1、版本：新人教版本：新人教单元：选择性必修二单元：选择性必修二 Unit 1(Using Language Assessing Your Progress)单单词词课课堂堂1cast一词多义：基本义“扔；投”2.shadowshad-=shade，表示“阴影；暗影”词块：cast a shadow over/on,in the shadow(s)3.rainbowrain+bow(弓)4.pour一词多义：基本义“倒”5.aerospaceaero-(adj 航空的)+space6.mechanical mechanic+-al同源词：machine7.defendde-(away 离开)+fe
2、nd(to strike 击打)基本义：(躲避击打)防护；防御本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理8.assistantassist(v 帮助)+-ant(人)词族：assist,assistance,assistant9.leadership leader+-ship(名词后缀)10.outstanding out+stand+-ing11.giftedgift(天赋)+-ed近义词：talented12.astronomer来自 astronomy(天文学)astronomy:astro-(star)+nomy（学）13.telescopetele-(far)+scope(观察仪器)同根词：mic
3、roscope14.brilliant词块：a brilliant idea,a brilliant musician/scientist15.furthermorefurther+more16.fault 精准的汉语释义：过失、过错（重在“过”）词块：at fault,find fault(with),its sbs fault名词动词化 17.shift基本义：(使)转移词块：shift from.to,day/night shift18.vivid(色彩)鲜艳的 (想象力)丰富的派生词：vividly 重重难难点点词词精精讲讲shiftshadow一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义in c
4、harge&in charge of搭配义搭配义break out搭配义搭配义cast一词多义一词多义defend辨析义辨析义搭配义搭配义 fault 一词多义一词多义辨析义辨析义pour一词多义一词多义句子副词句子副词谈论影片的时候我们经常会说某部影片“卡司强大”，这里的“卡司卡司”是英语cast的中文音译，意思是演员阵容演员阵容。castcast的名词释义由动词而来，cast 动词的词源义为“扔、投”。cast vt 投；扔；抛；撒；掷：投；扔；抛；撒；掷：The fisherman cast his net into the water.投射（光、影、视线等）：投射（光、影、视线等）：c
5、ast a shadow on the wall He cast a look at the woman.cast词源解读词源解读“扔、投扔、投”具体的某物到某处具体的某物到某处“扔、投扔、投”光线、视线等于某物光线、视线等于某物 为（戏剧、角色）选派演员；投票：为（戏剧、角色）选派演员；投票：Music talents from many different countries were cast.People not only cast on-line votes themselves,but also urge others to vote for competitions.江苏常用搭配
6、常用搭配(be)cast down不用于名词前沮丧的不用于名词前沮丧的n C 投；抛：投；抛：He caught a fish at his second cast.全体演员：全体演员：an all-star cast把演员把演员“扔、投扔、投”到舞台上到舞台上把选票把选票“扔、投扔、投”给某人给某人cast语义网络图语义网络图“扔、投扔、投”具体具体的某物到某处的某物到某处投；扔；抛；投；扔；抛；撒；掷撒；掷投；抛投；抛n扔、投扔、投cast v（基本义）（基本义）“扔、投扔、投”光线光线、视线于某物、视线于某物把演员把演员“扔、投扔、投”到舞台上到舞台上把选票把选票“扔、投扔、投”给某人给
7、某人投射（光、影投射（光、影、视线等）、视线等）为（戏剧、角为（戏剧、角色）选派演员色）选派演员投票投票全体演员全体演员shadow 皮影戏是中国一门传统艺术。观众在观看皮影戏时，看到的是道具轮廓的“影子”，而其对应的英文是shadow play，很符合皮影戏的本质特点。还有一门中国传统文化艺术太极拳，在英文中称作tai chi(音译)或shadow boxing，为何太极拳也跟“影子”有关呢？这还要归到太极拳本质虚实转换，转换间如“影子”一般，这也就可以解释为什么用shadow boxing了。shadow n C 影子；阴影；坏影响影子；阴影；坏影响：shadow playHer fath
8、ers illness cast a shadow over/on the wedding celebrations.shadows under sbs eyesthe shadow of death U也可用复数背光处；阴暗处也可用复数背光处；阴暗处 ：Sometimes she sits alone in the shadow(s).shade vs shadow shade指阳光照不到的地方，如树下或墙边的阴凉处，一般没有具体的轮廓。Lets sit in the shade of the tree for a while.shadow指某物遮住阳光或其他光源后形成的影子，可以引申为“不
