1、1. antique2. pleasant3. massive4. breath5. minimum6. peak7. freezing8. misty9. dusk10. highlight11. border12. idiom最小值最小值古董；古老的古董；古老的令人愉快的令人愉快的顶峰；山峰顶峰；山峰巨大的巨大的呼吸的空气呼吸的空气习语；成语习语；成语国界；边界国界；边界( (地区地区) )最精彩的部分；强调最精彩的部分；强调极冷的；冰冻的极冷的；冰冻的多雾的；模糊的多雾的；模糊的黄昏；傍晚黄昏；傍晚Journey Across a Vast LandUnit 4GrammarPast p
2、articiples vs the -ing form过去分词和过去分词和-ing形式形式过去分词作表语和状语过去分词作表语和状语一、过去分词作表语一、过去分词作表语 1 1、过去分词作表语的意义、过去分词作表语的意义【观察思考】【观察思考】 (1) The girls were amazed to see such an open country. 女孩们看到这样一个开阔的国家感到惊奇。女孩们看到这样一个开阔的国家感到惊奇。 (2) He seemed quite delighted at the news. 听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。 (3) The door r
3、emained unlocked when I went back home. 我回家时门仍然未锁。我回家时门仍然未锁。【探究总结】【探究总结】 过去分词除了放在过去分词除了放在be动词后动词后, ,也可放在也可放在 remain、seem、get、feel、look、 become等之后作表语等之后作表语, ,表示主语所处的表示主语所处的_(_(动作动作/ /状态状态) )。状态状态【应用实践】【应用实践】(1)Thousands of holidaymakers remained _abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. stuck B. stic
4、k C. sticked D. sticking(2) Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. seating B. seated C. seat D. sat(3) Why do you always look _? A. tiring B. tire C. tired D. tying(4) I _ at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better. A. am disappointing
5、 B. am disappointed C. was disappointing D. was disappointed2 2、过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别、过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别 【观察思考】【观察思考】 (1) The cup is broken. 杯子破了。杯子破了。( (系表结构系表结构) )(2) The cup was broken by Tom. 杯子是汤姆打破的。杯子是汤姆打破的。( (被动语态被动语态) )【探究总结】【探究总结】 过去分词作表语时过去分词作表语时, , 强调主语所处的强调主语所处的 _ _，而动词的被动语态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受
6、者表示主语是动作的承受者, , 强调强调 _ _。 ( (动作动作/ /状态状态) )【应用实践】【应用实践】翻译句子。翻译句子。 门是关着的。门是关着的。 _ 门被他关上了。门被他关上了。 _状态状态动作动作The door is closed.The door was closed by him.3.3.感觉类及物动词的动词感觉类及物动词的动词-ing形式与过去分词作表语的区别形式与过去分词作表语的区别【观察思考】【观察思考】 (1) We were surprised at what he said at the meeting. 我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊
7、讶。 (2)His words were discouraging, and thats why many people were discouraged. 他的话令人泄气他的话令人泄气, ,这就是很多人灰心丧气的原因。这就是很多人灰心丧气的原因。 (3)His look was puzzled because the problem was puzzling. 他的表情很困惑他的表情很困惑, ,因为这个问题令人困惑不解。因为这个问题令人困惑不解。【探究总结】【探究总结】 过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态, ,常译作常译作“_”;
8、”;动词动词-ing-ing形式多表示事物具有的特性形式多表示事物具有的特性, ,常译作常译作“_”“_”感到感到的的令人令人的的【应用实践】【应用实践】(1)We were _ at the result of the experiment, because it was a bit too _. A. disappointing; disappointing B. disappointed; disappointing C. disappointed; disappointed D. disappointing; disappointed(2) The news was _ and the
9、y were all _ at it. A. exciting; exciting B. excited; exciting C. excited; excited D. exciting; excited(3) We all felt _ at the _ news. A. encouraging; encouraging B. encouraged; encouraging C. encouraged; encouraged D. encouraging; encouraged (4) The audience were all _ to tears by the _ film. A. m
10、oving; moving B. moved; moving C. moved; moving D. moving; moved二、过去分词短语作状语二、过去分词短语作状语 1. 1.过去分词短语作状语的用法过去分词短语作状语的用法【观察思考】【观察思考】 ( (1) Seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful. = When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful. 从山顶上看从山顶上看, ,这座城镇看起来更加漂亮。这座城
11、镇看起来更加漂亮。 (2) Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. = Because they were deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. 由于被故事深深地感动由于被故事深深地感动, ,孩子们开始哭了起来。孩子们开始哭了起来。 (3) Given more time, we could do it much better. = If we were given more time, we could do it much better. 如果多给我们点
