1、Module 31. Have you heard the latest news?2. Some scientists have sent a spacecraft to Mars.3. And have the astronauts discovered life on Mars?4. But astronauts have already been to the moon.Language practiceGrammar现在完成时用在什么地方呢？现在完成时用在什么地方呢？当我们要表达当我们要表达“某人某人曾经曾经做过某做过某事事”, “某人某人已经已经做了某事做了某事”等意思时等意思时,
2、 英英语要用语要用“现在完成时现在完成时”来表达。来表达。 否定句否定句I have not worked.He/She has not worked.They have not worked. 肯定句肯定句I have worked.He/She has worked.They have worked.haventhasnthavent现在完成时的结构：现在完成时的结构：has/have + done (动词过去分词动词过去分词)现在完成时的肯定形式是：现在完成时的肯定形式是：现在完成时的一般疑问句形式是：现在完成时的一般疑问句形式是：She / He / It / 或人物的单数形式或人物的
3、单数形式 has done sthI/We/You/They或人物的复数形式或人物的复数形式 have done sth现在完成时的一般疑问句形式是：现在完成时的一般疑问句形式是：Has done sth?she / he / it / 或或sb的单数形式的单数形式Have done sth? I / we / you / they / 或或sb的复数形式的复数形式我父母曾经坐船去大连旅游。我父母曾经坐船去大连旅游。她已经完成作业。她已经完成作业。我父母未曾坐船去过大连旅游。我父母未曾坐船去过大连旅游。My parents have travelled to Dalian by ship.Sh
4、e has done (finished) her homework.My parents havent travelled to Dalian by ship.她还没有完成作业。她还没有完成作业。你父母曾经坐船去大连旅游吗？你父母曾经坐船去大连旅游吗？她已经完成作业了吗？她已经完成作业了吗？Have your parents travelled to Dalian by ship?Has she done (finished) her homework?She hasnt done (finished) her homework.要表达要表达“刚刚做完某事刚刚做完某事”、“已经做完某事已经做
5、完某事”时，我们同样可以用现在完成时。如时，我们同样可以用现在完成时。如:I have just heard the news.Astronauts have already been to the moon.可以可以看出看出，just 用来表示用来表示“刚刚刚刚”，already 用来表示用来表示“已经已经”，一般置于一般置于have/has之之后，两者都用于肯定句，后，两者都用于肯定句，在否定句中则要在否定句中则要用用yet,表示表示“还（未）还（未）”。如：。如：The scientists havent heard from it yet. have been to 与与have go
6、ne to 的区别的区别 1. have (has) been to意为意为“曾经去过某曾经去过某地地”，表示现在已经不在那里了。可表示现在已经不在那里了。可与与just, ever, never等连用。等连用。如：如：Ive just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。我刚才去邮局了。Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗？你曾经去过杭州吗？Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。玛丽从未去过长城。have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示后面可接次
7、数，表示去过某地几次。去过某地几次。Ive been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。我去过北京三次。They have been to that village several times. 他们已经去了那个村庄好几次了。他们已经去了那个村庄好几次了。 have been to 与与have gone to 的区别的区别 2. have (has) gone to 意为意为“到某地去到某地去了了”，表示，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。不
8、用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如：如： Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪里？汤姆在哪里？ He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。他到书店去了。 have been to 与与have gone to 的区别的区别 与现在完成时连用的几个副词：与现在完成时连用的几个副词：肯定句肯定句:疑问句和否定句疑问句和否定句: yet 常置于句末常置于句末already, never, ever, just一般置于一般置于 助动词助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前之后，过去分词之前。already, just, ever, yet, never already
9、, just ever, yet, neverA: Have you ?B: Yes, / No, (using already, just, ever, yet, never)1. They havent been to Mars. ( yet ) _2. Many astronauts have visited the space station. ( already ) _ _Many astronauts have already visited the space station.They havent been to Mars yet.Put the words in the co
10、rrect place in each sentence.3. The spacecraft has reached Mars. ( just ) _.4. Weve known that there isnt any life on the moon. ( already ) _ _.The spacecraft has just reached MarsWeve already known that there isnt any life on the moon5. We have started to look at other planets. ( just ) _ _.6. The
11、space shuttle has returned from a visit to the space station.( just ) _ _.We have just started to look at other planetsThe space shuttle has just returned from a visit to the space station1. we / just / TV / programme / on / a / watch / have /. _ _.We have just watched a programme on TV Put the word
12、s in order to make sentences.2. on / discovered / yet / life / they / Mars / havent /. _ _3. already / astronauts / landed / moon / on / the / have. _ _They havent discovered life on Mars yet.Astronauts have already landed on the moon.Look at these sentences.The astronauts have gone to the space sta
13、tion.Theyve gone there, but they havent come back. The astronauts have been to the space station.They went there and they came back.1. Astronauts have been / gone to the moon and returned safely.2. The spacecraft has been / gone into space. It wont return.3. The space shuttle has been / gone to the
14、space station. It will come back tomorrow.4. The space shuttle has been / gone to the space station. It brought back two astronauts.Choose the correct words.Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box.1. A spacecraft _to Mars. Its coming back to Earth next year.2. Lots of astronauts _to t
