1、词汇课1. crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 同：vital, significant, important crucially adv. 关键地；至关重要地短语：be crucial to/for 对.是至关重要的 play a crucial role/part in. 在.中扮演重要角色 It is crucial that.(should) do .是至关重要的 It is crucial that the problem _ immediately. 关键是要马上处理这一问题。 The support of our fans _our winning the Super
2、 Cup. 球迷的支持对我们赢得超级杯非常关键。(should) be solvedis crucial to/for2. vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的 vitally adv. 极其;紧要地;生死攸关地短语：短语：be vital to/for 对是至关重要的 It is vital to do sth. 做某事是很重要的 It is vital that(should) do是十分重要的。(从句用虚拟语气,should可以省略) Perseverance _success. 毅力对于成功是至关重要的. It is vital that human beings_
3、 the rules of nature. 重要的是人类应该服从大自然的规则。is vital to(should) obey3. commit vt.承诺;保证vi.忠于;全心全意投入committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 commitment n.承诺,保证；（对工作或某活动）献身；奉献 短语： commit a crime/mistake/murder/suicide 犯罪/犯错误/杀人/自杀 be committed to sth./doing sth. 承诺/致力于（做）某事 commit oneself to sth./doing sth./to do sth. 承
4、诺做某事 make a commitment to do sth. 承诺做某事Both sides _ settle the dispute peacefully. 双方承诺和平解决争端。The President _reforming health care. 总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。committed themselves tois committed to4. evaluate vt.评价；评估 evaluation n. 评估；估算 短语: make an evaluation of 对.进行评估The school has only been open for six month
5、s, so its hard to _.这所学校才开了六个月，所以很难评价它的成功。 Afterwards, they _the health care system. 后来，他们对医疗保健制度进行了评价。evaluate its successmade an evaluation of5. distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的 distinction n. 区别, 差别; 特性; 短语： be distinct/different from.与.不同 make/draw a distinction 区分开来；区别对待 the distinction between A a
6、nd B A和B之间的区别 It is distinct that. 很明显.The learning needs of the two groups _each other.这两个组的学习需求是有区别的。Philosophers did not use to _between arts and science.哲学家过去习惯不把人文科学与自然科学区别开来。are distinct frommake a distinction6. obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 贏得vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行 同：gain, get, acquire短语： obtain.from/out
7、 of /through.从.中得到 obtain ones permission 得到某人许可 obtain information 获取信息 obtain evidence 取证You should _from the head teacher before you leave school.得到校长的许可后，你才能离校。Both of these books can _the library. 这两本书都可以在图书馆中取得。obtain the permissionbe obtained from7. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢 acknowle
8、dgement n. 承认;感谢短语： acknowledge (doing) sth. 承认(做了)某事 acknowledge that 承认 acknowledge sth./sb. to be/as 承认某事/某人是 It is universally/generally acknowledged that 是大家公认的。 He refused to_, which made mom very annoyed. 他不承认他的错误，这使得他妈妈很生气。 He _the best pianist in the world. 他是大家公认的世界上最好的钢琴家acknowledge his m
9、istakeis universally acknowledged as8. defeat n. 失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜短语： a big/bad defeat 大败 suffer (a) defeat 遭受失败 accept/acknowledge defeat接受/承认失败 defeat the enemy打败敌人 Ive tried to solve the problem, but_. 我已经尝试去解决这个问题了 ，但它还是打败了我。 No matter what happened, they refused to_. 无论发生什么，他们拒绝承认失败。it defeatd mea
10、cknowledge defeat9. insist vi.& vt. 坚持; 坚决要求 短语：insist on/upon doing sth. 坚决要求做某事 insist (that) + (should) do坚决要求;坚决主张(从句用虚拟语气) insist (that) 坚持说;坚持认为(从句用陈述语气)She was stubborn and insisted that the work _ahead of schedule. 她很固执，坚持要求工作要提前完成。My sister insisted that_.我妹妹坚持说她是正确的。(should) be finishedshe
