1、2012年全国硕士研究生入学考试试题*学科、专业名称：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各方向考试科目名称：外国语言文学综合考试 考试科目代码：808考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 . Multiple choices. There are 20 questions in this part. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics cand
2、idates must do this part.（20%）1. The first American President to be elected from the Republican Party was_.A. Abraham LincolnB. James MonroeC. James MadisonD. Thomas Jefferson2. The most important and largest river in the United States of America is_. A. the Ohio River B. the Colorado RiverC. the Mi
3、ssouri River D. the Mississippi River3. _has been called the cradle of American liberty.A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. Plymouth D. Chicago4. Junior college in America is_.A. two-year college B. four-year collegeC. three-year college D. five-year college5. President Nixon decided to resign because he_.
4、A. refused to hand over the White House tapes to courtB. was tired of political struggle in Washington D. C.C. came to sec that most probably he would be impeachedD. was deserted by the Republican Party6. To its full sense, the British Parliament consists of _.A. the House of Lords and the House of
5、CommonsB. the House and the SenateC. the Queen and the House of LordsD. the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons7. Which of the following is true under Thatchers administration in the UK? A. The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.B. Public housing became more important.C. Man
6、y Public houses were sold to people.D. The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement.8. The oldest British daily newspaper is_.A. Daily Express B. The Times C. Financial Times D. The Observer9. In appearance the Queen of Great Britain seems very powerful, but in reality, she is only_.
7、A. the Supreme Governor of England B. the Duke of EdinburghC. a figure-head D. all of the above10. Britain joined the European Community in_.A.1972 B.1973 C. 1974 D. 197511. In Industrial Revolution, George Stephenson invented_.A. railway engine B. spinning machineC. steam engine D. cotton textile 1
8、2. Londons Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of_.A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Home SecretaryC. the Attorney D. the Prime Minister13. Ireland has a bipolar political system with two major parties. They are_.A. Sinn Fein and Fianna Fail B. Sinn Fein and Fine GaelC. Fianna Fail a
9、nd Fine Gael D. IRA and Sinn Fein14. _ is the oldest of all the parties in Ireland.A. The Irish Labour Party B. The Progressive DemocratsC. Finna Fail D. Fine Gael15. In _ James Joyce introduced the stream of consciousness technique as a remarkable means of character portrayal.A. Dubliners B. Ulysse
10、s C. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man D. Paradise and Hell16. By_, Upper Canada and Lower Canada were created.A. Canada Act of 1791 B. Quebec Act of 1774C. British North America Act D. Act of Paris of 176317. The _ are the indigenous people of New Zealand, and have a rich and varied culture.A
11、. Maori B. Cherokee C. People from India D. People from Southeast Asia18. _is Australias largest and most diverse industry.A. Mining B. Manufacturing C. Fishing D. Agriculture19. New Zealand became a separate colony of Britain in_.A. 1841 B. 1857 C. 1907 D. 193120. Who produced the first complete ma
12、p of New Zealand in 1769? A. Abel Tasman. B. A Dutchman. C. Hobson D. James Cook.II. Fill in the blanks with proper answers. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part. (20%)1. _ features are the phonemic features that occur above
13、the level of the segments. They include stress, tone, intonation, etc.2. English consonants can be classified in terms of _ of articulation or in terms of place of articulation.3. The affix “-ish” in the word boyish conveys a _ meaning. 4. _ morphemes are those that cannot be used independently but
14、have to be combined with other morphemes to form a word.5. In the complex sentence， the incorporated or subordinate clause is normally called an _ clause.6. A _ is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a complete statement，question or command.7. _ can be de
15、fined as the study of meaning.8. When two words are identical in sound， but different in spelling and meaning， they are called _. 9. The notion of _ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.10. There are four maxims under the _ principle： the maxim of quantity，the maxim of quality，the maxim o
16、f relation and the maxim of manner.11. Lord _ (1561-1626), the world-renowned British essayist, found so much leisure for study as to make himself a great philosopher, a good historian and an elegant writer. His concise essay “Of Studies” thoroughly illustrates the functions and significance of stud
