1、Unit 3Where Principle Comes First1第1页，共98页。Where to get education?1.family education 2.school education 3.social education 4.natural education2第2页，共98页。Family education Family is our earliest school,parents is our initial teacher.No matter who they are and what they do,they are our idol for lifetime
2、 and where we learn love from.3第3页，共98页。School educationThe knowledge and ability from in here,the object of teaching a child is to enable him to get alone without teacher.The aim of school edition is general to prepare student for life in the world.We learn how to draw general conclusions form vari
3、ous facts.Education is to help the students to have a wide diversity of work and interest.4第4页，共98页。Social education Traditional ideology is so deeply rooted in peoples minds that it is rather hard to be uprooted.5第5页，共98页。Natural education What can we learn from the nature?As much as you want,thank
4、ful for nature,it created the seasons,the seasons for human life are a lot of fun.For spring,it gives us new hope.Thanks to heavy summer,for giving us a passionate life.Grateful for the autumn harvest,it gives a joy.Thank you winter,you gives us our dreams.6第6页，共98页。In your heart,education means?Kno
5、wledge Interests Intelligence Else?7第7页，共98页。What is the purpose of What is the purpose of education?education?8第8页，共98页。Education has for its object the formation of character.教育的目的在于品德的培养。9第9页，共98页。Education is not an end,but a means to end.教育不是目的，而是一种达到目的的手段。10第10页，共98页。An educational system shou
6、ld be one in which the love of learning,rather than the acquisition of facts,is cultivated.教育应该培养学生酷爱学习，而不仅仅是为了获取事实。11第11页，共98页。It is wrong to spoon-feed the students.对学生进行填鸭式教育是错误的。12第12页，共98页。Education polishes good natures,and corrects bad ones.教育可以光大善良的天性，纠正邪恶的天性。13第13页，共98页。Try not to become a
7、man of success but try to become a man of valueEnding 14第14页，共98页。Are you satisfied with the educational situation in China?What kind of improvements should be done?15第15页，共98页。encouraging students imagination,creativity improving the relationship between students and teachers spreading the idea of
8、“quality teaching”giving students more freedom in the classroom teaching students the value of creative thinking 16第16页，共98页。17第17页，共98页。Tsinghua University18第18页，共98页。Harvard UniversityTruth19第19页，共98页。University of OxfordThe Lord is My Light20第20页，共98页。Yale University Light and Truth21第21页，共98页。哈佛
9、大学哈佛大学校训：让柏拉图与你为友校训：让柏拉图与你为友,让亚里斯多德与你为友让亚里斯多德与你为友,更重要的是更重要的是,让真理与你为友让真理与你为友著名毕业生：著名毕业生：J.F.J.F.肯尼迪总统肯尼迪总统 剑桥大学剑桥大学校训：从这里闪耀和神圣的知识校训：从这里闪耀和神圣的知识著名毕业生：牛顿著名毕业生：牛顿 牛津大学牛津大学校训：校训：真理是我的老师 加州理工加州理工校训：校训：真理使人自由 耶鲁大学耶鲁大学校训：校训：真理和光明 哥伦比亚大学哥伦比亚大学校训：校训：从你的智慧之光我们看到光明 普林斯顿大学普林斯顿大学校训：为国家服务，为世界服务 22第22页，共98页。1、北京大学：
10、思想自由，兼容并包2、清华大学：自强不息，厚德载物3、上海交通大学：饮水思源，爱国荣校4、复旦大学：博学而笃志 切问而近思 5、武汉大学：自强、弘毅、求是、拓新6、浙江大学：求是，创新7、中国人民大学：实事求是8、南京大学：励学敦行,诚朴雄伟 23第23页，共98页。9、吉林大学：励志图强,求实创新 10、中山大学：博学 审问 慎思 明辨 笃行 11、北京师范大学：学为人师,行为世范 12、华中科技大学：明德厚学、求是创新 13、四川大学：海纳百川，有容乃大 14、中国科技大学：勤奋学习，红专并进，理实交融 15、南开大学：允公允能，日新月异24第24页，共98页。Qinghai Normal
11、 University25第25页，共98页。Related InformationRelated InformationTo be continuedIn 1966 Joe Gauld,founded Hyde School in Bath,Maine.A second boarding campus was established in 1996 in Woodstock,Connecticut.Hyde School is an independent,college preparatory school with a focus on family-based character ed
12、ucation.1.Brief introduction of Hyde26第26页，共98页。Related InformationGauld established the Hyde curriculum,based upon Five Words,rather than five subjects:Courage,Integrity,Leadership,Curiosity,and Concern;and he incorporated them into every facet of the program.27第27页，共98页。Character-Based Five Words
13、Five PrinciplesKey Words About Hyde SchoolRelated Information28第28页，共98页。One of Hydes basic purposes is to develop students character.This focus on character unleashes the deepest motivation in students self-discovery.The s c h o o l h e l p s s t u d e n t sanswer the following three questions:-Who