11、 was right10. conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束 conclude vt. 推断出；得出结论；使结束vi.结束；终止短语：jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论 draw/reach/come to/arrive at a/the conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion=to conclude 最后；总之；总而言之 conclude.from.从中推断出 conclude sth.with./by doing. 以结束拓展表示“最后；总而言之”的其他表达：in a word, in brief, all in all, in short,
12、 on the whole, in closing_, we have learnt a lot from the activity. 总之，我们在这个活动中受益匪浅。 He_that they didnt agree to the plan. 他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。In conclusionconcluded from their words11. circumstance n.条件,情况;情形,形势短语：in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下 in/under no circumstances 绝不,无论如何都不 (置于句首时,句子用部分倒装
13、) in reduced circumstances 境况变差;生活拮据【拓展】以下短语均表示“绝不”, 置于句首时,句子用部分倒装。in no sense/way; at no time; on no account/condition; by no means等。 We oppose capital punishment_. 无论在什么情况下，我们都不赞成死刑。你绝对不可以出去。(倒装) _under/in any circumstances Under/In no circumstances can you go out.12. passion n.酷爱；激情 passionate ad
14、j. 热情的；狂热的；热爱的；酷爱的 develop a passion for 对.产生爱好；培养.的热情 have a passion for 酷爱. with passion 充满激情地 out of a strong passion for 出于对.的热情 He _music. 他酷爱音乐。 She often takes her son to the gallery, trying to help him _. 她经常带她儿子去画廊，试图帮助他培养艺术的爱好。has a passion fordevelop a passion for art13. come to power (开始
15、)掌权；上台 短语：be in power执政;掌权 do all/everything in ones power 尽力而为某事;竭尽全力做某事 beyond/out of ones power 力所不能及的 come to an end 结束 come to an agreement 达成协议 come to a/the conclusion 得出结论The party _four years ago. =The party _for four years. 这个政党执政四年了。came to powerhas been in power14. consequence n. 结果; 后果;
16、 影响 consequent adj. 作为结果的;随之而来的 consequently adv. 结果,因此短语：as a consequence = in consequence/as a result 结果,因此 as a consequence of = in consequence of/as a result of 因为;由于 take/suffer/face the consequences (of sth) 承担的后果I am quite willing to_. 我非常愿意承担后果。She was over the age limit and, _,her applicati
17、on was rejected.她超过了年龄限制，所以她的申请被拒绝了。take the consequencein consequence/ as a consequence15. take up 继续;开始从事(一项新的工作)或开始承担(一项新的责任);占据空间、位置;接受(建议或挑战);学着做 短语：take off 脱掉;起飞;休假;开始成功 take on 雇用;呈现 take over接管 take in 收留;包括;理解;记住;欺骗 take down 拆开;写下 take back 收回(所说的错话) Roger _ painting for a while, but soon
18、 lost interest. Roger刚学了一阵子画画，但很快就失去了兴趣。 She _his work after his departure. 他离开之后她接管了她的工作。took overtook up16. encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到 n. 邂逅; 遭遇短语：encounter problems/ difficulties 遇到问题/困难 have an encounter with 与.相遇同：come across /run into/bump into/meet with 偶然遇到；偶然发现 When I _in English learning, my t
19、eacher always helps me overcome problems patiently.当我在英语学习中遇到问题，我的老师总是耐心地帮我克服困难。On a rainy day, he _with an old friend in Rome. 在一个雨夜，他在罗马遇到了一个老朋友。encounter problemshad an encounter17. sum v. 总结; 概括；n. 金额; 款项; 总数 短语： sum up: 总结; 概括 to sum up: 概括地说 in sum: 总之; 总而言之 a large sum of money/cash 一大笔钱/现金_, we need to concentrate on staff training.总的来说，我们需要专注于员工培训。Please _the main point of the lesson in three ideas in three sentences.请用三句话来总结这堂课的重点。To sum upsum up
