1、 Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 4.1 Reading and Thinking 课文语言点点拨1. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. rather than 而不是 （1） rather than 为并列连词，表示选择，意为“而不是”。它通常用在平行结构中，连接两个并列的句子成分，即rather than 前后两部分在成分和形式上应该一致。并列成分可以是动词、名词、代
2、词、形容词、介词（短语）、动名词、分句、不定式等。 He ran rather than walked.They saw many goats rather than grizzly bears.The scenery was awesome rather than uninviting.Well have the meeting in the classroom, rather than in the great hall. （2）prefer to dorather than do=would do rather than do=would rather do than do He pre
3、fers to stay at home rather than go to see a film.=he would stay at home rather than go to see a film.=he would rather stay at home than go to see a film.Practice:1.She telephoned rather than _(write).2.She enjoys singing rather than _(dance)3.You rather than I _(be)going to see the scenery.4.I pref
4、er to _(get)up early rather than go to school without breakfast.=I would rather _(get )up early than go to school without breakfast. =I would get up early rather than _(go) to school without breakfast.Answers:1.wrote 2.dancing 3.are 4.get , get, go2. Later, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just
5、 a short distance away. pleasant adj.令人愉快的;友好的Its always pleasant to do what youre good at doing.please vt.使高兴;使满意pleased adj.高兴的;满意的pleasing adj.令人愉快的pleasure n.愉悦;快乐 Wilson was _with his _design. It gives me great_(please)to introduce our school life.they often remember the_days they had with you.
6、pleasedpleasingpleasurepleasant3. The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise. arise vi. (arose, arisen)起起身；出现；由身；出现；由引起引起 arise from/out of=result from 由由引起，产生引起，产生【一词多义一词多义】写出下列句中写出下列句中arise 的含义的含义Seeing his mother returned home, the boy arose from his chair immedi
7、ately. _Are there any matters arising from the minutes of the last meeting? _ He arose at dawn. _A new crisis has arisen. _ 起立起立 出现出现动身动身出现出现单词单词词性词性/词义词义过去式过去式过去分词过去分词现在分词现在分词arisevi. 起身；出现；起身；出现；由由引起引起arosearisenarisingrisevi. 渐渐上升渐渐上升; 起立，起立，起身起身roserisenrisingraisevt. 举起，使升高；举起，使升高；提升，提拔；提出提升，提拔
8、；提出raisedraisedraisingarouse vt. 唤起唤起 arousedarousedarousing【辨析比较辨析比较】arise, rise, raise, arousearouse ones interest/ suspicions 引起某人的兴趣、怀疑引起某人的兴趣、怀疑New problems will _one after another in future. The housing prices keep_ in spite of the governments regulations. His remark not only broke the ice, bu
9、t _everyones interest. Smoke _ from the chimney.The river has _ by several meters.She _her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.【选词填空选词填空】 ：arise, rise, raise, arouse.ariserising aroused_ _ aroserisenraised4. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue
10、water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.breath n. 呼吸的空气呼吸的空气(1)hold ones breath 屏住呼吸take a deep breath 深吸一口气;深呼吸 take breath 喘口气;歇口气 take sb. s breath away 令人惊叹lose ones breath 喘不过气来 out of breath 上气不接下气;气喘吁吁 (2)breathe v. 呼吸;喘气;吸入(空气) breathe in 吸气 breathe out 呼气 The whal
11、e can _under water for half an hour.鲸鱼能在水下屏住呼吸待半小时。_and you may feel relaxed.深深地吸一口气，那样你会觉得轻松的。The sight of the beautiful mountains _.这美丽的山色使我们为之惊叹。When getting to the top of the mountain, they almost_.当到达山顶时,他们几乎喘不过气来。The doctor asked me to _ then to _fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。the children were_ after t
12、he race.比赛后，孩子们都气喘吁吁。hold its breathTake a deep breathtook our breath awaylost their breath breathe in breathe out out of breath5. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10.freezing adj.极冷的，冰冻的极冷的，冰冻的句中freezing用法特殊，是副词，修饰后面的形容词cold.Freezing 主要用作形容词，表示“极冷的”Eg: Its so
13、cold. Im freezing! 太冷了。我要冻僵了。Freezing 还可作名词，相当于freezing point, 意思是“冰点”Eg：The temperature tomorrow will fall below freezing (point). 明天气温将降到冰点以下。(1)above/below freezing 在冰点以上/下(2)freeze v. (使)结冰;凝固;冷藏;冰冻; (因恐惧等而)呆住(3)frozen adj.冰冻的;严寒的;冷冻的;冷藏的 be frozen with fear 被吓呆了 Temperatures remained _during th
14、e afternoon. 下午温度仍保持在冰点以下。 Its _ here. Cant we shut a few windows? The low temperature_ (freeze)my flowers._(freeze) food must be thawed (解冻)before cooking.when_ (freeze),water turns into ice. what do people do when Lake Louise _ over in winter. At the sight of the fierce tiger, the visitor _ (被吓呆了)
15、 and couldnt move.below freezing freezing froze Frozen Frozen freezes was frozen with fear with daily temperatures averaging -10C是典型的with 复合结构，其构成为“with +名词(短语)+动词-ing形式短语”，在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的、结果和状态等。With复合结构还有其他形式。Eg: With ten minutes to go, lets take a taxi to the airport. （with+名词+动词不定式短语） Wi
16、th the work finished, all the workers left the factory and went home. （with+名词+过去分词） Miss Zhang entered the classroom, with a smile on her face. （with+名词+介词短语） I like to sleep with the window open. （with+名词+形容词） With John away, we get more room. （with+名词+副词） Practice: I cant go out_. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。A
17、ll the afternoon he worked _. 整个下午他都锁着门在工作。_, we cant visited it. 因为这座庙正在维修，我们不能去参观。 The man was walking on the street,_. 那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书The square looks more beautiful than even_ 所有的灯亮起来， 广场看起来更漂亮了。you shouldnt speak _ 你不应该满嘴食物说话。with all these clothes to wash with the door lockedWith the temple be
18、ing repairedwith a book under his armwith all the light onwith your mouth full 6.It was not until 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto. It was not until that直到直到才才It was not until yesterday that I noticed it.直到昨天我次注意到这件事。not until he got seriously ill did he know the i
19、mportance of health.直到他得了重病,他才知道健康的重要性。(1)“not until.”结构常用于强调句型中,其结构为“It is/was not until . that .”。 (2)not until引导时间状语从句置于句首时，从句用陈述语序，主句用倒装语序。Practice: 直到上中学我才意识到父母是多么正确。 I didnt realize how right my parents were _ I entered high school.It wasnt until I entered high school _ I realized how right my
20、 parents were.=Not until I entered high school _ I realize how right my parents were.untilthatdid 翻译：直到我成为我们班的班长，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。_ that I realized the importance of team work. It was not until I became monitor of our class _I realize the importance of team work.Not until I became monitor of our class did
