1、国家开放大学电大医药商品营销实务2031-2032期末试题及答案(试卷代号:2624)盗传必究一、名词解释(每题5分，共20分)1.兴奋作用:是指凡能使机体生理生化功能活动增强的作用，如肌肉收缩、腺体分泌增加、酶活性增强等。2.处方:是指由注册的执业医师和执业助理医师在诊疗活动中为患者开具的、由取得药学专业技术职务任职资格的药学专业技术人员审核、调配、核对，并作为患者用药凭证的医疗文书。医疗机构病区用药医嘱单也属于处方。3.票据:是指出票人约定自己或委托付款人在见票时或指定的日期向收款人或持票人无条件支付定金额并可流通转让的有价证券，包括汇票、本票和支票。4.市场营销策略:是企业为了实现营销任
2、务，适应顾客需要和营销环境的变化制定营销准则和营销方式。二、简答题(共40分)5.简述慢性咽炎的疾病介绍及治疗药物选择。(10分)答:(1)慢性咽炎指咽部黏膜层、黏膜下层及淋巴组织的炎症。一般是由急性咽炎反复发作及咽部经常受到粉尘、有害气体刺激发展而来。烟酒过度或其它不良生活习惯、鼻窦炎分泌物刺激、过敏体质或身体抵抗力减低等原因也可引发此病。该病主要症状有咽部有明显异物感，干燥、发痒灼热、微痛，炎部常有稠厚分泌物。晨起时症状更明显，一般无全身症状。(4分)2)治疗慢性咽炎药物化学药物可选择度米芬、西地碘等。(3分)中成药可选用铁笛丸、清咽丸、西瓜霜润喉片、冬菱草片等。(3分)6.简述药品依法陈
3、列的原则。(8分)答:依据药品管理法、药品经营质量管理规范的有关规定，药品陈列原则如下:药品与非药品分开陈列处方药与T药品分开陈列，处方药不得开架自选销售;内服药与外用药分开陈固体药品与液体药品分开陈列易串味药品与其他药品分开陈列危险品不得陈列，如必须陈列，只能陈列代用品或空包装;拆零药品应集中存放于拆零专柜，保留原包装标签;8中药饮片装斗前需复核，不得错斗、串斗，斗标应用正名正字。(每点1分，共8分)7.简述药品养护的除湿措施。(6分)答:药品养护的除湿措施包括:一般在库外天气晴朗，空气干燥时，打开门窗进行通风除湿。为了防止外界空气中潮气入侵库内，可采用封闭门窗缝隙的方法，必要时，在进出通道
4、挂上厚棉帘进行密封防潮。当库内空气湿度过高，室外气候条件不适宜通风降湿时，应采用除湿机吸湿和启用空调除湿。(每点2分，共6分)8. 简述药店处理顾客退换货的原则及操作程序。(11分)答:(1)药店处理顾客退换货的原则是(3分，每点1分):包装没有拆封时，只要确认是本店出售的，就可以退换;如果包装已被拆封，且确实是药品质量的问题，则可以考虑退换;非质量因素则一般不予退换。2)药店处理顾客退换货时的操作程序如下(8分，每点1分)倾听。以诚意和蔼的态度认真听取客户要求退换原因检查。仔细检查要求退换的医药商品的包装、批号、外观质量、购货小票，确认是否是本药店所售。记录。将记录情况填写在“销货退回商品台
5、账”、或“售后服务记录”上。道歉。对顾客购买的商品所带来的烦恼表示诚恳地道款。征询。征询顾客意见，看是否同意以货换货或退货。处理。双方协商意见一致后，办理退货手续，开出红票，顾客签名后处理。将退回商品进行质量验收。质量合格可以继续销售，做必要账务处理后入库或陈列柜台;质量不合格者则进入不合格区，登记不合格商品处理记录，做进一步处理。通报。将商品退换原因、处理结果向有关部门及员工通报，以期引起重视，并在服务工作中加以改9. 选择供应商的标准有哪些?(5分)答:选择供应商的标准包括：(1)商品质量。评价药品质量要事前评价。要走访供应商，进行实地考察，看其产品质量体系是否完普，是否通过了GMP或GS
6、P认证等。(2)购进成本。购进成本应包括寻求、査访、评选供应商的支出，采购商品价格，运输成本，检验成本，仓储成本等。(3)供货及时。供货及时的标准是看供应商是否能按采购商的要求准时交货，采购商什么时间要货，要多少货，供应商都能按时、按量交货。(4)内部组织与管理状况。供应商的内部组织与管理状况好坏会影响其整体服务水平。如果供应商的内部组织机构设置不合理，管理混乱，部门之间的工作相互扯皮，就会影响供应商的整体服务水平，进一步会影响到供应商的供货能力。(5)市场竟争力。选择供应商还应考虑供应商的促销能力及市场占有率等因素。(每点1分，共5分)三、计算题(10分)10.某药店全年商品销售额为500万
7、，年初商品资金占用额为70万元，一季度末为65万，二季度末为60万，三季度末为63万，年末为58万(均为售价)，估算综合进销差价为15;求商品资金周转次数与商品资金周转天数?(全年按365天计)解: 年平均商品资金占用额(售价)=(70/2+65+60+63+58/2)/4=63万(3分)年平均商品资金占用额(进价)=63(1-0.15)=53.55(2分)年商品资金周转次数=500(1-0.15)3/53.55=7.94次(2分)年商品资金周转天数=365/7.94=46天(3分2022年国家开放大学电大人文英语2、3、4网络核心课形考网考作业三套汇编附全答案最新国家开放大学电大人文英语2网