14、 am I?-Where am I going?-What do I need to do to get there?Character-basedRelated Information29第29页，共98页。Our Five Words are what we believe define character:Leadership-I am a leader through asking the best of myself and the best of others.Integrity-I am gifted with a unique potential and conscience
15、as my guide to discovering it.Curiosity-I am responsible for my own learning.Courage-I learn the most by facing challenges and taking risks.Concern-I need a challenging and supportive community in which to develop my character.Five WordsRelated Information30第30页，共98页。Five PrinciplesOur Five Principl
16、es guide the conduct of all the schools activity:Destiny-Each of us is gifted with a unique potential that defines a destiny.Humility-We trust in a power and purpose beyond ourselves.Conscience-We achieve our best through character and conscience.Truth-Truth is our primary guide.Brothers Keeper-We h
17、elp others achieve their best.Related Information31第31页，共98页。l Attitude more than aptitude l Effort more than ability l Character more than talent Focus of HydeRelated Information32第32页，共98页。HYDE SCHOOLS(海德中学海德中学)33第33页，共98页。学校特色学校特色该校特别强调教师和学生的鉴定。该校特别强调教师和学生的鉴定。学校于学校于19771977年成立家庭学习中心（年成立家庭学习中心（The
18、 Family Learning CenterThe Family Learning Center），通过组织），通过组织地区性家长来帮助他们理解学校的各项计划。地区性家长来帮助他们理解学校的各项计划。海德中学的招生是全年性的，学生能否被录取要视校内面试而定。海德中学的招生是全年性的，学生能否被录取要视校内面试而定。34第34页，共98页。课程设置课程设置英语课程：英语英语课程：英语9-129-12、英语语言和写作、高级英语文学、高级英语、英语语言和写作、高级英语文学、高级英语数学课程：代数（数学课程：代数（1-21-2）、几何、高级几何、基础代数、大学代数和三角学、微积分、）、几何、高级几何
19、、基础代数、大学代数和三角学、微积分、初级微积分、微积分初级微积分、微积分ABAB、微积分、微积分BCBC科学课程：地球科学、生物、高级生物、化学、高级化学、物理、高级生物、环境科学科学课程：地球科学、生物、高级生物、化学、高级化学、物理、高级生物、环境科学历史课程：古代历史、现代欧洲史、美国历史、二十世纪历史、政府语言课程：西班牙（历史课程：古代历史、现代欧洲史、美国历史、二十世纪历史、政府语言课程：西班牙（1-1-3 3）、西班牙语西班牙文学）、西班牙语西班牙文学选修课程：陶瓷、美术、选修课程：陶瓷、美术、2D2D技术、公共演讲、戏剧表演技术、公共演讲、戏剧表演35第35页，共98页。体育
20、活动体育活动全年运动：足球、英式足球全年运动：足球、英式足球BathBath校区：校区：冬季运动：篮球、摔跤、游泳、室内田径冬季运动：篮球、摔跤、游泳、室内田径春季运动：网球、田径、长棍曲球春季运动：网球、田径、长棍曲球WoodstockWoodstock校区：校区：秋季运动：足球、英式足球秋季运动：足球、英式足球冬季运动：篮球、摔跤冬季运动：篮球、摔跤春季运动：网球、田径、长曲棍球、长跑春季运动：网球、田径、长曲棍球、长跑 36第36页，共98页。The United States has both public schools and private schools.Public scho
21、ols are government-controlled at the city level,with standards being set partially at the state and federal level.Generally speaking,the city has the most influence on the schools,followed by the state,and finally by the federal government.Funding for public schools comes from all three levels of go
22、vernment,the primary source being local property taxes paid by homeowners.There is no charge for attending public schools.Related InformationAbout Education System in U.S.A37第37页，共98页。Private schools,on the other hand,can be quite expensive to attend.So why do parents send their children to private
23、schools?There are several reasons.One is status.Some private schools are highly regarded,and lend prestige to their students and alumni.Another reason is quality of education,although there are some public schools that offer education superior to private schools.A third reason is wishing to avoid pr
24、oblems associated with a small number of students at certain public schools,including violence and drug use.The other reason is religion.Some parents want their children to attend schools that teach religion as well as academics,which is prohibited by law in the public schools.Related Information38第
25、38页，共98页。A final trend to discuss in American education is home schooling.This practice,which has been growing in popularity in recent years,involves teaching children in the home,as the name implies.Home schooling is most popular with religious conservatives,who are concerned their children might b
