1、 astronaut 刘洋 frontier vehiclevehicle vikl: n. 交通工具交通工具;车辆车辆car: 小车小车; 轿车轿车taxi: 出租车出租车jeep: 吉普车吉普车 bus: n. 公共汽车公共汽车truck: 卡车卡车 train: 火车火车plane: 飞机飞机 aircraft: 飞机飞机ship: 船船; 舰舰 boat: 小船小船; 船船helicopter: 直升机直升机spaceship/spacecraft: 宇宙飞船宇宙飞船bike/bicycle: 自行自行车车motorbike/motorcycle: 摩托车摩托车 satellite s
2、atellite rocket launch transmit spacecraft spacewalk jade dock dock muscle一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.d
3、etermine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送8. data n.pl.资料;数据- database n. 数据库，资料库9.disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的- disappointing Adj. 令人失望的- disappointment n.失望10. desire n. 渴望
4、;欲望vt.渴望;期望-desirable adj.值得拥有的；值得做的11. independent adj. 独立的- independently adv. 独立地-independence n.独立-depend vi. 依赖/取决于/相信dependent adj. 依靠的；从属的；取决于的dependence n. 依赖；依靠；信任；信赖12. spacecraft n.航天器;宇宙飞船-spacewalk n.太空行走;太空行走的时间spaceship n. 航 宇宙飞船space n. 空间；太空；距离13. signal vt.vi.标志着;标明;发信号n.信号;标志- sig
5、n n. 迹象；符号；记号；手势；指示牌signature n. 署名；签名 - significant adj. 重大的/有意义的14. recycle vt. 回收利用 -recyclable adj.可循环再用的-cycle n/v. 循环/周期/骑自行车15. lack n. 缺乏;短缺.没有;缺乏 lacking Adj. 缺乏，不足16. current adj. 当前的;现在的n.水流;电流;思潮- currently Adv 现在，目前 17. sufficient adj. 足够的;充足的- sufficiently Adv 足够地，充分地 18. towel n.毛巾;抹布
6、tower n. 塔；高楼；堡垒vi. 高耸；超越19. microwave n.微波炉- microscope n. 显微镜microphone n. 扩音器，麦克风20. facility n. 设施;设备facilitate vt. 促进；帮助；使容易21. keen adj. 热衷的;渴望的- keenly adv. 敏锐地；强烈地；锐利地22. globe n. 地球;世界;地球仪- global Adj. 全球的，全面的 23. argue vt.vi.论证;争辩;争论-argument n. 争论;争吵;论点24. shallow adj. 肤浅的;浅的 n阴影；影子-shade
7、 n. 树荫，阴凉处 25. analysis n (pl analyses)(对事物的)分析;分析结果analyze vt. 对进行分析，分解（等于analyse）26. high- end adj. 高端的- on end连续地；竖着27. regular adj.定期的;经常的;正常的- regularly adv.经常;定期地irregular adj. 不整齐的；不规则的；不正常的；28. resource n.资源;财力;物力source n. 来源；水源；原始资料29. imited adj. 有限的- limit n. 限度Vt. 限制- limitless Adj 无限的30
8、. closing adj. 结尾的;结東的n.停业;关闭;倒闭close v. 关闭结束；adj.接近的;亲密的；n.结束；关闭31. mystery n. 神秘事物;迷- mysterious adj.神秘的；不可思议的；难解的32. attach vt. 系;綁;贴- attached Adj. 附加的，附属的- attachment n 依恋；连接物二：短语积累1 carry on继续干；坚持干 carry off成功地对付；赢得；获得 carry over继续存在；运用carry through 履行，成功完成2 on board 在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上3 in the ho
9、pe of doing sth 抱着的希望4 so as to (do sth) 为了;以便, 只可放在句中=in order to (do sth)为了，以便，可放于句首或句中5 solar system 太阳系;类太阳系6 figure out 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白7 result in 导致;造成8 as a result所以;结果(是)as a result of +n./doing由于；因为9 provide for sb 提供生活所需10 in closing 最后11 run out 用完;耗尽12 escape from +n. 从.中逃脱escape +n/doing避免，逃
10、脱have a narrow escape 死里逃生13 be disappointed to do sth对做.感到失望be disappointed that. 对.失望be disappointed with/in. 对.不满意be disappointed at/by. 对.感到失望14 have a desire to do sth/for sth渴望做某事/得到某事desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire that.(should) do sth. 渴望.15 signal to sb to do sth示意某人做某事traffic signals 交通信号灯（a
11、）16 lack of缺乏.for lack of因缺乏.lack for缺乏；缺少be lacking in .缺乏；不足17 cant wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事18 argue with sb about/over/on sth就某事与某人争论argue for/against sth据理力争/反对某事argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事argue sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事19 be limited to sth受限于limit sth to sth.限定在.范围内20 run out of用完了，主语人，及物动
12、词短语run out用完了，主语物，不及物动词短语give out用尽，精疲力尽，不及物动词短语use up.用完，消耗尽，及物动词短语三一词多义 :名词动词化:写出下列句子中画线单词的汉语释义。1). His head was pillowed on his arm. _2). Car sales rocketed from 180 to 2000 a year. _ 3). He signalled to the waiter for the bill. _4). The earth takes a year to orbit the sun. _5). Patients who are
13、given the new drug will be asked to monitor their progress. _.写出下列句子中的汉语释义。1. determine: 决定; 确定1)Our social positions determine the way we are dressed. _ 2). It is difficult to determine the exact cause of the illness. _3). The date of the court case has not yet been determined. _4). How hard the sw
14、immers work now will determine how they perform in the Olympics._ 在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。5). Shes sure to get the job she wants shes a very _ (determine) person. 6). Jane was determined not _ (go) against her fathers wishes and accept his advice. 7). He is an excellent lawyer (律师) with a good brain a
15、nd a _ (determine) to achieve.8). Black holes can not be seen directly, so _ (determine) the number of them is very difficult.根据所给提示，完成下列句子。9).It is not what you are given but how you make use of it that _. (决定你是谁). 10). Realizing that he has wasted too much time, the boy _ (决心停下不玩游戏).11). If we _ (