8、络核心课形考网考作业及答案考试说明：2022年电大把人文英语2网络核心课纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，它共有八个形考任务(单元自测)。针对该门课程，本人汇总了该科所有的题，形成一个完整的标准题库，并且以后会不断更新，对考生的复习、作业和考试起着非常重要的作用，会给您节省大量的时间。做考题时，利用本文档中的查找工具，把考题中的关键字输到查找工具的查找内容框内，就可迅速查找到该题答案。本文库还有其他网核及教学考一体化答案，敬请查看。本课程考核采用形成性考核与终结性考试相结合的方式。形成性考核占课程综合成绩的50%，终结性考试占课程综合成绩的50%。课程考核成绩统一采用百分制，即形成性考核、终结性考试
9、、课程综合成绩均采用百分制。课程综合成绩达到60分及以上（及格），可获得本课程相应学分。 单元自测 1 一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1-Wow! This is a marvelous room! You must spend a lot of time and energy in it._.选择一项：A. Dont mention it.B. Great, I am very art-conscious.C. Thanks you. It really cost me that much. 题目2-What about mailing it in the fastest way
10、? _.选择一项：A. Post office is over thereB. Thank you very muchC. By air mail 题目3At a time of this economic crisis, our _ should be very clear about what we need to do.选择一项：A. principleB. premiumC. priority 题目4_dangerous it is to ride fast on a busy road!选择一项：A. What a B. How C. What题目5There _ some milk
11、, some eggs and a few apples on the table.选择一项：A. areB. is C. will be题目1-Would you like me to help you to make a plan today for the summer vacation?_.选择一项：A. It is nice of you to say so, but Im busy tonight.B. No, I already have plans.C. Im ill, so I shouldnt go out.题目2How far is the Great Bay from
12、your house? _.选择一项：A. Sorry, its too longB. The Great Bay is five minutes away from my house and its fantastic.C. Yes, the Great Bay is real beautiful.题目3Criminals are given the _ of going to jail or facing public humiliation.选择一项：A. opinionB. optionC. opportunity题目4There must be something wrong wit
13、h my computer, _ there?选择一项：A. needntB. mustntC. isnt题目5The Chinese Red Cross contributed a _ sum to the relief of the physically disabled.选择一项：A. generalB. genuineC. generous题目1-Would you like me to help you to make a plan today for the summer vacation? _.选择一项：A. Im ill, so I shouldnt go out.B. No,
14、 I already have plans.C. It is nice of you to say so, but Im busy tonight.题目2-What about mailing it in the fastest way? _.选择一项：A. Post office is over thereB. By air mailC. Thank you very much题目3At a time of this economic crisis, our _ should be very clear about what we need to do.选择一项：A. priorityB.
