1、2020/12/271Unit4 Topic12020/12/272 宾语补足语是补足宾语意义的句子宾语补足语是补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语的结构形式：的结构形式：及物动词及物动词 + 宾语宾语 + 宾宾语补足语语补足语（名词、形容词、不定式、（名词、形容词、不定式、分词或介词短语、副词）分词或介词短语、副词）2020/12/273宾语宾语补足语补足语: A.名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语 We call him Jim. We must keep our school clean every
2、day . Call him in ,please. Leave it on the desk . B.动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语 Tell Jane to sing us a song. Lets have a rest. Can you help me (to) wash my clothes? C.分词作宾语补足语分词作宾语补足语 I hear somebody singing in the next room. In the factory ,computers can make the production finished faster.2020/12/274 W
3、e all make him a monitor in our class. Computers have made the work place safer and better. I agreed her to send her to school. They keep their hearts beating well. I found every student in good health.(名词作宾补名词作宾补)(形容词作宾补形容词作宾补)(不定式作宾补不定式作宾补)(现在分词作宾补现在分词作宾补)介词短语作宾补介词短语作宾补)2020/12/275第一类：感觉动词，如第一类：感觉
4、动词，如see, hear, feel, smell, watch, notice等，这类词所接的宾补可以是等，这类词所接的宾补可以是-ing形式，也可以是动词原形。形式，也可以是动词原形。He heard a distant voice shouting.I could smell Chinese vegetables cooking.Did you see a cat being driven away?2020/12/276第二类：含使动意义的动词，如第二类：含使动意义的动词，如let, have, get, make, would like, want等，这类词所接的宾等，这类词所接的
5、宾补多是动词原形或过去分词。补多是动词原形或过去分词。Weve just had the house decorated.You must get the car repaired.At my school they dont make us wear school uniform. They let us wear whatever we like.I want the work finished by January 1st.2020/12/277第三类：含命名意义的动词，如第三类：含命名意义的动词，如call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等，
6、这类词所等，这类词所接的宾补一般是名词。接的宾补一般是名词。Call me Joe, please.She was elected the president of the company.They have made me the chairman.They have made me a nice chair.注意：这类结构和双宾的区别注意：这类结构和双宾的区别2020/12/278第四类：第四类：v+sb+to do sth结构中的动词，所接结构中的动词，所接的宾补多是不定式。常见的动词有很多，如的宾补多是不定式。常见的动词有很多，如advise, allow, ask, beg, cau
7、se, expect, want, force, inspire, invite, order, permit,remind, request等。等。They asked me ti tell you how much we appreciated your help.Help me move the desk, will you?2020/12/279第五类：第五类：find, keep等几个动词的用法很灵活，等几个动词的用法很灵活，后面所接的宾补可以是形容词，副词，词组，后面所接的宾补可以是形容词，副词，词组，现在分词和过去分词等。现在分词和过去分词等。We found it very d
8、ifficult to solve the problem.How can you keep them waiting for so long?Suddenly I found my wallet stolen.Keep the door closed.2020/12/2710宾语补足语可以由这九类来承担：宾语补足语可以由这九类来承担： n. / adj. /adv. / 介词短语介词短语 / v.原型原型 / ing/ v-ed / to do / to be1.We chose him our monitor.2.We must make our classroom clean.3.He
9、found the light on.4.The firemen got the fire under control.5.The teacher let him stand out.6.Did you hear someone singing?7.The parents make their children educated.8.The doctor advised me to have a rest.9.We all consider him to be a hero.2020/12/2711make/ choose/ select + 名词名词+ 职务（不带冠词）职务（不带冠词） At
10、 last Obama was selected president of America. We all chose him representative of our team. They made Jim their leader in digging for the treasures in an ancient tomb near the mountain.2020/12/2712Americans elect Obama (as)President of the USA .(Obama is their president.) 当一个名词表示独当一个名词表示独一无二的职位或头衔一无
11、二的职位或头衔 (chairman,president , head, director, king, captain, monitor等等)作作表语，同位语和补语时，前面表语，同位语和补语时，前面常不用冠词常不用冠词Tips:e.g. In 1399, Henry IV became King of England.（P.23 L.49)2020/12/27132020/12/2714to do 做宾补表示宾语要去做的动作，能用做宾补表示宾语要去做的动作，能用to do 做宾补的做宾补的v.有：有：(即即v. +sb.+to do )ask,want, wish(无无hope), tell,
