1、Working the landUnit 5Language Points一词汇扩充一词汇扩充1. _1. _ v. v. 把把献献( (给给) )；把；把专用于；专心于专用于；专心于_ adj. adj. 忠诚的忠诚的_ n. n. 献身，热爱献身，热爱2. _2. _ v. v. 使确信使确信_ adj. adj. 确信的确信的_ adj. adj. 令人信服的令人信服的3. _3. _adj.adj.习惯的；传统的习惯的；传统的_ n. n.惯例；常规；惯例；常规；习俗习俗4. _4. _ v. v. 假定；假设假定；假设_ n. n. 假定；假设假定；假设5. _ v. 5. _ v.
2、 扩张，扩大；展开；膨胀扩张，扩大；展开；膨胀_ n._ n.扩大，扩充；扩大，扩充；发展，膨胀发展，膨胀6. _ vt. 6. _ vt. 估计；估价；估算估计；估价；估算_ n._ n.估算；看法估算；看法7. _ n.7. _ n.消费消费_ _ v. v.消费消费_n._n.消费者消费者8. _ n. 8. _ n. 现实；实际情况；事实现实；实际情况；事实_ adj. _ adj. 真实的真实的_ ad_ adv v. . 真实地真实地devote devoted devotion convince convinced convincing conventional conventi
3、on assume assumption expand expansion estimate estimation consumption consume consumer reality real really 9. _ adj. 含盐的；咸的含盐的；咸的_ n. 盐盐10. _ n. 营养；滋养营养；滋养_ adj. 有营养的；营养丰有营养的；营养丰富的富的_ adj. 营养营养(物物)的的11. _ vt. 消化；领会消化；领会_ n. 消化；领悟消化；领悟12. _ n. 向下向下(或向里或向里)的距离；深的距离；深(度度)_ adj. 深深的的_ adv. 非常；深刻地；强烈地非常；
4、深刻地；强烈地_ v. 变变深；深；加强，变强烈加强，变强烈13. _ adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的整个的；完全的；全部的_ adv. 完全完全地；全然地；完整地地；全然地；完整地salty salt nutrition nutritious nutritional digest digestion depth deep entire entirely deeply deepen working the land vt. 耕种耕种(土地土地); 使工作使工作;开动开动;创造创造(奇迹奇迹);经营经营 (工厂、农场等）工厂、农场等） vi. 工作工作;（机器等）开动；（办法、计划等）（机器等
5、）开动；（办法、计划等） 行得通行得通,奏效奏效 They are working the land together in a very enthusiastic way/ with great enthusiasm.一词多义一词多义的的work1. I dont think that your suggestion will work.2. Did the machine work?3. She was a skillful speaker who knew how to work a crowd.4. The pills the doctor gave me arent working.
6、5. If you cant work a miracle, work with the miracle that has already taken place. 6. Im worried about him. He hasnt yet understood that all work and no play makes ack a dull boy.奏效，起作用奏效，起作用运转，运行运转，运行管理管理- - 吊起观众的胃口吊起观众的胃口奏效，起作用奏效，起作用使奏效，造成，产生使奏效，造成，产生只工作不玩耍，聪明的杰克也变傻只工作不玩耍，聪明的杰克也变傻hybrid riceHe dev
7、oted all his life to growing the hybrid rice.献身，致力于献身，致力于devote vt. to give most of your time, energy, attention, etc. to sb./sth. 致力，奉献致力，奉献常用搭配常用搭配 devote . to . 把把用在用在上，为上，为付出付出devote oneself to . 献身于，致力于，专心于献身于，致力于，专心于devote ones life / time / energy / attention to Kobi devoted all his life to _
8、(play)basketball. Housewives devote themselves to doing domestic chores. playing【知识延伸】【知识延伸】表达表达“献身于献身于, 专心于专心于”的常用短语还有的常用短语还有: commit oneself to. . . apply oneself to. . . dedicate oneself to. . . be absorbed in【拓展拓展】devoted adj. adj. 献身的；忠实献身的；忠实/ /诚的，深爱的诚的，深爱的devotion n. n. 献身，奉献，致力；忠实，热献身，奉献，致力；
9、忠实，热/ /关爱关爱【单句填空单句填空】1) The bands latest album is very poor, although _ (devote) fans might enjoy it.2) Her _ (devote) to the job left her with very little free time.3) _ (devote) to scientific research wholeheartedly, he spends little time with his family.4) He continued to work there for almost 50
10、 years, _ (devote) his life to his research work.5) The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to _(observe) the behavior of the chimps.devoteddevotionDevoteddevotingobserving【拓展拓展】devoted adj. 献身的；忠实献身的；忠实/诚的，深爱的诚的，深爱的devotion n. 献身，奉献，致力；忠实，热献身，奉献，致力；忠实，热/关爱关爱【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1) 我叔叔决定把余生献给科学研究。
11、我叔叔决定把余生献给科学研究。2) 她欣然放弃了兼职工作，全身心地投入到艺术事业中去。她欣然放弃了兼职工作，全身心地投入到艺术事业中去。My uncle decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific study.She gladly gave up her part-time job to devote herself entirely to art.Many Filipinos are suffering from food shortage. The shortage of water posesthe farmers. lack