15、premiumC. principle题目4A double room with a balcony overlooking the sea had been _ for him.选择一项：A. conservedB. deservedC. reserved题目5If there is any change about the time of the meeting, please notify us _.选择一项：A. in timeB. in advanceC. on time二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。（共50分）Lilian Hanson, a college studen
16、ts, expects to graduate in about two years. What makes Mrs. Hanson different from her classmates is her age73 years. She has been studying at college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years.When Lilian Hanson graduated from high school, she went to the bank to borrow money for the further education.
17、The banker gave her no encouragement. He didnt think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college. He thought she should be at home doing work in the house or around the farm. So Lilian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college. Mrs. Hanson never f
18、orgot her dream of getting a higher education. When her children were grown, she tried again.She finds the hardest part of going back to school at her age is to sit in class for long periods of time. Because she is not as quick as she used to be, Mrs. Hanson often gets up and walks around classes to
19、 keep from getting stiff (僵硬). At the beginning of a course in using the computer, the other students all stood up to give her a warm welcome when she introduced herself and explained why she was there and what her aims were.操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。1. Mrs. Hanson couldnt go to college immediately aft
20、er she graduated from high school becauseA.A. she hadnt got enough money B. she was a country girl C. the banker ordered her not to borrow money2. Mrs. Hanson wanted to borrow money from the bankC.A. to support her family B. because she was 73 years old C. to further her education at college3. In th
21、e college, what makes Mrs. Hanson different from her classmates isC.A. the fact that she is poor B. that she has a family of nine children C. that she is 73 years old4. The computer students welcome Mrs. Hanson warmly because CA. she had got an excellent result in the exam B. she was good at telling
22、 funny stories C. they were deeply moved by her spirit5. Mrs. Hanson is the sort of person whoCA. cares for study very much B. likes to borrow money from the bank C. tries to save money for her family.根据文章内容，判断正误。（共50分）A Speech about My HometownMy lovely hometown is located on the south shore of an
23、island. Its a small town with only about 9,000 people and an area of about 3.8 square miles. First, I want to talk about the people in the neighborhood. Generally speaking, people are very nice here, especially in summer. I feel that in summer everyone is in a great mood, and very generous. For exam
24、ple, one summer afternoon, I was at the gas station filling up my car and was short of money. Generously an old gentleman gave me the money to pay the gas attendant. Thats the type of people you can expect from my hometown.The greatest part about the town, in my opinion, is the location. The Great B
25、ay is five minutes away from my house and its fantastic. Another great thing is how close everybody lives to each other. With it being such a small town, all my friends live five minutes away, which is a great advantage to me and everyone else. Lastly, the nightlife is great. On any Saturday night e
26、very bar is packed with people, so theres always something going on. So far Ive explained the good side of my hometown, but there are also some boring things about it. It is great in summer, but it is a different story in winter. When winter comes around, the town turns into a “ghost town”. This is
27、because there is nowhere to go. The only thing we have is a shopping center. It would be nice if we had a few more options to choose from.操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。1. My lovely hometown is located on the north shore of an island. F2. Once I was at the gas station filling up my car and didnt have enough money w
28、ith me.T3. I dont think it a great advantage that all my friends live five minutes away.F4. On any Saturday night every bar is full of people.T5. When winter comes around, we still have many options to choose from. F根据上下文，补全对话内容。（共50分）操作提示：通过下拉选项框，选择答案。A. So maybe we should avoid long traveling hour
29、s, and make the trip a relaxing one.B. Lakes always bring people peace and quiet.C. Actually the boss told me to make plans for the trip.D. One more thing, we need to make safety a priority.E. There will be less traffic and fewer people there.Zhang Hua: Do you know that the senior members of our com
30、pany were whispering about a short trip?Liu Hui: Yes, I heard about it this morning. C.Zhang Hua: Really? Then you will need to think hard about it. Liu Hui: Sure. Since you are here, maybe you can help me work out some ideas.Zhang Hua: For a start, we need to bear in mind that many of them are abou