12、时间如果多给我们点时间, ,我们会做得更好。我们会做得更好。 (4) Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope. = Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope. 尽管被对手击败尽管被对手击败, ,但是他从没放弃任何希望。但是他从没放弃任何希望。 (5) The president of the company came to the factory, followed by some workers. = The president of
13、the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers. 公司总经理在几位工人的陪同下来到工厂。公司总经理在几位工人的陪同下来到工厂。时间时间原因原因条件条件让步让步伴随伴随【探究总结】【探究总结】 过去分词作状语，可以表示过去分词作状语，可以表示_、_、_、_、_和结果，相当于一个状语从句或和结果，相当于一个状语从句或and连接的并连接的并列结构。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。列结构。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。时间时间原因原因条件条件让步让步伴随伴随【应用实践】【应用
14、实践】(1)_ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art. A. Founding B. Founded C. Found D. It was founded(2) When _ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A. asking B. he asking C. asked D. he asked(3) _ with care
15、, one tin will last for six weeks. A. Used B. Using C. It is used D. It is using2. 过去分词短语作状语时在句中的位置过去分词短语作状语时在句中的位置【观察思考】【观察思考】 (1) Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home. 得知母亲病了得知母亲病了,李雷赶紧回家。李雷赶紧回家。 (2) The old man walked into the room, supported by his son. 老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间
16、。【探究总结】【探究总结】 过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时, 通常放在通常放在 _ (句首句首/句句末末)；作伴随、结果状语时；作伴随、结果状语时, 通常放在通常放在_(句首句首/句末句末)；作方式状语时；作方式状语时,一般放在句末一般放在句末,有时也放在句首有时也放在句首;作让步状语时作让步状语时,一般放在句首一般放在句首,有时也放在句有时也放在句末。末。句首句首句末句末【应用实践】【应用实践】(1)_ from the plane, the Great Wall looks like a long fence on top of the windi
17、ng mountains. A. Seeing B. Seen C. See D. Saw(2) They came into the meeting room, _ by their wives. A. follow B. following C. followed D. was followed(3) I went on talking, though continually _ by George. A. interrupt B. was interrupted C. interrupting D. interrupted3. 过去分词的独立主格结构作状语过去分词的独立主格结构作状语【观
18、察思考】【观察思考】 Extra money given to the poor, he felt very happy. = Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy. 又给了穷人一些钱后又给了穷人一些钱后,他感到很高兴。他感到很高兴。【探究总结】【探究总结】 过去分词短语作状语时过去分词短语作状语时,有时在分词前加上自己的有时在分词前加上自己的_ (主主/宾宾)语语, 这种这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立主格结构独立主格结构。过去分词的独。过去分词的独立主格
19、结构通常在句中作立主格结构通常在句中作_ (状状/定定)语语,可表示时间、原因、条件等。可表示时间、原因、条件等。主主状状【应用实践】【应用实践】1. The plan successfully _, everything worked out perfectly. A. was carried out B. carried out C. was carrying out D. carrying out 2. The boy _, blood streamed down his head. A. was knocked over B. knocked over C. was knocking
20、over D. knocking over 3. The task _, we had a trip around the world. A. was completed B. completed C. was completing D. completing4.过去分词短语与动词过去分词短语与动词-ing短语作状语的区别短语作状语的区别【观察思考】【观察思考】 (1) Asked why he was late, he cried. 被问到他为什么迟到时被问到他为什么迟到时,他哭了他哭了。 (2) Looking out of the window, I saw some students
21、playing there. 我朝窗外望去我朝窗外望去,看见几个学生正在那边玩耍看见几个学生正在那边玩耍。【探究总结】【探究总结】 过去分词短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的过去分词短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的_关系关系,即表示被动即表示被动;动词动词-ing短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的_关系关系,即表示主动即表示主动。（主谓（主谓/动宾动宾）动宾动宾主谓主谓状语中的动词与逻辑主语的关系为主动，则用状语中的动词与逻辑主语的关系为主动，则用_；被动，则用被动，则用_-ing-ed【应用实践】【应用实践】用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。 _ (
22、find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. Time, _ (use) correctly, is money in the bank. _ (use) the book, I find it useful. _ (worry) about his sons safety, he didnt sleep well. _ (hear) the joke, I couldnt help laughing.FindingusedUsingWorriedHearing纪录片纪录片 周游加拿大周游加拿大 在路上在路上国家公园国家公园https:/