9、良的兆头或阴影”，也可指黑暗的地方。My friend jumped out of the shadows and tapped on my shoulders.pour多义词多义词pour都都有哪些词义呢？有哪些词义呢？pour v vt 倒；注；灌倒；注；灌：Please pour me another cup of tea.She poured some milk into a glass.vi（水等）不断流出；（烟等）被吐出（水等）不断流出；（烟等）被吐出：Tears of happiness poured down Susans cheeks.湖北Black smoke poured
10、 from the back of my car.vi 不断涌向不断涌向/涌现涌现(flood)：People poured into the square from all parts of the city.Letters and postcards poured in every day.vi（雨）倾盆而下：（雨）倾盆而下：It never rains but it pours.pour 语义网络图语义网络图“倒倒”液体液体持续持续“倒倒”出（液出（液体、烟、光等）体、烟、光等）倒；注；灌倒；注；灌（水等）不断流出；（水等）不断流出；（烟等）被吐出（烟等）被吐出“倒倒”出大量的人出大量的
11、人或物或物不断涌向不断涌向 /涌现涌现雨水被雨水被“倒倒”出来出来 （雨）倾盆而下（雨）倾盆而下倒倒pour基本义基本义（火灾、战争等）突然爆发（火灾、战争等）突然爆发：Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out?When World War I broke out,he seemed to have become another man,downhearted.湖北break outdefend“我不同意你说的每一句话，但我誓我不同意你说的每一句话，但我誓死死捍卫捍卫你说话的权利。你说话的权利。”这句话来自英国女作家伊夫林这句话来自英
12、国女作家伊夫林比阿比阿特丽斯特丽斯霍尔所作的伏尔泰的朋友霍尔所作的伏尔泰的朋友们们(The Friends of Voltaire)。伏尔泰（Voltaire，16941778），18世纪法国启蒙思想家、文学家、哲学家，是十八世纪法国资产阶级启蒙运动的泰斗，被誉为“法兰西思想之王”“法兰西最优秀的诗人”“欧洲的良心”，主张开明的君主政治，强调自由和平等。defend defend 防御防御：de-向下、离开。-fend 击、打，即击挡开、防御。offend 冒犯、进攻冒犯、进攻：of-向前、朝向。-fend 攻击，引申词义进攻、冒犯。fence 隔开、击剑、篱笆隔开、击剑、篱笆：缩写自defe
13、nce或defense,挡开。引申义击剑，篱笆等。词源义：“protect,guard”；defend:de-(away 离开)+fend(to strike 打击)躲避击打 防护；防御 vt&vi 防护；防御；保卫防护；防御；保卫：All our officers are trained to defend themselves from/against knife attacks.vt 为为辩护；为辩护；为辩解：辩解：Students should be ready to explain and defend their views.The law allows people to def
14、end themselves against a charge.vt&vi（比赛中）防守；防卫：（比赛中）防守；防卫：What are the forwards doing attacking or defending?defend v防护；防御；保卫防护；防御；保卫defend防护防护（基本义）（基本义）武力武力“防护防护”为为辩护；为辩护；为辩解辩解（比赛中）防守；防卫（比赛中）防守；防卫比赛中比赛中“防护防护”言语言语“防护防护”defend 语义网络图语义网络图defend,guard,protect 辨析辨析 三者都含有“保护保护”之意。defend 指“保卫”“防御”，指抵御或击退
15、外来的攻击。When the dog attacked me,I defended myself with a stick.guard 指“守护”“看守”，指保持警惕或注意来防止危险发生。The dog was guarding its owners luggage.protect 语义范围广，指“保护”，以免遭受危险、伤害等。Were doing whatever we can to protect our environment from pollution.在体育运动中，defend 和 guard 均指“防守防守”。in charge(of sth)主管主管/负责负责（某事）：（某事）
16、：Id like to speak to the person in charge.Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales please?全国不要纠缠于谁对谁错，重要的是要找到解决的办法。亨利福特 亨利福特（Henry Ford，18631947），美国汽车工程师与企业家，福特汽车公司的建立者。他也是世界上第一位使用流水线大批量生产（mass produce）汽车的人。他的生产方式使汽车成为一种大众产品，他不但革命了工业生产方式，而且对现代社会和文化起了巨大的影响。faultfault n U（对错误所负的）责任