31、t sixty years old.Liu Hui: A. Zhang Hua: Right. What about the countryside? E. Liu Hui: That is an option. Besides, its better to go to a place with a lake or river and hills covered with trees in the area. Zhang Hua: I like this idea. B. Liu Hui: And they can either walk around the lake or take a b
32、oat for relaxation.Zhang Hua:D.Liu Hui: Exactly. Thank you for your suggestions, I will work out an itinerary for the trip this afternoon.Zhang Hua: Youre welcome.单元自测2一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题） 题目1What are you going to do in the 2022 Winter Olympics? _.选择一项：A. Yes, I have been there.B. Im going to be a vol
33、unteer. C. I am travelling abroad.题目2Can I take your order, madam? _.选择一项：A. No, the prices reasonableB. Yes, its as quiet as we expectedC. Yes. Id like an Italian soup to start with and then some fried noodles 题目3When we heard of it, we were deeply _选择一项：A. moveB. moved C. moving题目4They found all t
34、he guests _ when they woke up.选择一项：A. gone B. goC. going题目5Do not think that you are helping others who are not fortunate, but think of it as _?选择一项：A. tradeB. bargainC. exchange 题目1Would you like anything else？_?选择一项：A. Id like to take bus.B. Id like to play piano.C. Id like some cookies.题目2Can I t
35、ake your order, madam? _.选择一项：A. Yes, its as quiet as we expectedB. No, the prices reasonableC. Yes. Id like an Italian soup to start with and then some fried noodles题目3When people try to call their doctors during off hours, they usually hear a recorded message instructing them to go to the _ room i
36、n the event of a crisis.选择一项：A. emergencyB. emergenceC. urgency题目4I _ his efforts and I wish him well. 选择一项：A. thankB. appreciateC. gratitude题目5If you take the _ to learn a new skill, you will grasp it quickly.选择一项：A. initiationB. initiatingC. initiative题目1Whats your plan for the summer vacation? _.
37、选择一项：A. I have a good plan.B. Im shopping now.C. Im planning to go to Italy. 题目2Do you mind if I ask you why you choose to be a volunteer? _.选择一项：A. Of course not. Well, you know volunteering is a great way to get work experience! B. Yes. Volunteering is a great way to get work experience!C. Of cour
38、se. Volunteering is a great way to get work experience!题目3He looked _ after reading the newspaper选择一项：A. worried B. worryC. worrying题目4After cleaning the floor, I went on _the window.选择一项：A. cleanB. cleaning C. to clean题目5We walked down the stairs_ taking the elevator.选择一项：A. instead of B. insteadC.
39、 instead us二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。（共50分）Why Volunteer?Volunteering is a great way to get work experience, and may be one of the most valuable experiences of your life. You learn new skills by trying new jobs. Better yet, you can meet people who can give you guidance and possibly help you to find a paid
40、 job later on. Employers will be impressed that you took the initiative to learn new things. You can learn how a charitable organization works. Best of all, you will be taking action to promote what you think is important and probably be helping someone else along the way.Instead of considering volu
41、nteering as something you do for people who are not as fortunate as yourself, begin to think of it as an exchange. Consider that most people find themselves in need at some point in their lives. You may be the person with the ability to help today, but tomorrow you may be someone who needs others he
42、lp. Even now you might be on both sides of the service cycle: maybe you are a tutor for someone who cant read, while last month the volunteer ambulance corps rushed you to the emergency room. Volunteering also includes “self-help.” So if you are active in your neighborhood crime watch, your home is
43、protected while you protect your neighbors homes, too. Its a double win: your community or cause benefits from your work and you benefit from your experiences. In a word, adding your effort to the work of others makes everyones lives better.操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。1. After you have helped others, you
44、 mightA. A. get guidance from someone else and maybe get a job. B. feel that youre not as fortunate as others. C. feel that you are special.2. What is the meaning of the word “initiative” in paragraph1? B A. benefit B. positive power C. energy3. Volunteering is a great way to get B. A. a lot of mone
45、y to become rich. B. work experience and learn new skills. C. pride in daily life.4. When we help others we internally(本质上)A A. help ourselves. B. benefit from others. C. get something different in life.5. By volunteering, we can makeC. A. you protect your neighbors homes. B. the volunteer ambulance
46、 corps rushed you. C. ones life easier and happier.结合上下文内容补全填空。（共50分）操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。My Volunteer Experience at the Youth Services Center LibraryMy experience at the library included assisting kids during their library visit in a number of waysreaders advisory, working with the kids during library skills sessions, and checking out books. Of all of these experiences, working through problems with the kids during library skills sessions was most rewarding. Some of the