12、 food【拓展拓展】 a shortage/lack of 缺少缺少.，短缺，短缺. shortly adv.不久不久 be/ run/ go short of 缺乏缺乏. be short in 在在方面短缺方面短缺 There is a/no shortage of sth. be short of 短缺，缺乏短缺，缺乏 be short for 是是 缩写缩写 shorten vt. 缩短；减少缩短；减少 【单句填空单句填空】1) The long hot summer has led to serious water _(short).2) The workers pay was r
13、aised and their working hours _(shorten).【句子翻译句子翻译】由于缺乏廉价的住房，很多人不得不离开这个城市。由于缺乏廉价的住房，很多人不得不离开这个城市。shortageswere shortenedDue to the lack/ shortage of cheap housing, numerous people have to leave the city.She has spent a lot of time scratching her head about how to tackle the difficult math problem. s
14、olve/ deal with/ cope with tackleproblemscriseschallengestackle sb. about sth.关于某事关于某事与某人交涉与某人交涉I tackled him about the money he owed me. 1)In the last forty years the Chinese government has made great contributions to _(tackle)poverty in China. 2)有四种不同的方法解决这个问题。（有四种不同的方法解决这个问题。（tackle）3)However, wh
15、at concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. _ (tackle)this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.tacklingThere are four different ways to tackle the p
16、roblem.To tackle The financial crisis left many people unemployed, which couldnt _(tackle)by economic experts. The bomb-disposal expert successfully tackled many crises. be tackled _ n. 危机危难时刻危机危难时刻_ n. pl.The business is still in crisis but it has survived the worst of the recession.(经济衰退期）crisiscr
17、ises a political/ financial crisis a crisis of confidencebe in crisis 处于危机中处于危机中Some farmers have boosted yield in their fields.Farmers have attained a higher yield in their fields.Farmers have expanded their output greatly. By contrast, other farmers had low yield in their fields. The movie helped
18、boost his screen career. Winning the competition was a wonderful boost for his confidence.boost v. to make sth. increase, or become better or more successful 促进，推动，使兴旺促进，推动，使兴旺boost n. something that helps or encourages sb./sth. 帮助，激励帮助，激励 boost: vt. 使增长; 使兴旺 n. 增长; 提高; 激励 boost sbs confidence/moral
19、e 增强某人的信心/士气The turtle uses a rocket to boost his speed.The government has taken action to boost the economy. His investments yielded good returns.The soldiers had to yield.yield vt. to produce crops, profits etc. 出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）常用搭配常用搭配 yield results/ profits 产生结果产生结果/ /利润利润yield
20、 fruits 结出硕果结出硕果1) Although no fruit _ (yield) during the winter, this cold period is good for the tree.2) The research has been in progress since 1961 and _ (yield)a large number of positive results up to now.is yieldedhas yieldedyield vi. to allow yourself to be forced or persuaded to do something
21、 or stop having something 屈服；放弃屈服；放弃常用搭配常用搭配 yield to sb./ sth. 屈服，让步于屈服，让步于1) The long cruel winter came to an end at last, _(yield) to a gentle warm spring.2) Influenced by advertisement, it is very easy for customers _(yield) to temptation and spend too much money.yieldingto yieldHe tried to conv
22、ince me to cooperate with him in business.He convinced me of his enthusiasm for the job.convince vt. to make someone feel certain that something is true使确信使确信; ; 使信服使信服常用搭配常用搭配convince sb. that 使某人相信使某人相信 of sth. 使某人相信某事使某人相信某事 to do sth. 说服某人做某事说服某人做某事我的父母一直说服我去挑战自己，对此我非常感激。我的父母一直说服我去挑战自己，对此我非常感激。M
