1、限制性定语从句复习限制性定语从句复习The team who were wearing green won the game. 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句. .关关系系词词: :引引导定语从句的词叫关系词。导定语从句的词叫关系词。先行词：被定语从句先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。修饰的词叫先行词。关系词关系词关系代词：关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as关系副词关系副词：when, where, why 引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词关系代词关系代词：that, which, w
2、ho, whom, whose, as关系副词关系副词：where, when, why1. The working environment , the happiness they get from their work and respect from others are the things _ matter most.2. A friend is a present _ you give yourself. To be a good friend or partner, its important to be a good listener.3. The “housing slave
3、” is a new expression in China, referring to people _ use most of their salary to repay bank loans due to soaring housing prices.4. The man _ I nodded to is Mr. Li. that/whichwhichwhowhom5. I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.6. Many countries are now setting up nationa
4、l parks _ animals and plants can be protected.7. I find that looking after children is a fun and challenging job _ you need to be patient and careful.8. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent. 9. Do you know the reason _ he didn
5、t attend the meeting?wherewherewhenwhywhose关系代词关系代词指代指代在定语从句中所充当的成分在定语从句中所充当的成分人人物物主语主语宾语宾语定语定语that whichwhowhomwhose何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略关系代词及其用法关系代词及其用法关系副词关系副词指代指代在定从中所作成分在定从中所作成分whenwherewhy时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语reason原因状语原因状语关系副词：when where why 介词+关系词1.The goals _ which he had fought all his life n
6、o longer seemed important to him.2.He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.3.Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ which people were eaten by the tiger.4.Tibet is a beautiful part of China, _ which our countr
7、y would be incomplete.5.The total cultivated area is 13,000 acres, _ which 10,000 acres are irrigated fields.6.About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction, and the rate _ which they are being destroyed has increased.for withinwithoutof at如何确定关系代词前的介词？如何确定关系代词前的介词？1) I still remem
8、ber the day _ _ I met TFboys.2) I will never forget the farm _ _ I worked with you. on whichon which1. 先行词在从句中做先行词在从句中做状语状语：根据先行词的搭配确定根据先行词的搭配确定这这时时prep+which=where/when/why1) Do you like the book _ _ she spent $10? 2) Do you like the book _ _ she paid $10?3) The West Lake, _ _ Hangzhou is famous, i
9、s a beautiful place. on whichfor whichfor which2. 先行词在从句中做先行词在从句中做宾语宾语：看从句中动词、形容词的搭配看从句中动词、形容词的搭配1) He has two sons, both _ graduated from Peking University. 他有两个儿子，他们都毕业于北京大学。 2) Tom wrote many childrens books, nearly half _ were about campus culture. 汤姆写了很多儿童书籍，其中将近一半是关于校园文化的。 of whomof which 3.表表
10、“所属关系所属关系”或或“整体的一部分整体的一部分”：介词用介词用of1) Air, _ which man cant live, is really important. 空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。 2) This is the man _ whom my brother has worked for ten years. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。withoutwith4. 根根据句子的意思来确定据句子的意思来确定Non-restrictive attributive clause1. This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or
11、 Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.2. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.3. From their research, they discovered and tested 380
12、distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.Read the sentences from the text and then fill in the blanks below.4. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked.5. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patient
13、s, most of whom recovered.6. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.1. Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a long history. Beijing is a city that Ive always wanted to visit.2. I have a sister, who works in a hospital. I have a sister who wor
14、ks in a hospital. Can you tell the difference?限制性定从和非限制定从的区别：限制性定从和非限制定从的区别：1.People who take physical exercise live longer.2.His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.3.I have a sister who is a doctor.4.I have a sister, who is a doctor.5.He is the man whose car was stolen.6.Ive i