26、e exposed to things and ideas they would prefer them to avoid.Related Information39第39页，共98页。Text Analysis-(1)Text Analysis-(1)Central topic:The text is about the Hyde Schools successful search for a new approach in education,which is centered upon teaching students the merit of such values as truth
27、,integrity,leadership,curiosity and concern.40第40页，共98页。Text Analysis-(2)Text Analysis-(2)Part I(Paras.1-2)Part IIPart IIIPart IVTo feed the readers curiosity about“Where Principles Come First”,the author starts his article with an introduction to the principles on which the Hyde School operates.Quo
28、tation(引言法引言法)Main idea?Devices for developing it?41第41页，共98页。Text Analysis-(3)Text Analysis-(3)Main idea?Part II(Paras.3-11)Part IPart IIIPart IVSince the Hyde principles are somewhat different from those of other schools,they are rejected by some schools,as described in Para.3,and appreciated by o
29、thers,as described in Paras.4 11.Exemplification（举例法）（举例法）Devices for developing it?42第42页，共98页。Text Analysis-(4)Text Analysis-(4)This part deals with detailed principles and approaches in the Hyde School program:valuing each students character-based unique potential,and requiring both students resp
30、onsibility for each other and parents commitment to the program.Main idea？Devices for developing it?Part III(Paras.12-16)Part IPart IIPart IVDeduction(演绎法）演绎法）43第43页，共98页。Text Analysis-(5)Text Analysis-(5)This part is about how beneficial or good the program is to both the teachers and the students.
31、Main idea？Devices for developing it?Part IV(Paras.17-20)Part IPart IIPart IIIExemplification(举例法举例法)Comparison&Contrast(对比法对比法)44第44页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions publicity n.1.U public notice or attention 公众的注意；名声 eg.The companys continued use of such dangerous chemicals has attracted a
32、 lot of negative publicity.这个公司继续使用这样的危险化学品招来了不少批评。The film actresss marriage got a lot of publicity.这位女电影演员的婚姻引起了公众的极大关注。2.U(business of)providing information in order to attract public attention;advertising（商业）广告，宣传，宣扬eg.The concert wasnt given much advance publicity,so many tickets remained unsol
33、d.音乐会事先没有做很多宣传，所以许多票没有卖出去。The publicity material sent out by the company stressed their concern for the environment.这个公司散发的宣传材料强调了他们对环境的关心。45第45页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions see as:consider sb.or sth.to be eg.Do you see the new leader as the hope of the company?你认为新领导是公司的希望吗？Most people
34、 see his action as possibly dangerous.多数人认为他的行动可能很危险。Why are deaf children so often seen as stupid?为什么聋哑儿童常常被认为是傻子？Her questions were seen as interrupting the class.她不时的提问被认为是打断讲课。46第46页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions Cultivate vt.1.develop and improve 培养，陶冶，发展eg.At this school we aim to c
35、ultivate the minds of all the children we teach.在这所学校里，我们旨在陶冶学生的心灵。She seems to spend her life trying to cultivate her career.她的一生似乎都在成就其事业。2.prepare and use(land,soil,etc.)for growing crops 耕种，耕作 Most of the land there is too poor to cultivate.那里的大部分土地太贫瘠，无法耕种。He cultivated the field with a large t
36、ractor.他用一台大型拖拉机耕地。47第47页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions spread to:(cause to)reach sb.or sth.else,as by touching or other means of passing eg.Firemen succeeded in preventing the fire from spreading to other office buildings.消防队员成功地防止了火势蔓延到其他办公楼。We have been asked to spread the news to all
37、our friends.有人请我们把消息告诉所有的朋友。If you allow the child to attend school he could spread the bad cold to all the other children.如果你让孩子上学，他可能将重感冒传染给其他孩子。48第48页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions suspend:vt.;1)stop or delay sth.for a time eg.Some rail services were suspended during the strike.罢工期间，有些
38、铁路服务中止了。The young man was given a suspended sentence.这个年轻人被判缓刑。The union suspended strike action this week.工会本周中止了罢工行动。2)hang sth.up eg.A lamp was suspended from the ceiling.天花板上吊着一盏灯。3)send sb.away from his/her school,job,position,etc.for a period of time,usu.as a punishment for doing sth.bad eg.He
