1、北京市东城区2022届高三查漏补缺英语试卷英 语第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It Only Takes OneI was that girl you would see alone. Id sit alone on the bus, at a table in the lunchroom and the library. I loved reading, but I knew it was my 1 , a way to look
2、 busy and not like I was being alone. I didnt want to appear as though I had no 2 which was basically true. One morning, as usual, when getting on a bus, I got out my 3 and put my head down. Then, I heard someone ask if I minded her sitting next to me. I 4 , and there stood a girl I didnt know. She
3、looked nervous as she introduced herself. Her name was Jane. She was new to the neighborhood, and this was her first day at school. That day at lunch, when she 5 me in the lunchroom, she hurried over and sat down. In the following weeks, it wasnt just Jane who looked to see if she could sit next to
4、meI looked for her, too. Little by little, we began to talk about school and other things and, 6 , ourselves. We soon became best friends.Isnt it amazing how overnight your life can 7 ? I feel so different now. It only 8 one other person to make you feel as though you are no longer 9 .I no longer hi
5、de behind booksalthough I am still an enthusiastic reader. Jane also loves books, so we go to the library together, check out books, and 10 back and forth when we finish reading them. Then we take them back to the library and check out new ones. Amazing! Just one other person makes you feel like you
6、 are really important. 1. A. hobbyB. coverC. taskD. chance 2. A. goalsB. interestsC. choicesD. friends3. A. bagB. coatC. bookD. phone4. A. looked upB. looked downC. looked backD. looked ahead5. A. seizedB. supportedC. spottedD. sought6. A. obviouslyB. fortunatelyC. literallyD. eventually7. A. formB.
7、 changeC. continueD. start8. A. takesB. hasC. wantsD. meets9. A. upsetB. quietC. nervousD. alone10. A. tradeB. deliverC. explainD. argue 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AZhang Guimei has committed her life to improving girls education in a re
8、mote, mountainous region in Yunnan Province by 11 (start) Chinas first free high school for female students. Her story has moved millions of Chinese people and is now written into a newly 12 (publish)bookBrief History of the Peoples Republic of China.It described her 13 a moral model who uses love a
9、nd wisdom to help thousands of rural 14 (girl) realize their dreams.BAn eight-year-old girl in Texas has designed a pop-up classroom to help poor children. Paisley Elliott came up with the idea after she heard that a school she had helped to build in Greece 15 (destroy) by fire. Elliott considers he
10、rself a person 16 tries to improve peoples lives and reduce suffering. Now, she 17 (raise) money to take her pop-up classroom to Uganda, in Africa.CFeelings are 18 people experience emotions. They can include anger, sadness, worry, loneliness and shame, as well as surprise, happiness, courage and ho
11、pe, among many others. Feelings are sometimes labeled as good or bad. But that isnt helpful. All feelings are there to be felt. Some can be more 19 (comfort) and annoying than others. Its natural 20 (experience) different emotionsand that includes emotions that might not feel nice. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分
12、）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASide hustles for college students deliver spending money while still offering the flexibility that a full class schedule requires. Take class notesOne side hustle for college students involves taking notes in class and selling them.