16、有勇气和决心), we will finally get the sunshine we want.2. argue 争论 / 争吵; 论证 / 争辩 写出下列句子中的汉语释义。1). It is no use arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. _2). Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is cruel to eat animals, but others argue that they can eat meat and
17、 still be kind to animals. _ 用适当的介词填空。1). They have argued _ each other for years _ the best way to grow potatoes. With;2). When you present reasons why you believe in something, you argue _ it. 3). If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would a
18、rgue _ copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different. 3. regular : 规则的；定期的；有规律的 频繁的；经常的根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。1). After years of regular treatment, she finally became healthy. _2). The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern. _3).
19、On Monday he would have to return to his regular duties. _ 4). The handsome actor has a face with regular features. _根据汉语提示完成下列句子。1. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who _ (经常锻炼).2. She couldnt find any _ (固定的工作).3. Im a _ (忠实读者) of your newspaper. 4. Hannah sti
20、ll has the normal life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she _ (定期拜访) to homeless people.4.attach v. 把绑/系在; 依恋的; 连接; 与有关联写出下列句子中画线单词的汉语释义。1). Long-ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand. _2). No one is suggesting that any health risks attach t
21、o this product. _ 3). The author wanted to express how much she is attached to her home. _4). He attached a colour printer to the computer. _;用attach的正确形式填空。1). In Britain, packets of cigarettes come with a government health warning _ to them.2). Ill email my report to you as a(n) _.根据所给提示翻译句子。1). 家
22、长们非常重视教育。_2). 在你的申请表上附上近照。 _5. figure out: u弄清楚；弄明白v计算 写出下列句子中画线单词的汉语释义。1).I couldnt figure out what I had done to annoy my boss. _ 2).Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? _单句语法填空1. Police insist that Michael did not follow the correct _ (程序) in applying for a visa.3. It wasnt difficult
23、 then to cross the_ (国界).4. I want to have an all-electric _ (车辆) in my lifetime.5. Is there any other travel _ (代理处, 服务机构) near here?6. So from the _ (globe) perspective, it is very important.7. This can be _ (致命的) for them.8. Put the milk in a _ (浅的) dish.9. Do you like the _ (图案)? 10. The heart _
24、 (监视器)shows low levels of consciousness.11. The doctor told me to take the medicine _ (定期地)three times a day.12. There are many kinds of_ (resource) like coal, tungsten, oil, and copper.13. Our time and money are_（有限的).14. The source of the gunshots still remains a _ (谜).15. We _ (粘贴) labels to thin
25、gs before we file them away.16. You should do it _ (regular).17. I limit myself _ three cups of beer a day.18. She attached a stamp _ the envelope.19. They provided some necessary support _ the sufferers.20. He gave up without _ (argue). .21. He is _ (determine)to stay for a long time.22. A satellit
26、e has been _ (launch) to learn more about space.23. I was _ (disappoint)that John was not there.24. Your desire_ success leaves a deep impression on me.25. But I want to be strong and_ (independence) one day.26. She was forced to live a simple life because of lack _ money.27. How do _ (astronaut) do
27、 exercise in the space? 28. I think you are _ (mental) tired.29. She _ (signal) us that everything was all right .30. There are many kinds of recreational _ (facility) in our school.31. They had _ (sufficiency) food to sustain life.32. While sleeping, astronauts must attach themselves to something t
28、o prevent _(float) around.33. Yet, they are not as _ (universe)as we think.34. What can go around the earth without_ (rocket)?35. John Glenn, the American who first_ (orbit) the Earth, was welcomed with 3, 529 tonnes of ticker tape when he got back.36. Keeping your _ (muscle) strong helps you to avo
29、id back problems.37. He_ (leap)forward and caught the ball. 根据汉语提示用短语完成句子1. Make sure that your boss know you _ (热衷做某事)be promoted. 2. This course will describe each of the planets in our _ (太阳系). 3. You should recognize _ (当前的形势). 4. The scenery on the top is _ (难以描述). 5. She studied hard _ (怀着的希望)
30、being admitted into the key university. 6. They _ (渴望去拜访他们的老师). 7. Only by working hard can we _ (成功做好每件事). 8. _ (确保) that you find the answers to these questions from them. 9. It makes you want to watch the next episode to _(弄明白) whats going to happen. 10. I worked hard_ (结果竟然失败了)at last. 11. He wa
31、s_ his opinion among us. 他是我们中最后一个发表意见的人。12. As soon as we went _, our ship left port. 我们一上船, 船就出港了。13. We will _ our discussion tomorrow. 我们明天将继续讨论。14. The pollution of the river has _ unsafe drinking water. 河流的污染导致饮用水不安全。15. _, I finally succeeded . 结果, 我最终成功了。16. We cannot just _six months later.
