1、副词及其基本用法 形容词变副词形容词变副词 记住以下口诀:记住以下口诀: 一般直接加,一般直接加,“元元e”去去e加,加,“辅辅y”改改i加,加,“le”结尾结尾e改改y。 分别举例如下:分别举例如下: quick-quickly; happy-happily; pssible-possibly simple-simply ; true-truly 具体规则如下:具体规则如下: 1.一般情况下直接加一般情况下直接加“ly”,如:,如: quick-quickly; polite-politely; sad-sadly; imediate-immediately; recent-recently
2、 2. 少数以少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加再加-ly。如:。如:true-truly; due-duly 绝大多数辅音字母加绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如:。如: polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely;nice-nicely 3. 以以“y”结尾的,且读音为结尾的,且读音为 / i /, 先将先将“y”改成改成“i”,再加,再加“ly”,如:,如: happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily 但是如果读音为但是如果读音
3、为 / ai /, 直接加直接加ly,如:,如:dry-dryly; sly-slyly; shy-shyly 4.以以ic 结尾的词,加结尾的词,加ally,如:,如: economic-economically; basic-basically; scientific-scientifically; automatic-automatically; energetic-energetically; 但是但是public-publicly 例外。例外。 5.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加le结尾时结尾时,去去e加加y,如:,如: simple-simply; considerable-consid
4、erably; terrible-terribly gentle-gently; possible-possibly; probable-probably; incredible-incredibly 元音字母加元音字母加le时加时加 ly,如:,如:sole-solely。但是但是whole-wholly例外例外。 6. 以以-ll结尾时,只须加结尾时,只须加 y,如:,如:dull-dully; shrill-shrilly 需注意需注意: 有些以有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如:词。如: friendly people; motherly care; love
5、ly dog; monthly exam; heavenly peace; a manly sport 副词主要用来修饰副词主要用来修饰动词动词,形容词形容词,副词或其他结构。,副词或其他结构。一、副词的位置:一、副词的位置:1) 在动词之前。在动词之前。2) 在在be动词、动词、助动词助动词之后。之后。 3) 多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。注意:注意:a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语宾语过长,副词可过长,副词可以提前,以使以提前,以使句子句子平衡。平衡。 We could see very clearly a
6、 strange light ahead of us.b. 方式副词方式副词well,badly糟、坏,糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾。等只放在句尾。He speaks English well. 二、副词的排列顺序:二、副词的排列顺序:1) 时间,时间,地点副词地点副词,小单位的,小单位的在前在前,大单位在后。,大单位在后。2) 方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或或but等等连词连词连接。连接。Please write slowly and carefully.3) 多个不同副词排列:程度多个不同副词排列:程度+地点地点+方式方式+时间副词。时间副词。
7、注意:副词注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。改错:改错:(错错) I very like English.(对对) I like English very much. 注意:副词注意:副词enough要放在形容词的要放在形容词的后面后面,形容词形容词enough放在放在名词名词前后都可。前后都可。I dont know him well enough.There is enough food for everyone to eat.There is food enough for everyone to eat. (1) 时间副词:常见的有时间
8、副词:常见的有now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, still, already, just等。如:等。如: An idea suddenly struck me.我心中忽然产生我心中忽然产生一个念头。一个念头。 (2) 地点副词:常见的有地点副词:常见的有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, o
9、verseas, upstairs, downstairs等。等。如:如: I am considering going abroad.我正在考虑出我正在考虑出国。国。 (3) 方式副词:表示行为方式的副词大多以方式副词:表示行为方式的副词大多以-ly结尾,常见的有结尾,常见的有quietly, heavily, warmly, carefully, happily, politely, angrily等。如:等。如: Look at the picture carefully.仔细看这幅画。仔细看这幅画。 (4) 频度副词:常见的有频度副词:常见的有always, usually, ofte
10、n, frequently, constantly, occasionally, sometimes, seldom, hardly, rarely, never等。等。 Sometimes he gets up early.他有时起得早他有时起得早。 (5) 程度副词:常见的有程度副词:常见的有fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, deeply, partly, perfectly, really等。等。如:如: The film was quite goo
11、d.这个电影不错。这个电影不错。 (6) 焦点副词:就是通过强调使之成为人们焦点副词:就是通过强调使之成为人们注意的焦点的副词,常见的有:注意的焦点的副词,常见的有:only, alone, also, even, just, merely, simply, mainly, especially, exactly, too, as well等。如等。如 Only Tom knows the answer.只有汤姆知道答只有汤姆知道答案。案。 (7) 连接副词:这类副词有相当于并列连词连接副词:这类副词有相当于并列连词的的therefore, besides, otherwise, howeve
12、r, moreover, furthermore, still, thus, meanwhile等,也有引导名词性从句或不定等,也有引导名词性从句或不定式的式的when, why, where, how等。如:等。如: I dont want to go out now, and besides, I must work.我现在不想出去,而且我还得工我现在不想出去,而且我还得工作作。 (8) 关系副词:就是引导定语从句的关系副词:就是引导定语从句的when, where, why等。如:等。如: This is the factory where his father works.这这就是他父
13、亲工作的那家工厂。就是他父亲工作的那家工厂。 (9) 疑问副词:就是用于引出特殊疑问句的疑问副词:就是用于引出特殊疑问句的when, where, why, how等。如:等。如: When will he be back?他什么时候回来?他什么时候回来? (10) 句子副词:就是修饰整个句子,表达说句子副词:就是修饰整个句子,表达说话人的观点态度的副词,常见的有话人的观点态度的副词,常见的有frankly, honestly, clearly, obviously, evidently, generally, briefly, fortunately, luckily, unexpectedly, naturally, hopefully等。如:等。如: Frankly, I am not satisfied with your work.说说实在的,我对你的工作不满意。实在的,我对你的工作不满意。