾向a tendency to do sth.做某事的倾向There is a growing
12、tendency to regard money more highly than quality of life.越来越多的人倾向于把金钱看得重于生活质量。Typically, people tend _ (make) mistakes when tired.I have a tendency _ (talk) too much when nervous.People _ (往往需要) less sleep as they get older.The doctors and nurses in this hospital _ (照顾病人)patiently.to maketo talkten
13、d to needtend (to) patientsThe government publishes figures every six months showing how many people are unemployed. 政府每半年公布一次失业人数。She was only 19 when her first novel was published.她的第一部小说出版时她年仅19岁。retire from. 从退休retire as. 从职位上退休retire from office/service 退职/退役Since retiring from the company, she
14、 has done voluntary work for a charity. 从公司退休后，她就一直在为一家慈善机构做志愿工作。He wants to retire as the greatest basketball player who ever lived.他想有一天退休，成为有史以来最伟大的篮球运动员。词语积累：retired adj.退休的，退职的a retired teacher一位退休教师retirement n退休，退职take early retirement提前退休He has agreed to struggle on, though he hopes to retir
15、e _ his position.They will hold a party in celebration of her _ (retire).The other day a _ (retire) couple came to my office.He retired from the office _ a chairman.My father _ (从退休) teaching three years ago.retiredasretired fromin principle 原则上；大体上stick to the principles 坚持原则In principle, we usuall
16、y dont allow any discount.原则上，我们一般是不给折扣的。A bicycle and a motorcycle are built on the same principle.自行车和摩托车是根据同样的原理制造的。be scared of sth. 害怕某物 be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事be scared that. 害怕Hes scared of spiders. Im scared of telling her what really happened.我害怕告诉她事情的真相。 Im
17、scared to go out at night alone.我害怕晚上一个人出去。I was scared (= very worried) (that) you might not be there.我怕你不在那儿他害怕蜘蛛。词语积累：(1)scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 n. 惊吓It scares sb. to do sth.做某事使某人感到害怕。scare. away/off吓走/吓跑scare sb. into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事scare sb. to death把某人吓得要死(2)scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的a scary movie
18、恐怖电影When we are getting excited, angry or _ (scare), our bodies also go through many physical changes.The atmosphere was _ and we felt _ staying in theroom. (scare)He is scared _ (tell) his parents the result.The local farmers used to light a fire_(吓跑) the wolves.She was _ (害怕进入) the yard because sh
19、e was _ (害怕被咬) by the big dog lying at the gate.scaredscaryscaredto scare off/awayto tellscared to enterscared of being bittena sharp drop in the prices 价格_a sharp knife 一把_刀a sharp contrast _对比 sharp eyes _视力暴跌锋利的鲜明的明锐的an sharp increase 归纳拓展： a sharp tongue说话刻薄 be sharp with对说话刻薄 a sharp sense of h
20、umour很强的幽默感 a sudden sharp pain突然的剧痛 词语积累： (1)sharply adv.急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地，毫不客气地 fall sharply急剧下降 (2)sharpen vt.(使)变得锋利Unfortunately, I cut my foot on a sharp stone and caught my hair on a branch. _As we all know, an eagle has sharp eyesight. _Suddenly, he felt a sharp pain in the stomach. _He was sharp
21、 _ his colleagues when they were late.The price of petrol has risen _ (sharp) since last month.The pencil doesnt write well; I should _ (sharp) it before I draw the great figure.尖的尖的an energetic boy 一个精力充沛的男孩一个精力充沛的男孩 词语积累：energy n活力，精力；能源，能量be full of energy精力充沛have the energy to do sth.有精力做某事You a
22、re always _ (精力充沛的). Can you tell me the secret?energetic / full of energyreplace A with/by B 用B代替AThe factory replaced most of its workers with robots.这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nations main industry.旅游业取代了农业成为这个国家的主要产业。 You can use cheese in place of/instead of butter
23、 in some recipes.代替replacetake the place of in place of instead of 在一些菜谱里你可以用芝士来替代黄油He replaced the pudding _ mashed potatoes.It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should _ (replace) with a modern hotel or not. There is something wrong with my bike, so I decide to replace it with
24、a new one.There is something wrong with my bike, so I decide to use a new one _ it.be replacedin place of高频词块a car /road accident 车祸/交通事故by accident 偶然地；意外地accidental adj. 偶然的；意外的I deleted the file by accident. （口头翻译）我不小心删除了这个文件。常用词块：do/perform an operation (on sb.) (给某人)做手术in operation 工作中；有效put st
25、h. into operation 实施词语积累：operate vi.运转；动手术 vt.操作operator n操作员，经营者The nurse tended the boy so carefully that he recovered from his heart _ (operate) soon.The new rules will be _ operation soon.To our great joy, the new machine is really easy _ (operate).With the help of his teammate, the _ (operate)
26、responded immediately to the event.The doctor decided to _(给做手术)the patient at once.whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人whisper about sth. 密谈某事whisper sth.in ones ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事People are whispering that=It is whispered that. 有人私下说assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助/援助某人某事assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事assist sb.