23、y parents have always convinced me to challenge myself, for which Im really grateful.试图让她相信她无需减肥是没有用的。试图让她相信她无需减肥是没有用的。It is no use trying to convince her that she doesnt need to lose weight.sb. be convinced (that)/of.(某人某人)坚信坚信【拓展拓展】convinced adj. adj. 确信的，深信的确信的，深信的 convincing adj.adj. 令人信服的令人信服的【
24、单句填空单句填空】1) Influenced by advertisement, its very easy for customers _ (convince) to buy what they dont want.2) This is the most _ (convince) evidence that I can find to prove my point.3) _ (convince) of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it .【完成句子完成句子】4) Only by presenting the fa
25、ct and reasoning things out, _.摆事实，讲道理，才能让你信服摆事实，讲道理，才能让你信服to be convincedconvincingConvincedcan we convince people【语境应用语境应用】用两种搭配翻译句子。用两种搭配翻译句子。 我确信她是无辜的。我确信她是无辜的。I am convinced of her innocence.I am convinced that she is innocent.The president is always speaking with a characteristic way.speak in
26、this way. The twins have quite different characteristics. have several characteristics in common5. characteristic: n. 特征; 特点; 品质 adj. 典型的; 独特的 be characteristic of 具有的特征 character : n. 特性; 特点; 特色 (1) This plant has its own characteristic smell. (2) Honesty is the most important characteristic in a p
27、erson. characteristic（adj.）典型的，特有的（）典型的，特有的（n.）特征，）特征，特点; 品质 adv. 典型地典型地 adj. 非典型的，非通常地非典型的，非通常地 （n.）角色，特征，性格，品质）角色，特征，性格，品质 (1) The remark was quite uncharacteristic of her. (2) Characteristically, Helen paid for everyone.characteristicallycharacteruncharacteristic这话不像是她说的。这话不像是她说的。海伦按照她惯常的做法，为每个人付
28、了费。海伦按照她惯常的做法，为每个人付了费。He set himself a high goal that he would earn 100 million yuan and spared no effort to attain it. Do you think it is an attainable goal? to succeed in getting sth, usually after a lot of effort （通常经过努力）获得，得到（通常经过努力）获得，得到The cheetah, generally considered as the worlds fastest an
29、imal, can attain speeds of up to 97 kph. to reach a particular age, level or condition 达到（某年龄、水平、状况）达到（某年龄、水平、状况）attain（v.）经过努力经过努力获得获得 + attain ones goal获得：获得：obtain，gain，acquire ，get an goal adj. 可获得的,可达到的 n. 成就，造诣，达到 attainattainFarmers have （获得更高产量）in their fields.attained a higher yielda belief
30、 or feeling that sth. is true or that sth. will happen, although there is no proof 假定；假设假定；假设The general made an assumption that they would end the war before Christmas.Unfortunately, the assumption was shattered by our Chinese army.It is reasonable to assume (that) the economy will continue to impr
31、ove. 认为认为经济将继续好转是有道理的。经济将继续好转是有道理的。to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it 假定；假设；认为假定；假设；认为No one assumed her to be innocent. It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。，紧张是工作过重所致。假定假定/ /假设某人假设某人/ /某事为某事为.【单句填空单句填空】1) People tend to m
32、ake _ (assume) about you based on your appearance at your first meeting.2) We are working _ the assumption that everyone invited will turn up. 3) _ (assume) that the work will be finished ahead of time, what should we do next.onmake assumptions about sth. 对某事作出假设对某事作出假设assumptionson the assumption t
33、hat 假设，假定假设，假定Assumingassuming that = given/providing that 假设，假定假设，假定Great changes have taken place in Hongkong since their assumption of power last year. the act of taking or beginning to have power or responsibility assume v. 假定，设想假定，设想常见结构常见结构 make an assumption 认为，假定认为，假定assume sb./sth. to be .