13、Three sitesStudySoup, NexusNotes and Stuviaoffer attractive pay for uploading and selling class notes to other students at your university. Each has its own pay formula. But you usually get a bonus when someone signs up to get access to your notes, plus a payment for each set of notes that sell. Stu
14、dents say they can earn $250 to $500 per class, per semester. Because this job requires taking great class notes, youre likely to do better in school.Become a tutorMany younger students have fallen behind academically as they struggled with distance learning. That opens an opportunity for those who
15、have mastered a subject, from high school algebra to Spanish, to teach that subject to others. A number of tutoring platforms allow you to sign up and tutor online or in person.Some of the best: Wyzant, Varsity Tutors, and, for those who want to teach music, LessonFace.Be a survey takerThe best opti
16、on in this category is a site called Prolific, which helps researchersfind pre-screened survey participants. What makes this site better than most is that it asks you to answer qualifying questionsage, income, family status, etc. in advance. Then, the site sends you only the surveys that youre quali
17、fied to take. Youre given an estimate of the time it will require to take each survey and how much it pays. You decide whether its worth your time.Charge scootersBig campuses are often littered with electric scooters and bikes that can be unlocked and ridden around campus. Riders can drop the scoote
18、rs just about anywhere. So scooter companies, such as Bird and Lime, enlist “chargers” and “juicers” to pick them up, charge them overnight and return them to a designated area early the next morning.If you have a late class, there are two benefits to signing up to charge. First, you earn between $5
19、 and $20 for each scooter you return fully charged. You also get to ride the scooters home for free, which isnt a bad way to get back to your dorm.21. Which site allows one to get paid by uploading their class notes?A. Prolific. B. LessonFace.C. Wyzant.D. StudySoup.22. What may make Charge scooters
20、attractive?A. It pays riders for charging scooters. B. It provides more benefits for students.C. It offers a means of free transportation.D. It helps solve litter problem on campus.23. The passage mainly introduces _.A. methods to do better in schoolB. job options for college studentsC. after-class
21、activities for students D. ways to meet a full class scheduleBThere is a connection I feel with horses that is unlike anything I have ever experienced. They can be frightening because of their size, speed and unpredictability, but they also force you to be calm. I think that was the smartest thing m
22、y first riding teacher taught me when I was seven: if youre calm, they will be calm. I have never owned a horse, but for a year I got to take care of a pony, Baronet, that I had found abandoned when I was 11. I had moved to England for the second time in my short life. This period was filled with an
23、xiety and instability and there were a lot of unaccompanied moments. I saw him one day while I was out walking in the woods. He was staring at me from where he stood, wild and dirty. I just went to him and he came to me. I found the farmer who owned him, who said he was a lost cause: “Too difficult,
24、” he said. When I asked if I could care for him, he didnt hesitate: “Sure, take him.”He wasnt trained. He was stubborn and picky and angry. He had been labelled “difficult” just as I was labelled “Sunshine Girl”. Its not a good thing to be labelled. “Sunshine Girl” made me feel like I couldnt compla
25、in. I didnt want to make anyone unhappy. I always felt I had to go with the flow. Baronet saved me that year. He gave my life a sense of purpose and meaning. I would wake up early and walk two miles to the barn to feed him and try to train him, and the moment I came home from school I would run back
26、 to the barn to spend time with him.Looking back, I see Baronet as a wonder. In some magical way I found Baronet when I needed him most and, as sad as I was to leave him at the end of the year, when we moved yet again, I saw the progress we had made together. Seeing that I could make a difference wa
27、s a huge awakening for me as a child.24. How did the writer probably feel when moving to England?A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Puzzled. D. Excited. 25. What did the farmer probably mean by saying “he was a lost cause”? A. Baronet was always alone.B. Baronet could easily get lost.C. Baronet could hard
28、ly survive.D. Baronet was hard to deal with. 26. How did Baronet influence the writer? A. It taught her not to complain. B. It inspired her to be easygoing.C. It helped her to get over loneliness.D. It encouraged her to accept her label. CWhen served cauliflower or broccoli, some kids turn away in a
29、nnoyance. Dont blame thema new study suggests specific enzymes(酶) in saliva(唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible to some children. broccoliThese enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are produced by bacteria in the mouth. The same enzymes are also locked away in the cells of Brassica vegetables
30、 like broccoli and cauliflower. When we chew broccoli, these enzymes spill out of their storage containers while those in our mouth start to work.These enzymes break down a compound(化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdown process transforms the compo