27、to do sth. 帮助某人做某事The driver assisted the old man off the bus.司机帮助那位老人下公共汽车。He assisted me in the preparation of this book.他协助我撰写此书。I am most grateful to my husband, who assisted me in preparing this book.我非常感谢我的丈夫，他曾协助我撰写此书。He assisted the old man to fill in the forms.他帮助老人填写表格。词语积累：(1) assistance
28、n帮助，援助，支持come to ones assistance前来援助(2) assistant n助手，助理a senior assistant高级助理a personal assistant私人助理a shop assistant店员He bites his fingernails. 他咬指甲。An insect bit me on the arm.一只小虫子叮了我的胳膊。高频词块in in memory of memory of 作为对作为对的纪念的纪念have a good/bad memory (for) 记忆力好/差memory loss 失忆He founded the cha
29、rity in memory of his late wife.他兴办那个慈善机构以纪念他已故的妻子。He has a bad memory for dates.他对日期的记忆力很差。She has _ excellent memory for names, which helps her a lot in her commercial work.Huang Jiaju made up a song Glorious Years _ memory of Nelson Mandela.The library was built _ (为了纪念) those who carried our cou
30、ntry through the hardship.aninin memory of高频词块tears of regret/happiness/joy/laughter 惋惜高兴喜悦欢笑的泪水 burst into tears 突然哭了起来 in tears = 流着泪；含着泪 I found him in tears in his bedroom. 我发现他在卧室里哭 高频词块:be of great harm 危害极大的 do harm to sb./sth. （=do sb./sth. harm）对某人/某物有害mean no harm 没有恶意There is no harm in (
31、ones) doing sth. = There is no harm (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）做某事无妨/无害词语积累：harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to 对有害harmless adj. 无害的 be harmless to 对无害1.Try to choose products that do the least harm _ the environment.2.Staying up too often will be _great harm to peoples health.3.There is no harm _ eating m
32、ore fish, which is beneficial to our health.4.Most children are fond of sweets but they may be _ (harm) to their teeth. toofinharmfulcarry him through the hardships 帮助他渡过难关有关“carry”的高频搭配：carry out 实施；履行；执行carry on 继续；参与Her encouragement and support helped carry me through.她的鼓励和支持帮助我渡过了难关。Our soldier
33、s carried out a successful attack last night.我们的战士昨晚发动了一次成功的袭击。He gave up the attempt in despair .他在绝望中放弃了这种尝试。(1)a great deal ofn.U大量的大量的(2)a great deal大量，大量，非常非常He had given this question a great deal of thought.他对这个问题做过许多思考。Weve known a great deal（=much） about the incident.关于那件事我们知道很多。many，many a，several （几个），a couple of（几个，两三个），(a) few（一些），a great/good many, a good/great/large number of +可数名词much，(a) little，a large amount of, amounts of, a great deal of +不可数名词a lot of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of(谓语用复数)，plenty of +可数/不可数
