1、1所谓的复合句是指简单句+从属连词+简单句。复合句包含三大类：名词性从句、形容词性从句、副词性从句。其中形容词性从句即为定语从句，副词性从句指状语从句。而名词性从句较为复杂，包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句专升本英语高频语法点梳理专升本英语高频语法点梳理高频考点高频考点-复合句复合句。名名词词性性从从句句主主语语从从句句一、基本概念：一个从句放在主语的位置上。二、引导主语从句的连接词A.that:引导主语从句不做成分，不能省略。例题：_the prices go up is certain.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.WhichB.if，whether（是否）：引导放在句
2、首的主语从句，只能用 whether。例题：_ the meeting should last two days or three days doesnt matter.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.WhereC.连接副词（特殊疑问句）when/whenever,where/wherever,how/however,why,how often,how soon,how far,how long 有词义，在从句作状语成分。不可省。例题：_ you did it is not known to all.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.WhichD.no matter who,no
3、matter what 等不可引导主语从句，只能引导状语从句。例题：_he does has nothing to do with me.A.WhateverB.No matter whatC.ThatD.If三、it 形式主语句型关注抖抖音音账账号号1349041691分享更多学习资料2Its certain/uncertain that肯定/不确定Its a pity/shame that很可惜/很遗憾Its no surprise that毫不奇怪/很正常Its said/reported that据说/据报道It happens that碰巧例题：_ is still a questi
4、on _ will win.A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that四、主语从句中的虚拟语气Its a pity/shame/no wonder+that+主语+(should)+v.Its requested/suggested/desired+that+主语+(should)+v.Its necessary/strange/important+that+主语+(should)+v.例题：It is important that we all _ the meeting.A.attendingB.need attendC.should attendD.mi
5、ght attend宾宾语语从从句句一、基本概念：一个从句放在宾语的位置上。二、引导宾语从句的引导词A.that:引导宾语从句不做成分，可以省略。但若有两个或以上的 that 引导的宾语从句时，只可以省去第一个 that，其后的不省。例句:I find(that)he is dishonest and that he often tell lies.B.if，whether（是否）：引导宾语从句可互换。注意：只能用 whether 的情况与 or not 连用时/介词后的宾语从句/whether to do/discuss whether+句子。例句：We discussed whether
6、we should hold a meeting.C.连接副词（特殊疑问句）when/whenever,where/wherever,how/however,why,how often,how soon,how far,how long 有词义，在从句作状语成分。不可省。例题：-Have you found your book yet?-No,Im not sure _ I could have left it.A.whetherB.whereC.whenD.why三、it 形式宾语1）find,feel,consider,make,believe+it+其他成分+that 宾语从句。例句：I
7、 think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.关注抖抖音音账账号号1349041691分享更多学习资料32）有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加 itappreciate,hate,dislike,take,have,see to+it+宾语从句。例句：I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.四、宾语从句的语序宾语从句使用正常的陈述语气（主谓）。例题：These shoes look very good.I wonder _.A.how much c
8、ost they areB.how much do they costC.how much they costD.how much are they cost五、宾语从句的时态A.主句：现在时/将来时；从句：时态独立B.主句：过去时；从句：过去的某一种时态C.表示客观真理，从句：一般现在时例句：He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.六、宾语从句的否定前移think,believe,imagi
9、ne,suppose 等动词引起的宾语从句，若要表达否定含义，一般应将主句中的动词变为否定式。例句：We dont think you are here.I dont believe he will do so.表表语语从从句句一、基本概念：一个从句放在表语的位置上二、引导表语从句的引导词：参见主语从句/宾语从句的引导词注意：引导表语从句的任何词都不能省略在表语从句中，表“是否”不用 if，用 whetheras if/though/because 可以引导表语从句例题：From space,the earth looks blue.This is _about seventy-one per
10、cent of its surface iscovered by water.A.whyB.howC.becauseD.whether三、常考结构：The reason why.is that.的原因就是.例题：The reason why she couldnt come to the meeting was _ she had not been invited.关注抖抖音音账账号号1349041691分享更多学习资料4A.becauseB.whichC.thatD.why同同位位语语从从句句一、基本概念：解释说明抽象名词二、引导同位语从句的引导词：常考：that，whether，how，w
