1、 Sets the direction of organization for the future 为一个机构设定未来方向 Develops strategies to achieve organizational vision, mission, and values 为实现机构的使命和价值制定发展策略 Makes decisions about resource allocation to reach future goals 为实现未来目标决定资源分配1.Define Vision, Mission and Values 阐述展望、使命和观 念2.Analyze the current
2、 situation, including organizational strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT). 分析现状，包括机构的优势、弱势、面临的机会和挑战3.Define goals to close the gap between the current organizational state and the desired future 拟定目标以缩小现状和未来想达到状况的差距4.Formulate strategies (specific objectives) related to each of th
3、e goals to move toward desired future 针对每一目标制定具体的策略(实施计划)5.Implement the agreed upon strategies 实施策略6.Conduct ongoing assessment of the effectiveness of implementation process and initiate changes as necessary 对策略的实施效果进行实时评估，并按实际需要调整策略7.Review and revise strategic plan at least once a year 至少一年一次回顾和
4、修改长远规划 Vision statement of intended future - the fundamental direction of the organization 展望 对未来的构想 机构的基本未来方向 Mission describes reason organization exists, the major purpose of the organization 使命 阐述机构存在的原因和主要目的 Values key beliefs shared by organizational members. Needs to reflect organizational cu
5、lture and priorities 观念 机构成员共享的主要信念。需要反映机构文化和优先考虑的事项Vision “The public library, the local gateway to knowledge, provides a basic condition for lifelong learning, independent decision-making and cultural development of the individual and social groups.”展望 “公共图书馆是各地通向知识之门，为个人和社会群体终身学习、独立决策和文化发展提供了基本条件
6、。”Mission “The public library is the local centre of information, making all kinds of knowledge and information readily available to users.”使命 “公共图书馆是各地的信息中心，用户随时可以得到各种知识与信息。”http:/www.unesco.org/webworld/libraries/manifestos/libraman.html中文：http:/www.unesco.org/webworld/libraries/manifestos/librama
7、n_ch.pdf Vision “Librarians and teachers work together, students achieve higher levels of literacy, reading, learning, problem-solving and information and communication technology skills.” 展望 “图书馆员和教师密切合作, 帮助学生获得更高的文化，阅读，学习，解决问题，信息和交流技能。” Mission - “The school library offers learning services, books
8、 and resources that enable all members of the school community to become critical thinkers and effective users of information in all formats and media.” 使命 - “学校图书馆提供学习服务和图书资源以帮助学校成员成为有判断力的思想者，帮助他们有效利用图书馆各种形式的信息资源 。” http:/www.unesco.org/webworld/libraries/manifestos/school_manifesto.html Sample Sch
9、ool Library Values (in USA)典型的美国学校图书馆观念 Reading is the key to learning, personal growth, and enjoyment 阅读是学习，个人成长和娱乐的关键技能 Information literacy is essential to our students future success 信息技能对学生的未来成功起着必不可少的作用 All students deserve access to books and information resources 所有学生都应获取图书和信息资源 All students
10、 can achieve their potential 所有学生都能发挥最大潜能 Treat everyone with the same respect as we treat ourselves 尊重别人像对自己一样 Students have a voice 尊重学生的意见Adapted from Common Beliefs section of AASLs Standards for the 21st Century Learner: http:/www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/aasl/guidelinesandstandards/learningstand
11、ards/AASL_LearningStandards.pdf Prepare background information by reviewing political, economic, technological and social internal and external organizational factors that impact upon the organization. 准备背景信息，查看政治、经济、技术和社会等对机构造成影响的内部和外部因素 Can you provide some examples for each of these categories? 你
12、能对如下类别举一些例子吗? Political政治因素 Economic经济因素 Social社会因素 Technological 技术因素Need to know your internal and external organizational environment in order to do planning需要了解机构的内部和外部环境以便作计划Strengths internal organizational conditions helpful in reaching the intended future内部优势 机构内部有利于实现目标的条件Weaknesses interna
