1、Unit 1The End of Dinosaursdans n. 恐龙 Some questions for you to thinklOn seeing this title, what do you think the text is going to tell us?lWhats the reasons for such a huge animal disappear from the earth?lDid people and dinosaur live at the same time? lThe text is going to tell us that the end of d
2、inosaurs was caused by an asteroid(小行星) hitting the earth many years ago, which destroyed the natural conditions the dinosaurs depended on. Dinosaur n. 恐龙恐龙 DinosaurlDinosaurthe common name was given to a group of reptiles(爬行动物), often very large, that first appeared in the Late Triassic Period(三叠纪时
3、代) about 215 million years ago and thrived worldwide for some 150 million years. Most died out by the end of the Cretaceous Period(白垩纪时代), about 65 million years ago. l If all of Earth time from the very beginning of the dinosaurs to today were compressed into 365 days, the dinosaurs appeared Januar
4、y 1 and became extinct the third week of September. By comparison, people have been on earth only since December 31.asteroid strd n. 小行星 lAsteroid is diameter (n. 直径) that orbits (v. 环绕轨道) the Sun primarily between the orbits (v. 轨道) of Mars (n. 火星) and Jupiter (木星). It is because of their small siz
5、e and large numbers relative to the nine major planets that asteroids are also called minor planets. The two names are frequently used interchangeably.A video about the end of the dinosaurReview the New Wordsl1. disappearance n. 消失，不见ldis-(not, 不) + appear(显示，出现)+ance(名词后缀)Review the New Wordsl2. de
6、stroy v. 毁灭，破坏lde-(to remove, to reduce，移开，减少); l同根词：destroyer (n.) 搞破坏的人l同义词：destruct; damage; killReview the New Wordsl3. create (v.) 创造l同根词：creation (n.)创造; creative (adj.)有创造力的；l4. pollution (n.) 污染，污染源l同根词：pollute (v.) 污染l5. survive (v.) 幸存l同根词：survival (n.)幸存；survivor (n.)幸存者l6. constantly (ad
7、v.)持续地，不断地；经常地l同根词：constant (adj.)不变的；经常的l同义词： unchanging; continuous; all the timel7. experience (v.) 经历l同根词：experience (n.); 经验；经历l同义词：come through; sufferl8. allow (v.) 允许，提供l同根词：allowable (adj.)容许的; allowance (n. )津贴；限额; l同义词：permit; providel9. evidence (n.)证据；证词；l同义词：proofl10. dominant (adj.)主要
8、的；占优势的；l同根词：ldominate (v.)支配; domination (n.)控制；管辖 mammal mml n. 哺乳动物Main IdealThe text is going to tell us that the end of dinosaurs was caused by an asteroid(小行星) hitting the earth many years ago, which destroyed the natural conditions the dinosaurs depended on. Text StructurePart I: The author gi
9、ves us the introduction of the whole text why dinosaurs disappeared: by asking several questions. Part II: The author agrees with the theory that the end of dinosaurs was caused by an asteroid hitting the earth and provides all kinds of evidences to support his opinion.Part III: The author concludes
10、 that the end of dinosaurs led to humans appearance on earth.You should divide the text into 3 parts according to their main ideas.Part I, and Part IIlIn Part I, the author raises a question(提出问题), and gives us some possible answers. What are the question and what are the answers?lIn Part II, how di
11、d the asteroid cause the dinosaurs to disappear? What are the evidences?cause v. 造成，带来造成，带来lDo they know what caused the fire?l他们知道是什么造成了这场火灾吗？lWhat caused the dinosaurs to disappear from the face of the earth?l是什么造成恐龙从地球上消失？lThe bad weather is causing problems for many farmers.l恶劣的天气给许多农民带来了问题。caus
12、e sth. 造成某事 cause sth. for sb. 给某人/ 某事造成某结果 cause sb./ sth. to do 使得某人/某事做某事 deadly adj. 致命的，致死的致命的，致死的lNuclear weapon is a deadly weapon.l核武器是一种致命的武器。l眼镜蛇式世界上最致命的蛇之一。lThe cobra is one of the worlds deadliest snake.Translation of Pa.1l是什么造成了恐龙从地球上的消亡？这个问题总是引起人们的关注。恐龙的灭绝是食物短缺引起的吗？它们是不是毁于致命的疾病呢？是不是天气的