17、y.12. “I Have Nothing to Offer but Blood, Tears, and Sweat” is a speech given by the British Prime Minister _, who is a Nobel Prize winner for literature and a prolific and well-respected painter as well.13. James Joyce (1882-1941), the Irish novelist, is noted for his experimental use of language i
18、n such works as _ (1922) and Finnegans Wake (1939).14. In the _ point of view, the narrator appears to know everything about all the characters, including what they are thinking. It takes no actions, casts no judgments, expresses no opinions and has no physical form in or out of the story.15. _ writ
19、ers introduced a new theme into literature: the struggle of the proletariat for its rights. They portrayed the world as it was seen by the poor, the down trodden. 16. An _ story is a story whose overall plot is concerned with putting the protagonist through a particular sort of experience. The idea
20、is that the character is forced, by what he/she encounters in the course of the action, to become a different person, usually someone more complicated, more comprehensive, with wider views.17. The story of “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” can be viewed as an epitome of the late _ ce
21、ntury American society and culture.18. Edgar Allan Poe was considered part of the American _ Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He is furth
22、er credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction. 19. With the publication of The Sun Also Rises, three years later, Hemingway became the spokesman for what Gertrude Stein called _.20. “I felt a funeral, in my Brain,/ And Mourners to and fro/ Kept treading treading till it seem
23、ed / That Sense was breaking through “ The poet who writes these lines is _. III. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET according to requirements. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part. (10%) Section A: Decide whether each of the following statements is True or Fal
24、se. If it is true, write T on the ANSWER SHEET. If it is false, Write F on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. D-structure is formed by the XP rule in accordance with the heads subcategorization properties.2. An illocutionary act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of
25、the utterance.3. Phonology is the study of the speech sounds and their functions.4. Diglossia refers to the dialect having to do with separation brought about by different social conditions. 5. Componential analysis is a way proposed by the structural semantics to analyze lexical/word meaning.Sectio
26、n B: Identify the author and indicate the genre of each of the following works.6. Dream Children 7. The Raven8. The Death of the Salesman9. Shall I compare thee to a Summers day? 10. Vanity FairIV. Choose SIX terms from the following and explain them briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
27、(30%)1. stream of consciousness2. The Aesthetic Movement3. Iceberg Theory4. Naturalism5. Theatre of the Absurd6. Predication analysis7. Neurolinguistics8. Language Acquisition Device (LAD)9. Idiolect10. Draw a tree diagram for the surface structure of “The girl bought the book”. V. Answer the follow
28、ing questions. According to different majors, choose the ones you must do. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)Section A ：for linguistics candidates only1. What is Language acquisition in modern linguistics? 2. How do you understand Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? 3. Explain the term sense and refe
29、rence by using examples. 4. State clearly the term “complementary distribution” in phonemics. Section B: for literature candidates only 1. In the short story “A Rose for Emily”, what does the “rose” in the title symbolize?2. What are the main features of Metaphysical poetry?3. Why is Mark Twain accl
30、aimed as “the Father of American National Literature”?4. What is/are the theme(s) of Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels? VI. Choose ONE of the following and write your response to it. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. In what basic ways does modern linguistics differ from traditional gra
31、mmar? 2. Analyze the following poem as to its theme, poetic form, and rhetorical devices, and develop it into an essay of 200 words.LondonWilliam Blake (1757-1827)I wander thro each charterd street,Near where the charterd Thames does flow,And mark in every face I meetMarks of weakness, marks of woe.
32、In every cry of every Man,In every Infants cry of fear,In every voice, in every ban,The mind-forgd manacles I hear.How the Chimney-sweepers cryEvery blackring Church appalls;And hapless Soldiers sighRuns in blood down Palace walls.But most thro midnight streets I hearHow the youthful Harlots curseBlasts the new born Infants fear,And blights with plagues the Marriage hearse. 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共9页 第9页