11、hen，where，what例题：The order came _ the soldiers _ the small village the next morning.A.that;had to leaveB.that;should leaveC./;must leaveD.when;should leave三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句的结构是:“名词+that+完整的陈述句”定语从句的结构是:“名词+that+不完整的句子”例句：The news that you heard is not true.The news that Lincoln was murdered at a
12、theater is true.定定语语与与定定语语从从句句定语：限定修饰名词一一、定定语语的的分分类类前置定语：定语+名词N/adj./V-ing/v-ed+名词后置定语：名词+定语名词+to do 短语/V-ing 短语/V-ed 短语/adj.词性短语/介词短语/定语从句例句：This is a very interesting book.We met a group of pupils returning from school.二二、定定语语从从句句基本构成：先行词+从属连词+句子从属连词：关系代词/关系副词1.关关系系代代词词：that/which/who/whom/whoseth
13、at:修饰人/物;做主语,宾语;做宾语,可省略;逗号，介词之后不用 that例题：The girls_he interviewed were always complaining about their long hours.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when关注抖抖音音账账号号1349041691分享更多学习资料5【只只能能用用 that 的的情情况况】1)当先行词是 all/none/both/something/each/every 等不定代词或被不定代词所修饰时2)当先行词被强势指定时 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。被 the only/the very/the
14、just 所修饰时。3)当先行词既有人又有物时。4)当先行词为 who 或者主句是以 who/which 开头的特殊疑问句时。which:修饰物/句子;做主语，宾语;做宾语，可省略;介词+which（which 不可省）。who：指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。whom：指代人，在从句中作宾语，有时可以省略。介词后，只能用 whom，且不可以省略。whose：“谁的”后接的名词和先行词之间呈所属关系。【注注意意：“介介词词+关关系系代代词词”引引导导的的定定语语从从句句】“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用 which（指物）或 whom(指人)，即：介词+which/whom
15、。1）当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词只能用 which 或 whom，并且不能省略。2）“复合介词短语+关系代词 which”引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序。如：He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tall tree.3）介词+which/whom+不定式结构The poor man has no house in which to live.=The poor man has no house to live in.=The poor man has no hous
16、e in which he can live.那个穷人没房子住。2.关关系系副副词词：when/where/whywhen:修饰时间，做时间状语。where:修饰地点，做地点状语。where 也可修饰 job,position,situation,state,point,case,work,activity 等抽象名词。why:修饰 reason，做原因状语：The reason why.is that.。例题：I still remember the place _ our class once did some field work.A.thereB.whichC.whereD.when3
17、.as 用用法法1）先行词被 such/the same 修饰，常用 as。且 as 多用于固定句型，译为“正如一样”。关注抖抖音音账账号号1349041691分享更多学习资料6例题：Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest _ everyone likes to visit.A.thatB.asC.whichD.what补补充充：such.as/such.that 的的区区别别such as 中 as 引导的是定语从句，as 在从句中做成份such that 引导状语从句，从句完整 He is such a clever boy a
18、s everyone likes.（定语从句）He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.（状语从句）2）引引导导非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句时时，as 和和 which 的的区区别别位置不同：which 非限位于主句后，但 as 非限可位于主句前、中、后。结构不同：as+be/别的系动词。意义不同：as 引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事。as 多用于固定搭配中as is often the case 这是常有的事as was expected 不出所料as often happens 正如经常发生的那样as is know
19、n to all 众所周知as has been said before 如上所述as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的例题：The size of the audience,_ we had expected,was well over one thousand.A.whomB.asC.whoD.that4.the way 后后面面的的定定语语从从句句引引导导词词the way+in which/that/-+定语从句。例题：I dont like the way _ he looks at me.A.in thatB.whichC.of whichD./三三、定定语语