15、nvited Jim, who lives in the next flat.7.The place which interested me most was the Childrens Palace.8.Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 功能不同：限：修饰，限制功能不同：限：修饰，限制 非：补充说明非：补充说明 含义不同（修饰专业名词或具含义不同（修饰专业名词或具有独一无二性的名词时，用非有独一无二性的名词时，用非限制性定从）限制性定从） 非限制性定从的先行词可以是一个从句或句子非限制性定从的先行词可以是一个从句或句子 翻译不同翻译不同RI
16、GHT or WRONG?The moon which is 384,400 kilometers form the earth creates many beautiful stories.Meizhou where I was born is located in the south of china.I have three foreign teachers two of whom are from Canada.2. 思考：什么情况下通常要用非限制性定语从句1.The moon, which is 384,400 kilometers form the earth, creates m
17、any beautiful stories.2. Meizhou, where I was born, is located in the south of china.3.I have three foreign teachers, two of whom are from Canada.4.I have a sister, who works in a hospital.5. He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true专有名词（人名，地名）或独一无二的事物专有名词（人名，地名）或独一无二的事物some/many
18、/few+of+which/whom时时唯一亲属唯一亲属关系代词指代整个主句内容时关系代词指代整个主句内容时How to translate the two sentences into Chinese:The magazines here which have nice pictures in them were written by him.里面有漂亮图画的杂志是他写的里面有漂亮图画的杂志是他写的。The magazines here, which have nice pictures in them, were written by him.这儿的杂志都是他写的，里面有漂亮的图片。这儿的
19、杂志都是他写的，里面有漂亮的图片。WRONGRIGHT or WRONG?1. I like the book, that was bought yesterday.2.I had told them the reason, why I didnt attend the meeting.3.The book, he gave me yesterday, is missing.3. that, why不能引导非限制性定语从句 关系代词在从句中充当宾语时不能省略Fill in the blanks with proper relative words.1.The famous basketball
20、 star, _is an American, came to China yesterday.2.In those days, she often turned to Mr. black, with _she had a wonderful time.3.I bought a car yesterday,_ cost me a lot.4.Xian, _I visited last year, is a nice old city.5.He will come to see me next July, _ he wont be so busy.6.The school, _I once st
21、udied, was built thirty years ago.7.John said hed been working in the office for an hour,_ was true. whowhomwhichwhichwhenwherewhich1. He is a hard working student, _ we all know. 2. He has won first prize, _ we all expected. 3. _ we hoped, he came to help us. 4. _ was planned, the work was finished
22、 on time. 4. “as” can be used to refer to a whole sentence.asAsAsaswhich VS as 1.which不置于句首，不置于句首，as可放在句首可放在句首/中中/末末。2. as有表有表“正如正如”之意，而之意，而which 不能。不能。as 引导的非限制性定语从句一些固定句型：引导的非限制性定语从句一些固定句型： 1as has been said before 如上所述如上所述 2as may be imagined 正如可以想象出来的那样正如可以想象出来的那样 3as is well known 众所周知众所周知 4as
23、was expected 正如预料的那样正如预料的那样 5as has been already pointed out 正如已经指出的那样正如已经指出的那样 6as we all can see 正如我们都会看到的那样正如我们都会看到的那样 7. as is often the case 情况通常如此情况通常如此 8. as is reported in the newspaper一、一、单句语法填空单句语法填空。1. Mr Smith, native language is English, can speak Chinese fluently.2. We will be shown ar
24、ound the city, schools and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go.3. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of _ are sold abroad.4. is known to all, Madame Curie won the Nobel Prize twice for her great scientific discoveries.PracticePracticewhosewherewhichAs5. This
25、 is Mr Smith, I think has something interesting to tell you.6. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, , of course, made the others unhappy.7. I have invited some friends to the party, most of are from abroad.8. There are two buildings, the larger of stands nearly a hundred feet
26、high.9. The children, wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.10. He likes Paris, _ he has lived for a long time.whowhichwhomwhichwhowhere完成句子完成句子。1. Last week I passed the examination, .上周我通过了考试，那是很重要的考试。上周我通过了考试，那是很重要的考试。2. Tom sold his house, .汤姆卖掉了他的房子，这汤姆卖掉了他的房子，这 （件事件事）使他的父亲很
27、生气。使他的父亲很生气。3. The professor has two sons, are studying in the same university.教授有两个儿子，他们都在同一所大学教授有两个儿子，他们都在同一所大学读书读书。4. , he studies very hard.正如我们所知，他学习非常刻苦。正如我们所知，他学习非常刻苦。5. We will put off the outing until next week, .我们要把远足延期到下周，那时我们就不会这么忙了。我们要把远足延期到下周，那时我们就不会这么忙了。which was importantwhich made his father very angryboth of whom As we all knowwhen we wont be so busy