34、假设假设/定某人定某人/物是物是. assuming that . conj. “假如假如”，引导引导条件状语条件状语从句，从句， 和和providing / given that用法相同。用法相同。e.g. Assuming (that) hes still alive, how old would he be now? Dont always assume the worst.We cant assume the suspects to be guilty simply because theyve decided to remain silent.Given that Yuans hyb
35、rids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure. 考虑到考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。休享受闲适的生活。given that在句中作连词，意思是在句中作连词，意思是“考虑到考虑到”“”“假定假定”。类似用法的词有：类似用法的词有：assuming thatsupposing / supposed thatproviding/ provided thatconsidering tha
36、t【翻译句子翻译句子】1) 考虑到她对孩子感兴趣，我确信教书对她来说是合适的职业。考虑到她对孩子感兴趣，我确信教书对她来说是合适的职业。Given that she is interested in children, I am convinced that teaching is the right career for her.2) 假如我们错过了火车，我们该怎么办？假如我们错过了火车，我们该怎么办？Supposing/ Supposed that we miss the train, what shall we do?3) 考虑到学生需要更多的锻炼，老师们决定增加体育课。考虑到学生需要更
37、多的锻炼，老师们决定增加体育课。Given that students need more exercise, teachers have decided to add PE class.The cold was so intense that many soldiers froze to death, which made us heartbroken._adj. 很大的，十分强烈的；严肃紧张的，激烈的_ v. （使）加强，增强，加剧_ adv. 强烈地，激烈地intense heat/cold/painintense interest /anger / competitionintense
38、lyintense酷热，严寒，剧痛intense浓厚的兴趣，极端愤怒，激烈的竞争 be intense about 对对热心热心eg. Hes very intense about volunteer work. intensely adv. 强烈地，激烈地强烈地，激烈地overcome obstacles “伟人伟人”也必须克服障碍才能取得也必须克服障碍才能取得成功。成功。The great minds also have to overcome obstacles to achieve success.He looks anxious.如果他想成功，必须要克服焦虑。If he wants
39、to succeed, he must overcome anxiety._v. .克服（困难）_/ _ 过去式、过去分词_ n. 得胜者overcomerovercameovercomeovercome 改掉恶习 / 克服恐惧 / 战胜敌人be overcome with grief to be extremely strongly affected by sth 受到受到的极大影响的极大影响When her husband died, she was overcome with grief.Overcome with grief, she could not say a single wo
40、rd.= be overwhelmed with fear/ despair / depression【单句填空单句填空】1) He struggled _ (overcome) his shyness in class.2) The difficulty is temporay and once it _ (overcome), the project will go smoothly.3) There are a lot of obtacles _(overcome) before the contract can be signed.4) _(overcome) by emotion,
41、she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes.to overcomeis overcometo overcomeOvercomeThe invaders were trying to expand territories by wars.to become greater in size, number or importance; to make sth greater in size, number or importance 扩大，增加，增强（尺码、数量或重要性）Bread expands when it is heated in
42、 the oven. When my restaurant became very busy, I decided to expand my business. When a reporter wants to know more information, he will ask the interviewer to expand on that point. 4. expand v. 扩大，增加；扩展，发展业务；细谈，详述扩大，增加；扩展，发展业务；细谈，详述 expansion n. 扩大；扩展；扩充物扩大；扩展；扩充物【拓展拓展】 expand on / upon “详述，详细阐明，细说