12、 order, warn, advise(无无suggest), allow(无无agree), invite, permit, forbid, expect, beg, force, encourage, send, teach, train, remind, require (无无demand), would like , would prefer等等等等.I wish you to have a good trip.I would prefer you to stay for the dinner.2020/12/27152) 跟不带跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常的不定式作宾语补足语
13、。常见的这类动词有见的这类动词有“一感（一感（feel）、二）、二听听 (listen to, hear), 三让三让 (make, let, have), 四看四看”(look at, see, watch, notice) 如：如： Lets have a rest. 让我们休息一会儿。让我们休息一会儿。 但这种结构变成被动语态时，但这种结构变成被动语态时，to必须必须加上。加上。2020/12/2716如如: He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand. 有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间。有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间。3
14、) 跟带跟带to或不带或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补的动词不定式作宾语补足语。这类动词只有足语。这类动词只有help。如：。如： Can you help me (to) wash my clothes?口诀：口诀：2020/12/2717分词作宾补分为两种情况 1.现在分词做宾补，经常表示主动或者正在发生的动作。现在分词做宾补，经常表示主动或者正在发生的动作。可跟这类补足语的动词有：可跟这类补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear等等I heard somebody singing in the next room just now.只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：只能用现在分词作宾
15、语补足语的动词有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, 等。等。例如：例如： She caught her son smoking a cigarette. His words started me thinking. 2020/12/2718 catch sb. doing ：抓住某人正在：抓住某人正在. mind sb. doing : 介意某人做某事介意某人做某事 imagine sb. doing : 想象某人做某事想象某人做某事 leave sb./sth. doing : 使得使得/留下某人留下某人. keep sb./sth. doin
16、g:使得某人使得某人. The policeman caught the thief stealing. He left the light burning. Im sorry to have kept you waiting.2020/12/2719过去分词做宾补过去分词做宾补2020/12/2720 使役动词使役动词get ,have ,make, keep，leave 等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：“致使某人或某事被致使某人或某事被” We should keep them informed of what is going on here. J
17、ane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况 2020/12/27212 .感官动词感官动词feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：表：“感受到某人或某事被做感受到某人或某事被做”。 I was sleeping when I heard my name called. He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.2020
18、/12/2722I saw _robhim robbed by a man.2020/12/2723I saw him _taken to the hospital.2020/12/2724Fill in the blanks.I heard someone _me. I heard my name_. I found Tom _ the window.I found the window _callingcalledbreakbroken.2020/12/2725I had my watch repaired.I had my room cleaned.I had my foot injur
19、ed.She found his hair cut.She found his clothes washed. She found his room cleaned. have sth./sb. done find sth./sb doneHe got his leg injured.He got his camera damaged.He got his glasses broken. get sth./sb doneI saw him beaten by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw him robbed by a man. see
20、sth./sb. doneI made him punished. make sth./sb. doneI watched him killed. watch sth./sb done2020/12/2726解题要点：解题要点：首先首先要知道动词后是跟要知道动词后是跟to do还是还是ing，ed, 或是原型。或是原型。其次其次要知道他们做宾补的区别：要知道他们做宾补的区别：to do 做宾补常表示要去做的动作。做宾补常表示要去做的动作。ing 做宾补常表示正在进行的或主动的动作做宾补常表示正在进行的或主动的动作ed 做宾补常表示被动的动作。做宾补常表示被动的动作。 v.原型做宾补常表示动作全过程（跟在感官原型做宾补常表示动作全过程（跟在感官v.后）后）此外此外，ing 和和ed 做宾补还可以表示宾语的状态，此时做宾补还可以表示宾语的状态，此时类似于类似于adj.最后最后根据题目的语境认真分析，选出语法和释义都根据题目的语境认真分析，选出语法和释义都合理的最佳选项。合理的最佳选项。2020/12/27271、With的复合结构的复合结构With +n.+V-ingP.P.Vto doAdj.Adv.Prep.2020/12/2728Thats all for today! Thats all for today! See you!See you!