32、 我们不能在六个月后就把钱花光。17. _, Class of 2020, we would like to leave you with some words of wisdom . 2020届的同学们, 最后, 我们将留给你们一些至理名言。18 .They _ (下定决心出国). 19. _in the morning will do you a lot of good . 早晨大声朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。20. I dont know _ the offer. 我不知道是接受还是拒绝这个提议。I.Important sentences 1.Mystery creates wonder
33、 and wonder is the basis of mans desire to understand. 神秘感激发好奇心，而好奇心则是人们渴望探索的前提。 2.Youd better get up early so that you can get there on time. 你最好能早起，以便你能按时到达那儿。3.China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. 中国已经成为第一个在月球背面着陆的国家。4.We have nothing to fear but fe
34、ar itself. 人最害怕的就是害怕本身。5.We dont have enough paper to write on. 我们没有足够的纸来写。6.I am delighted to share some advice with you. 我很高兴跟你分享一些建议。7.I returned home only to be told that I should look before I leap.我回到家却被告知我应该三思而后行。8.He made up his mind to study abroad, so he was buried in books, determined to
35、improve his English. Finally, his efforts paid off. So if you determine/are determined to do something, be a determined person and go ahead.他决心去国外学习，所以他就埋头看书，决心提高英语水平。最后，他的努力得到了回报。因此如果你决心做某件事,那么就成为一个坚定的人然后去做吧。II.Compositions假定你是李华,某英文报社即将举行一次与航空航天相关的夏令营,正在征求活动方案。请你就此用英文给该报社写一封电子邮件表达你的兴趣及你对活动方案的设计。注意
36、:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:航空航天aerospace亲爱的先生,听说要举办航天夏令营，我很高兴。它很吸引我，我真诚的希望我能参加。这是我对夏令营的想法。首先，应该有一些时间来享受和欣赏真正的宇宙飞船或火箭，内些已经使用或将被使用的，这可以增加我们的兴趣。然后我希望你能邀请一些宇航员和我们分享他们的经验。此外，我希望我们能有机会在实验experimental 情境中体验它。如果能教我们制作一些飞机模型(we被教)，并把它们作为礼物送给家人和朋友，那就更好了。期待您的回复。Dear Sir, I am glad to hear that a summer c
37、amp about aerospace will be held. It attracts me a lot, and I sincerely hope that I can participate in. Here are my ideas for the camp. First, there should be some time to enjoy and admire true spaceships or rockets that have been used or will be used, which can increase our interest. Then I hope yo
38、u can invite some astronauts to share their experience with us.Besides, I hope we can have the chance to experience it in the experimental situation. And it will be better if we can be taught to make some aircraft models and take them as gifts for family and friends. I am looking forward to your rep
39、ly. Yours, Li Hua一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determi
40、nation N决心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地
41、万物universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- me
42、ntally adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；
43、传递；传送；播送一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决
44、心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物univers
45、al adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally ad
46、v. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送一
47、词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决心6. agenc
48、y n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物universal adj. 普
49、遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送一词形变化1.astronaut n. 宇航员;太空人- astronomy n.天文学- astronomer n. 天文学家2. mental adj 精神的;思想的- mentally adv. 精神上，智力
50、上；心理上3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的-intelligence n智慧，智力 4 .universe n. 宇宙;天地万物universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的5.determine vt. 查明;确定;决定-determined adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的 -determination N决心6. agency n.(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商7. transmit vt.vi.传输;发送transmission n. 传动装置，机 变速器；传递；传送；播送一词形变化1.ast