20、从从句句中中的的主主谓谓一一致致定语从句中的谓语动词的形式与先行词的单复数保持一致。常考点：one of+复数名词+关系代词+复数形式动词。the only one of+复数名词+关系代词+单数形式动词。例题：1.Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who_in China.A)worksB)is workingC)are workingD)has been2.Tom is the only one of the students who_to Shanghai.A)have goneB)have beenC)has beenD)had gone关
21、注抖抖音音账账号号1349041691分享更多学习资料71.Much_she likes him,she would never consider marrying him.A.whileB.asC.althoughD.despite选 B。as 引导让步状语从句时，表示“虽然”，且需要将被强调的成分提前。自下而上，即从选项共性提示看，前三个是连接词，表示“虽然”，而 D 是介 词，意思也是“虽然”。自上而下，即从前后两个小句的语法和语义关系判断，选择一个表示让步的连 接词。2.Thisdictionaryisdesignedforthelearners_nativelanguagesaren
22、ot English.A.whoseB.whichC.whoD.what选 A。定语从句，空格前 learners 是先行词，空格后紧跟名词 nativelanguages，该名词和 learners 是所属关系，即“学习者的母语”。3.She longed to visit Europe_ she often dreamt about it.A.so seriously thatB.so anxiously thatC.to such extent thatD.to such an extent that选 D。首先，tosomeextent 是固定搭配；其次，suchthat 引导结果状语
23、从句，且such 后接名词。选项 A 和 B 从语法角度上看是可以的，so 后面接副词或形容 词，但这里语义不通顺。4.It was _she spoke that I had realized she wasnt English.A.untilB.unlessC.not untilD.not unless选 C。该句最初形式是 I hadnt realized she wasnt English until she spoke.然后 not until 提前引起倒装，Not until she spoke had I realized she wasnt English.最后该句改成强调句形
24、式，形成该题。5.It may be many years _ the situation in that area improves.A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.when选 A。语义翻译检测。6 The more careful they are,_A the less mistakes will they makeB the less mistakes theyll makeC the fewer mistakes will they makeD the fewer mistakes theyll make选 D。mistake 是可数名词，用 few 修饰，littl
25、e 表示数量少，修饰不可数名词。在 themorethemore 结构中，themore 置于前面，后面加主谓结构，所以选 D。7 We didnt know what to do _ the money had gone.关注抖抖音音账账号号1349041691分享更多学习资料8A onceB whetherC thoughD then该句翻译成“一旦没有了钱，我们不知道该怎么办”。8 _the kids have left home,were got a lot of extra space.A Since thatB NowC Even ifD Even so选 B。now(that)表
26、示原因。Since 单独可以表示原因，无需用 that9.It didnt rain _ I got to the Town Hall.A.unlessB.ifC.untilD.whether选 C。语义通顺。10.Itwasbecausehewantedtodrawmoneyfromthebank_hewent downtown yesterday.A.whenB.howC.whyD.that选 D，这是个强调句。判断强调句的标准在于将 it is that 省略后不影响句子成分。11.Mary wasnt at home,_ I left a note.A.sinceB.whileC.or
27、D.so选 D。语义通顺检测。12.He changed his mind,_ made me angry.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.what选 C，先行词是前面整个句子，定语从句。13._ marketing is concerned,it is better to have a meeting with the sales managers.A.As long asB.As soon asC.As far asD.As much as选 C，as far as is concerned 固定搭配。14.I know nothing about his journey exce
28、pt _ he is likely to be away for threeweeks.A.howB.thatC.whichD.what选B，介词 except 后面接宾语从句，该宾语从句是陈述句，不缺成分。注意 belikelyto do关注抖抖音音账账号号1349041691分享更多学习资料9可以直接修饰人，但只能说成 it is possible/probable for sb to do sth。15.You could go _ you want to in the world during the summer vacation.A.whereverB.whicheverC.howeverD.whatever选 A。wherever 引导地点状语从句，该从句中 you want to 后面省略了 go。更更多多资资料料分分享享，关关注注抖抖音音