13、l organizational conditions that will make it difficult to reach the intended future内部弱势 机构内部不利于实现目标的条件Opportunities external conditions helpful in reaching the intended future外部机会 机构外部有利于实现目标的条件Threats external conditions that will make it difficult to reach the intended future外部挑战 机构外部不利于实现目标的条件St
14、rengths内部优势 Student access to online catalog and internet学生可使用联机目录和上网 Recently improved collections刚改善的馆藏 Network of branch (satellite) library stations与图书馆分馆(卫星站)联网 Financial support from School Administration学校管理部门的财政支持 Dedicated library staff尽职的图书馆工作人员 Library open during all lunch periods and du
15、ring after school hours图书馆在午休和放学后开放Weaknesses内部弱势 Only one public internet station in library馆内只有一台公用联网电脑 Limited collaboration with classroom teachers与学校教师合作有限 Lack of training for library staff to update skills缺少对馆工作人员的培训 Limited circulation of collections to students and community members对学生和社区成员
16、馆藏流通量有限 No library plan for future with mission, goals, and objectives没有拟定图书馆的使命、未来目标和实施计划Opportunities外部机会 Hire teacher with librarian credential to train staff and provide leadership for future plan邀请有馆员学历的老师给员工培训及作未来计划 Align library program with school mission馆内项目和学校的任务密切相关 Develop classroom info
17、rmation literacy and critical thinking assignments in collaboration with classroom teachers 与教师合作，给学生设计课堂信息技术和运用判断力的作业 Initiate Library Advisory Board建立图书馆顾问委员会 Threats外部挑战 Limited financial resources有限的财政资源 Lack of school commitment to hiring qualified librarian学校没有雇用合格的图书馆工作人员 Lack of consensus on
18、 best future plan and role for library in meeting school mission对图书馆在学校的角色和未来发展计划没有共识 Classroom teachers reluctant to utilize library assignments in favor of test preparation学校老师侧重考试，不愿让学生过多使用图书馆 For your library, please list one: 请列出你的图书馆的： Strength _ Weakness_ Opportunity_ Threat_ 内部优势 _ 内部弱势 _ 外部
19、机会 _ 外部挑战_Generally, Strengths and Weaknesses are factors INTERNAL to the organization and Opportunities and Threats are factors EXTERNAL to the organizationGoals relatively few in number; general statements related to the purpose of the organization. Serve as statements of intended future for organ
20、ization.目标 相对数量较少; 是对机构目的和未来发展的一般陈述。Process of analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats should involve discussions with the school leadership and teachers in case of a school and community leaders in case of a community library. 分析内部优势弱势和外部机会挑战时应和学校领导和老师讨论 (或如果是社区图书馆，则与社区领导讨论)Th
21、e librarys primary community perspectives are key in setting and determining goals图书馆的主要服务对象是拟定目标的关键Supporting and enhancing educational goals as outlined in the schools mission and curriculum; 支持和增强在学校任务和课程中列出的教育目标;Developing and sustaining in children the habit and enjoyment of reading and learnin
22、g, and the use of libraries throughout their lives; 发展和持续培养学生良好的阅读、学习和使用图书馆的习惯；Supporting all students in learning and practising skills for evaluating and using information, regardless of form, format or medium, including sensitivity to the modes of communication within the community; 支持所有学生学习和使用评估
23、技术，以及利用各种信息(不管其形式和媒体)的技巧；Promoting reading and the resources and services of the school library to the whole school community and beyond. 向全校师生及外界提倡阅读， 宣传图书馆的资源和服务 Objectives are specific action plans for meeting each goal. Should be strategies to close the gap between present status and desired fut