39、 was suspended from school.他被开除离校。She was suspended from her job shortly after the incident.事故发生后不久，她就被开除了。49第49页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions protest:v.express ones disagreement,feeling of unfairness,annoyance,etc.Please notice that in American English“protest”is used without a preposit
40、ion.eg.They protested the governments handling of the situation.他们反 对政府处理局势的手法。Most people protest the companys decision to lay off so many workers.多数人反对公司如此大规模的裁员决议。Compare:The students have been protesting against the governments decision.学生们一直在抗议政府的决定。The children protested loudly at being taken
41、home early.孩子们大声抗议过早地被带回家。Many of the holiday-makers protested about the lack of information at the airport.许多度假者抗议机场没有提供足够的信息。50第50页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions strain:n.1)a state of worry and tension eg.He is under a lot of strain at work.他承受着很大的工作压力。Mums illness has put a strain on t
42、he whole family.妈妈的病使全家人担忧。2)the condition of being pulled or stretched too tightly eg.The rope finally broke under the strain.绷紧的绳子终于断了。v.1)make a great effort to do sth.eg.I had to strain my ears to catch what they were saying.我得竖起耳朵去听他们在说什么。Several thousand supporters strained to catch a glimpse
43、of the new president.几千名支持者尽力想看一眼新总统。2)put a lot of pressure on sth.eg.Money problems have strained their relationship.钱的问题使他们关系紧张。51第51页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions be scheduled to do:be arranged to do eg.The train was scheduled to arrive at 10:30.火车定于火车定于10点半到达。点半到达。The plane is sched
44、uled to take off at 5 pm.飞机定于下午飞机定于下午5点起飞。点起飞。52第52页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions eye:vt.look at sb.or sth.closely eg.Many people are eyeing the progress of the new project.许多人在关注着这一新项目的进展。许多人在关注着这一新项目的进展。She eyed him with suspicion.她怀疑地看着他。她怀疑地看着他。53第53页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Exp
45、ressions over ones protest:in spite of ones protest eg.A nuclear plant was built in the area over the farmers protests.一座核电厂不顾农民的抗议在这个一座核电厂不顾农民的抗议在这个 地区建了起来。地区建了起来。The nurse gave the boy an injection over his protest.护士不顾男孩的抗议给他打了一针。护士不顾男孩的抗议给他打了一针。54第54页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions min
46、ority:n.1)a group of people who are of a different race or religion to most people in the community or country where they live eg.Schools in Britain need to do more to help children of ethnic minorities.英国学校需要给予少数民族儿童更多的帮助。英国学校需要给予少数民族儿童更多的帮助。They have called for greater numbers of women and minorit
47、ies on the faculty.他们要求教师中有更多女性与少数民族成员。他们要求教师中有更多女性与少数民族成员。2)the smaller number or part of a group;less than half eg.Most women continue to work when they are married.Only a minority stays at home.多数妇女婚后依然工作，只有少数会待在家里。多数妇女婚后依然工作，只有少数会待在家里。These troubled students are only a small minority.这些有问题的学生只是少
48、数。这些有问题的学生只是少数。55第55页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions as Please note that here“as”is used to compare situations(or sometimes actions)by saying that they are similar.For example:In Greece,as in Italy,they use a lot of olive oil in cooking.与在意大利一样，在希腊，人们做饭时用很多橄榄与在意大利一样，在希腊，人们做饭时用很多橄榄油。油。In 19
49、39,as in 1914,there was a great surge of patriotic feeling.与与1914年一样，年一样，1939年也出现了一股狂热的爱国年也出现了一股狂热的爱国潮。潮。56第56页，共98页。words&Expressions words&Expressions energetic:a.of or needing energy eg.Long-distance running is a very energetic form of exercise.长跑是种消耗体力的运动。长跑是种消耗体力的运动。He is an energetic person.他是
50、个精力充沛的人。他是个精力充沛的人。The new government will play an energetic role in solving the problem of unemployment.新政府将在解决失业问题上起很大的作用。新政府将在解决失业问题上起很大的作用。put forth:use,show,or bring sth.such as strength into action eg.Putting forth a great effort,he uprooted the tree.他使了很大的劲把树拔了出来。57第57页，共98页。words&Expressions