31、und into sharp smell molecules(分子). Previous studies of adults suggest the level of cysteine lyase activity in a persons saliva determines how much the SMCSO breaks down. This, in turn, influences how these vegetables taste to adults. According to these past studies, when different adults consume br
32、occoli, there can be a huge difference in how many unpleasant smells the food lets off as their saliva-borne enzymes break it to bits. But the authors wondered whether the same difference can be seen in kids, who are usually more sensitive to bitter and sour tastes. They suspected that kids whose sa
33、liva produced the most smelly, SMCSO-sourced compounds would show the strongest dislike for broccoli. And the teams new study proved their assumption. While both adults and kids saliva produced smelly compounds when exposed to cauliflower, these smells did not influence whether adults liked the vege
34、table. On the other hand, kids whose saliva produced high concentrations of these smells reported hating cauliflower the most.The new study included 98 pairs of parents and children aged 6 to 8. After taking samples of each participants saliva, the scientists mixed it into raw cauliflower powder. Th
35、ey measured the SMCSO-sourced smell compounds let off and found each participants saliva generated a different quantity of smells. Interestingly, the degree of sickly smell production was similar between parents saliva and their childrens. This indicates that parents and kids likely carry similar ba
36、cteria in their mouths, which would cause them to produce similar levels of cysteine lyases. Our senses of taste and smell are strongest in youth, which may make kids even more sensitive to these differences in flavor. The same preference pattern is not seen in adults, who also produce plenty of bad
37、 smells. This suggests that the adults came to tolerate the taste of Brassica vegetables. The findings agree with past studies of how our tastes change over time: we can learn to overcome our distaste for certain food by eating it more.27. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The functi
38、on of mouth bacteria.B. The cause of an unpleasant flavor.C. The feature of Brassica vegetables.D. The form of enzymes in our mouth. 28. What do previous studies indicate?A. SMCSO-breakdown depends on various enzymes.B. Enzymes determine the taste of Brassica vegetables.C. Individuals release varyin
39、g amounts of smell molecules.D. Kids producing the most smells hate broccoli particularly. 29. What can we conclude from the passage? A. We might accept some foods through repeated exposure.B. The level of smells may affect an adults taste preference.C. Parents and their kids saliva-borne enzymes do
40、nt match.D. Kids saliva could produce higher concentrations of smells.30. Why does the author write the passage? A. To explain a food preference.B. To introduce a research method.C. To illustrate a biological process.D. To show the discovery of an enzyme.DIt is a general belief among academics that
41、the humanities are in crisis. According to Harvard historian James Hankins, part of the problem is the dominance of “critical” reading over “primary” reading. Primary reading takes a text at face value and simply tries to understand what the author intended to say. Critical reading assumes an author
42、s statements can never be taken at face value. Instead, they must be “seen through” to expose the texts real meaning, which is determined in accord with this or that fashionable theory.Mr. Hankins says primary reading “must be recovered” for higher education in the humanities to be effective. I woul
43、d go further. Primary reading isnt important only for the humanities, or even for education more generally. The restoration of primary reading could be a crucial weapon in fighting the “idle talk” that troubles American society.Idle talk was philosopher Martin Heideggers term for inauthentic discour
44、se(不可信的言辞). It involves adopting and circulating others opinions about something without ever personally engaging that thing for yourself. People engaged in idle talk speak in accord with expectations for their particular identity or role. They hold and express the opinions a person in their role is
45、 expected to hold. Idle talk can be harmless. Each year my mother forms strong opinions about which films should win Academy Awards without seeing any of them, after reading articles by critics she favors. But idle talk can also be dangerous. Consider journalism. The norm nowadays is for one reporte
46、r to break a story, followed by dozens or hundreds of journalists recycling that content. They may add a little spin of their own but rarely look into the issue for themselveseven when this would require but a few clicks and a couple of minutes to read a legislative(法律的) text. Some journalists even
47、just search social media for the story of the day and rewrite it in their own words.The Covid pandemic highlighted the problem, from exclusion of those daring to discuss the tradeoffs of lockdowns to the promotion of masks as a political identity marker completely disconnected from medical or scient
48、ific justification. Not to mention the misleading statement that arose over “the science” and the social trend to “follow” it.Social media has contributed to the spread of idle talk. Authentic discourse requires time, effort and good-faith engagement, but social media tends to encourage the opposite. As journalists comment on every