17、；过失；过错（对错误所负的）责任；过失；过错 the responsibility for sth wrong that has happened or been done：Im really sorry its all my own fault.Its his fault that we were late.C 缺点；缺陷；故障缺点；缺陷；故障 a weak aspect of sbs character or sth that is wrong or not perfect：Everybody has his faults.The sweater had a fault in it and
18、 I had to take it back.at fault 有责任；有错：有责任；有错：Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signalling system.浙江指事物时，意为“缺陷；瑕疵缺陷；瑕疵”指人时，意为“缺点；弱缺点；弱点点”，和shortcoming同义find fault(with)找茬儿；抱怨；挑剔：找茬儿；抱怨；挑剔：The fault-finder will find fault in everywhere and anytime,even in paradise!Life can be grea
19、t when you are not busy finding fault with it.福建你知道网球比赛中，专业术语“发球失误”如何表达吗？其实 fault 还有个意思就是“（网球比赛中）发球失误”，而 double fault 就是“双误”，即网球连续两次发球失误，失一分。vt 找找的缺点；指责；挑剔：的缺点；指责；挑剔：Nobody will fault you for it.辽宁 faultless adj 无错误的；完美无缺的无错误的；完美无缺的(perfect)faulty adj 有错误的；有缺陷的有错误的；有缺陷的名词动词化名词动词化fault,error,mistake
20、辨析辨析 fault 指对指对“过失、过错过失、过错”应负的责任，强调应负的责任，强调“过过”。Its my fault that we missed the bus.mistake 在日常英语中用得最为广泛，指用词或数字上的错误、在日常英语中用得最为广泛，指用词或数字上的错误、口误、笔误，也可指决定错误，强调口误、笔误，也可指决定错误，强调“误误”。Im not blaming you we all make mistakes.I picked up your bag by mistake.error 与与 mistake 意义相近，但较为正式。意义相近，但较为正式。There must b
21、e an error in our calculations.The letter was sent to you in error.shift电脑键盘上的 shift 键，到底是干什么的？Shift 键是键盘中的一个上档转换转换键，可用于中英文转换，左右各有1个 shift 键。shift 键具有输入法切换、快速切换切换半角和全角、选择连续文件、直接删除文件等功能。v vi&vt（使）转移；（使）移动：（使）转移；（使）移动：shift the furniture Joe listened,shifting uncomfortably from one foot to another.The
22、 White House hopes to shift the medias attention away from foreign policy issues.vi&vt（使）改变（使）改变 to change your opinion of or attitude towards sb/sth：He refused to shift his ground(=change his opinion).n C 转移；转换：转移；转换：A shift in the wind is expected tonight.C 班；轮班：班；轮班：be on the day/night shift U（计算
23、机）转换（键）（计算机）转换（键）(shift key)shift基本义：转移基本义：转移shift 语义网络语义网络图图转移转移shift（基本义）“转移转移”物体物体“转移转移”想法或想法或态度等态度等（使）转移；（使）转移；（使）移动（使）移动（使）改变（使）改变转移；转换转移；转换班；轮班班；轮班（计算机）（计算机）转换（键）转换（键）nv1.Jenny was looking for a seat when,_,a man got up and left.（四川）2.Bicycling is good exercise;_,it does not pollute the air.（湖
24、南改）3.He holds an important position in the company;_,I dont quite trust him.4.There had been a terrible accident on the highway and,_,there was a long line of traffic for at least six miles.（辽宁改）5.Some of the laws were contradictory._,measures were taken to clarify them.fortunatelyneverthelessconsequentlyAccordinglyfurthermore概括起来，句子副词修饰整个句子，通常表示说话人的态度或语气，这类副词通常置于句首，与句子的主要部分相对来说关系不十分紧密，因此常用逗号与它分开。英语中经常用句子副词来连接句子，反映说话人的看法或观点，使语义更丰富、顺畅。写作时可以有意识地使用句子副词，使表达更地道、自然。句子副词句子副词选出适当的句子副词填空。选出适当的句子副词填空。accordingly,nevertheless,fortunately,furthermore,consequently