15、he space station. They found it very interesting.has gonehave beenhave / has been have / has gone3. Some American astronauts_ to the moon several times. 4. A British astronaut _ to the space station. Hell come back in January.have beenhas goneComplete the passage with the correct form of the verbs.N
16、icky: Ive just (1)_ (see) a great TV programme about space. Did you know that scientists have (2)_ (discover) water on Mars?seendiscoveredBill: No! Really? Thats very interesting. (3)_ they _ (try) to find life on Mars?Nicky: Well, theyre looking for life but they (4) _ (not find) anything yet.Have
17、triedhavent foundBill: Theyve already (5)_ (find) that theres no life on the moon.Nicky: Yes, thats right. So far theres only life on earth.foundComplete the passage with the words in the box.Dear Diary,Ive (1)_ finished reading a great book at school. I havent (2)_ anything as good as that for a lo
18、ng time! It is a book about the solar system. It is so good readjustalready been havent just never read written yetthat Ive (3)_ asked the library to keep the next book for me! In the book, it says that astronauts have (4)_ to Mars and even to Jupiter. Ive (5)_ read that before! I think theyre keepi
19、ng it secret! I (6)_ met anyone famous in my life but I hope one day Ill meet a real astronaut. alreadybeenneverhaventIve (7) _ to NASA to ask them for more information about astronauts and space. I hope they write back. They havent (8) _, but Im sure they will soon.Best wishes,MarywrittenyetListen
20、to this interview and choose the correct answers.(1) The astronaut joined NASA _. a) four years ago b) six years ago c) seven years ago (2) The astronaut has flown in a spacecraft _. a) once b) three times c) four times (3) The astronaut has been to the space station _. a) once b) twice c) ten times
21、(4) The astronaut has been seen_. a) the Earth from the space station b) the moon from the space station c) the Earth from the moon (5) When he was on the space station the astronaut thought about his family _ a) all the time b) several times c) from time to time solar systemMilky Way SPACEmissionun
22、mannedspace shuttleastronaut exploreWord mapdiscoverfindspacecraftgalaxySpace stationdiscover find galaxy spacecraft space stationIndividual activityExercise Check Answers1. Many students like writing a _ every day.2. Most of the children dont want o tell _ to their parents.I. 从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正从方框中选择适
23、当的单词并用其正 确形式完成句子。确形式完成句子。even real secret twice diarydiarysecrets3. Have you been to Shanghai _? Yes, I have. 4. Are there any Spidermen in the _ world?5. Now the air in our hometown is _ worse than it was before. So we must do something to stop it.twicerealeven1. Peter, have you finished your homew
24、ork? Yes, Miss Lin. Ive _ finished it.2. What are you going to do this Sunday? I havent decided _. 3. Shall I tell Sally about it? No, you neednt. Ive told her _. 用用already，yet 和和just完成句子。完成句子。justyetalready4. Mr Smith phoned you _ now. He asked you to call him back.5. Have you read the book Who mov
25、ed my cheese? Yes, I have _ read it several times.6. Have you visited Mountain Tai _? Yes, I went there last week.alreadyyetjust 1. Wheres Uncle Black? I cant find him. He _ _ (go) to Sichuan to help people in a disaster area (灾区灾区).2. _ you ever _ (eat ) Beijing roast duck? Yes. Its delicious. 3. I
26、 have _ _ (not see) Water Margin (水浒水浒) . Really? I _ (see) it yesterday.III. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成句子。用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成句子。has goneHave eatennever seensaw4. How long _ you _ (work) in the factory? For five weeks till now. 5. Shenzhen _ (be) a small town fifty years ago. Now it _ _ (become) a large city.6. Th
27、ey _ _ (explore) this desert region（地区）（地区）for five years.7. The child _ _ (name) after its father.have workedwashas becomehave exploredwas named1. have, their, yet, homework, finished, they (?) 2. my, I, yet, seen, havent, teacher(.)3. another, at, planet, to, have, look, started, just, we(.)VI. 连词
28、成句。连词成句。 Have they finished their homework yet?We have just started to look at another planet.I havent seen my teacher yet.4. how, hard, to, large, the, understand, is, universe, is, it(.)5. have, station, ever, seen, the, space, TV, on, you(?)Have you ever seen the space station on TV?It is hard to understand how large the universe is.