13、变化造成了它们的消失呢？sentence structure 句型句型l这个问题总是引起人们的关注。lThis question always attracts peoples attention.l青少年的网瘾问题引起了很多专家的关注。Teenagers network addiction _.lTeenagers network addiction attracts many experts attention. seem to do sth似乎似乎；显得；显得l他似乎同意了我的建议。lHe seems to agree on my suggestion.lI seem to have c
14、aught a cold. l我似乎着凉了。agree on/about 同意，达成一致agree with sb. on/about sth. 就某事与某人达成一致agree with sth. 与相合；一致agree to sth. （尤指不乐意或争论之后的）同意；赞成lWe agreed on the plan. l我们同意这项计划。lThe soup didnt agree with my taste. l这种汤不合我的口味。lHe agreed to my idea. l他同意我的意见。lHe agreed with them about the need for change. l
15、他同意他们关于变化的需求。 sentence structurelit is likely that / it is probable that 很可能lIt is likely that he would fail the exam. l他可能会考试不及格。lIt is likely that we will win the game.l我们可能会赢得这场比赛。with prep. because of 由于，凭借lWith the help of my classmates, I worked out the difficult question. l由于同学的帮助，我做出了这道很难的题目
16、。lWith the development of high technology, we can get the latest news all over the world.l凭借着高科技的发展，我们可以获得全世界最新的新闻。 Translation of Pa. 2l现在，科学家似乎对恐龙消失的原因达成了一致看法。很可能在六亿五千万年前，有一颗在太空中飞行的小行星撞击了地球。这颗小行星的冲击力相当于十万颗氢弹，造成了毁灭恐龙的严寒冬天。so.that. 如此如此以至于以至于lShe was so sick today that she couldn t go to work as usu
17、al. l她今天病得太厉害了，以至于无法像往常那样去上班。lIt seems that the asteroid was so huge and hit the earth with such a strong force that it created a hole which was at least 200 kilometers across.l似乎可以推断这颗小行星的体积如此巨大，撞击地球的威力如此强烈，以至于给地球造成了一个至少宽两百公里的大坑。block out : stop light or noise 遮挡遮挡lThis kind of wallpaper is used to
18、 block out the music from next door room. l这种墙纸是用来遮挡隔壁房间的音乐的。Translation of Pa.3l似乎可以推断这颗小行星的体积如此巨大，撞击地球的威力如此强烈，以至于给地球造成了一个至少宽两百公里的大坑。由于这个坑非常大，又造成了数月以来遮天蔽日的尘埃。结果引起了地球上天气的巨变和海洋污染。据认为，这种变化使得地球上四分之三的生物毁灭了。英国一所大学的科学家们认为，流星碰撞地球引起的灰尘可能造成了地球上至少三个月暗无天日。depend on/upon sth. 依赖；取决于依赖；取决于Our success will depend
19、 on everyones effort. l我们的成功取决于每个人的努力。lThe harvest of crops depends on the weather and farmers hard working. l庄稼的成熟取决于天气和农民的辛勤劳动。survive v. 幸存；保留In the serious traffic accident, among 30 person, only 2 survived. l在这次严重的交通事故中，30人中只有两人生还下来。lSome strange customs have survived from earlier times. l有些奇特的
20、风俗从早期时代中继续保留下来。l小行星撞地球之后，有些小型的哺乳动物存活了下来。lAfter the asteroid hit the earth, some small mammals survived.Translation of P4l这次事件对恐龙这样的大型动物来说是毁灭性的打击。由于恐龙体积巨大，它们得通过不断地补充食物来维持生命。而小型动物则可以通过冬眠，等自然条件改善后再苏醒过来。因此，它们有更为有利的生存机会。Sentence Structurel这次事件对恐龙这样的大型动物来说是毁灭性的打击。(such a/an event, devastate)lSuch an event
21、 would be devastating to animals as large as the dinosaurs.l这样的医疗事故对任何病人都是致命的打击。l_medical negligence would be _. lSuch a medical negligence would be devastating to any patients. l 因此，它们有更为有利的生存机会。lTherefore they had a much better chance of surviving.枯枝被剪去了，这棵树就会长得更好。lThe dead wood were pruned away,
22、_ the tree _growth.lThe dead wood were pruned away, therefore, the tree has a better chance of growth.l*be sure (that) lbe certain (that) 确保，肯定lI was sure (that) I locked the door last night. l我确定昨晚我锁好了门。lAre you sure that you worked out the correct answer? l你能确定你做出了正确的答案？l*be sure of/about sth. lbe
23、 certain of sth. 对有把握lI hope you are sure of your facts. l我希望你能对事实有把握。lAre you sure about that?l你能确定那件事吗？l*as well as lin addition to; too 也，还有lI am learning English as well as French now. l我现在正学习英语和法语。l as well as 作为连词，必须连接前后相同的成分（名词、代词、动词-ing）l*experience lMy hometown has experienced great changes
24、 in the last 10 years. l我的家乡在过去10年里经历了巨大的变化。lLife is to experience happiness and sadness. l生活就是经历欢乐与痛苦。*along with = together with; in addition to; in the same way; 连同连同, 和和一起一起lThere was a bill along with the parcel.l包裹上附有一张账单。lAlong with the housework, I had to finish my homework after class.l下课后，