43、详述，详细阐明，细说”expand.into. 把把扩展扩展/发展成发展成expand into. 发展成发展成/扩大成扩大成译：（译：（1）Could you expand on / upon that point, please? (2)The rapid expansion of cities can cause social and economic problems.（3）The hotel wants to expand its business by adding a swimming pool.这家旅馆想增加一个游泳池来扩大业务。这家旅馆想增加一个游泳池来扩大业务。城市的快速扩
44、张会引起社会和经济问题。城市的快速扩张会引起社会和经济问题。请你详述一下这一点好吗？请你详述一下这一点好吗？expansiveadj. 广阔的，辽阔的，浩瀚的；expand vi. 增加，扩展增加，扩展-expansion n. 扩大，扩张扩大，扩张expand ones horizons/ knowledge/ vocabulary 【单句填空单句填空】1) The teacher expanded _ the uses of the English subjunctive mood in his last lecture.2) He hopes the trip will take pla
45、ce every year and expand _ neighbouring countries. 3) Over the years public library services _(expand).4) The airport _(expand) now will be stocked with the most advanced equipment.5) Given the necessary investment, this region is perfect for economic _(expand).ontohave expandedbeing expandedexpansi
46、on 【翻译翻译】1) 我对你的解释十分满意，因此不需要详细阐述了。我对你的解释十分满意，因此不需要详细阐述了。I am quite satisfied with your explanation, so there is no need to expand on it.2) 随着城市扩张，许多人低价出售他们在农村的旧房子，然后搬进城市里的随着城市扩张，许多人低价出售他们在农村的旧房子，然后搬进城市里的新公寓。新公寓。With the expansion of cities, many people sell off their old houses in the countryside an
47、d move into new flats in cities.expand VS. extend向四面八方扩张，扩大向四面八方扩张，扩大向某一方向延伸向某一方向延伸词条词条意思意思expand范围、体积的扩大、膨胀范围、体积的扩大、膨胀enlarge面积、体积的扩大面积、体积的扩大extend长度、宽度的延伸及时间的延长长度、宽度的延伸及时间的延长spread 物种、疾病、思想、文化等的传播、延伸物种、疾病、思想、文化等的传播、延伸 n. 产量; 输出; 输出量 vt. 输出 n. 输入; 投入 v. 输入data outputoutputinputan output deviceoutpu
48、t data It is hard to estimate how many people have taken part in the demonstration/ strike.Police estimated the crowd at 3000 and it was estimated that the strike would last at least 2 days. No one could give a rough estimate of the number. The strike was estimated to last at least 2 days. _ v. 估计；估
49、量 n. 判断，看法，评价；（对水平、数量等的）估计 v. 低估、轻视 v. 高估 It is estimated that = sth. is estimated to do 据估计 estimation estimate underestimateoverestimaterough estimate / budget estimate 粗略的估计，粗算粗略的估计，粗算概算；预算概算；预算a rough estimate of sth. 对对.(.(粗略的粗略的) )估计估计 【单句填空单句填空】1) Together, the value of these metals _(estimat
50、e) to be about 52 billion.2) The earthquake cause damage to property _(estimate) at 6 million.3) The deal is estimated _(be) worth around $1.5 million. is estimatedestimatedto be【翻译句子翻译句子】 据估计，有据估计，有100100位名人将参加明天晚上的联欢会。位名人将参加明天晚上的联欢会。It is estimated that 100 celebrities will get involved in the gal