24、ure for organization 实施计划是为达到目标的详细的行动计划 。实施策略应缩短机构现状和未来期望的差距 Objectives should be SMART 实施计划应当是 SMART：- Specific 详细的- Measurable 可测量的- Achievable 可完成的- Realistic 实际的- Timely 即时的Goal: Promoting reading and the resources and services of the school library to the whole school community and beyond. 目标:
25、向全校师生及外界提倡阅读 ，宣传图书馆的资源和服务Objective 1: Develop and present four author programs that promote interest in reading in the school and broader community during the 2009/2010 year.实施计划1: 在2009/2010年度，举行4次作家讲座以激发在校生和社区的阅读兴趣.Specific = four author programs详细的 = 4次作家讲座Measurable = feedback survey form to eva
26、luate value of programs by all participants可测量的 = 收集反馈表以评估讲座效果Achievable = calculate resources and budget required可完成的 = 计算所需资源和成本Realistic = determine whether resources are available to present four programs实际的 = 决定资源是否可获取Timely = during 2009/2010 year即时的 = 2009/2010年度Could you improve upon this ob
27、jective?你能改善此实施计划吗? For each objective, list specific tasks, person responsible, resources that will be required, and how level of success in meeting the objective will be measured 每项计划列出详细的任务、负责人、所需资源及如何评估 For each objective, develop chart with following columns 对每项计划作一张含下列项目的表： Objective目标 Specifi
28、c Tasks详细任务 Responsible person负责人 Resource requirements所需资源 Timeline时间期限 Measurement plan评估方法 Goal: Promoting reading and the resources and services of the school library to the whole school community and beyond. 目标: 向全校师生及外界提倡阅读 ，宣传图书馆的资源和服务 Objective 1: Develop and present four author programs tha
29、t promote interest in reading in the school and broader community during the 2009/2010 year. 实施计划1: 在2009/2010年度，举行4次作家讲座以激发在校生和社区的阅读兴趣 Measurement: Develop Survey to be completed by all program attendees 评估方法：设计问卷，调查所有活动参加者EVALUATION OF AUTHOR PROGRAM作家讲座评估 How did you hear about the program?你从哪里知道
30、此讲座信息的?What caused you to participate in the program?你参加讲座的原因?Please tell us what you enjoyed most about the program:你对讲座最感兴趣的部分是什么？What did you learn that was new about the author?你学到什么新的东西？If you had been planning the program, what changes would you make?如果由您来计划这个活动，你将作什么样的修改？Please rate the overa
31、ll value of the program in promoting interest in reading in the community:请给此提倡社区阅读的活动打分： _very valuable _somewhat valuable _not at all valuable_非常有价值 _有价值_没有价值 What suggestions do you have for future programs?你对未来的活动有何建议？NOTES: To be administered immediately after the conclusion of the program.注：讲座
32、结束时立即实施1.Identify the problem that needs attention 确定需解决的问题2.Define the various ways to solve the problem 罗列解决此问题的各种方法3.Select the process that appears to have the greatest chance of working 选择一种最易成功的方法4.Set out the criteria against which to measure the success of the specific problem solving effort
33、s 拟定评估此方法成功与否的标准5.Carry out the effort 实施方法6.Evaluate what occurs 评估实施结果7.Reflect upon whether the results have solved the problem to a satisfactory degree 反省结果是否解决了问题Source: Rebecca Watson Boone Seven Steps Common to Practitioner Research. In Academic Librarians as practitioner-researchers. Journal
34、 of Academic Librarianship, March 2000, p. 901. Identify the problem that needs attention2. Define the various ways to solve the problem3. Select the process that appears to have the greatest chance of working4. Set out the criteria against which to measure the success of the specific problem solvin
35、g efforts5. Carry out the effort7. Reflect upon whether the results have solved the problem to a satisfactory degree6. Evaluate what occurs7. 反省结果是否解决了问题6. 评估实施结果1. 确定需解决的问题2. 罗列解决此问题的各种方法3. 选择一种最易成功的方法4. 拟定评估此方法成功与否的标准5. 实施方法 What is the primary reason that most strategic planning efforts fail?大多数长远规划失败的主要原因是什么?结论