25、除了家务活儿，我还要完成家庭作业。*allow v.l1) let sb. do sth.; let sth. happen 允许lHis parents won t allow him to stay out late. 他的父母不允许他在外面呆到很晚。l2) make possible; provide 提供，供应lOur classroom allows 80 students to have classes.l我们的教室可以让80个学生上课。第五段第五段 译文译文l小行星碰撞地球引起恐龙灭绝的观点只是在20 世纪80 年代的时候才非常流行。那时，科学家们发现有一层薄薄的铱覆盖在地球表面
26、。铱是一种在地球上非常稀有而在小行星上很常见的元素。几年后，关于巨坑的证据在墨西哥发现了。如今，科学家们确信小行星非常巨大，以至于它有可能阻挡了射向地球的太阳光，并引起了酸雨性的暴风雨和地震; 这些地震比我们在过去100 年里经历的最厉害的地震还要强烈1000 倍。伴随着这些恐龙的消亡，所有会飞的爬行动物和许多海洋爬行动物都灭绝了。这就使得大型鱼类、鸟类还有像鳄鱼和蜥蜴这样的爬行动物在以后得到了发展。Key sentence patternsl小行星碰撞地球引起恐龙灭绝的观点只是在20 世纪80 年代的时候才非常流行。lThe idea that the dinosaurs were dest
27、royed because of asteroid only became popular in the 1980s. lQQ聊天的潮流自1990年代才开始流行。lThe trend of QQ chats _. lThe trend of QQ chats only became popular from the 1990s. l这就使得大型鱼类、鸟类还有像鳄鱼和蜥蜴这样的爬行动物在以后得到了发展。lThis allowed for the later development of large fish, birds and reptiles such as crocodiles and l
28、izards.l蓬勃的房地产业使得城市化迅速发展。lThe rising real estate industry _ of urbanization.lThe rising real estate industry allows for the quick development of urbanization.It is only since the disappearance of the dinosaurs that larger mammals have appeared on earth, leading eventually to the appearance of the mo
29、st dominant of all mammalsman!l*It is .that/who. lThis structure is used to emphasize any part of a sentence. （强调句型）正是（由于）lIt is Spain that youre going to.你要去的正是西班牙。lIt was three weeks later that we heard the news. 正是三星期后我们才得知这条消息l*dominant ladj.主要的；占优势的；显性的ln.主宰者；显性基因lPeace was the dominant theme o
30、f the conference.l和平是大会的首要议题。lThe British were formerly dominant in India. l英国人从前统治印度。第六段第六段 译文译文l许多哺乳动物生存下来了。许多还没有老鼠那么大; 正如今天许多像松鼠这样的小哺乳动物可以冬眠一样，它们能在灾难中最恶劣的天气里冬眠。事实上，人类是幸运的。如果我们人类生存在恐龙时代，很可能我们也被毁灭了。也可能正是由于恐龙从地球上消失的缘故，大型哺乳动物才出现在地球上，从而最终导致哺乳动物中最具统治地位的人类的出现。 need v./modal(情态动词情态动词)/n.l一、作情态动词 l1need作情
31、态动词无人称或数的变化， 后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。如：You neednt worry.你不必担心。 l2由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to;否定答语常用neednt. 如： Need I answer the question? 我需要回答那个问题吗？ Yes, you must. /Yes, you have to.是的，你必须回答。/是的，你得回答。/No, you neednt.不，不必了。 3由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定答语用neednt或dont have to。如： Must I do the work now?
32、 我必须现在干这个活吗？ Yes, you must /have to.是的，你必须做。/No, you neednt /dont have to. 不，你现在不必做。l二、作行为动词 need l作为行为动词有人称和数的变化， 后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to 的动词不定式；l可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中，如：She needs help.她需要帮助。I dont need to see the doctor.我不需要看病。Do you need to go at once? 你需要马上走吗？ Yes, I do.是的，我得马上去。 No, I dont.不，不用马上走。l n.需要;
33、必要 lI dont think theres any need for that.l我认为没那必要 .Vocabularyl1. have discoveredl2. hitl3. destroying/to be destroyedl4. were blockedl5. are. allowed tol6. disappearedl7. to hibernatel8. survivedl9. experiencedl10. to createExpressionsl2. He was the sort of person you could depend on.l3. Along with
34、 some decoration, I got what we needed at the party in the supermarket.l4. She is a talented musician as well as a creative photographer.l5. An interesting article about cloning on todays newspaper attracted my attention.l6. The police tried to find out what led to the young man killing his own fath
35、er.l7. I hope you are sure that all facts are against you on the court.l8. This device can be used to block out the noise.Translationl1. The reason of dinosaurs disappearance attracts many scientists attention.l2. He seems to agree on my suggestion.l3. The weather was so hot that we had to stop our
36、class. l4. Are you sure that the student who wears a pair of glasses borrowed your book?l5. After the exam, you should at least check the test paper.l6. The life of this family depends on the fathers income.l7. After the asteroid hit the earth, some small mammals survived.l8. Teenagers under 18 years old are not allowed to enter the net bar.
