1、harm n.&vt.The human race has done much harm.(P.1)伤害，损害初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLSpending too much time on her smartphone may harm her eyes.soil n.土壤；国土，领土，土地We have polluted our soils and seas,and cut down too many trees.(P.1)初中/高中CET4/考研/IELTSThe plants emerge from the soil.*ecosystem n.生态系统初中/高中/考研/TOEF
2、L/GMATAs the largest rainforest in the world,it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem.(P.2)词根词缀eco=生态+system 系统 ecosystem 生态系统Plants,fishes,and the sun are part of the ecosystem of this lake.overseas The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries,includ
3、ing Brazil and Peru,and one overseas region of France,all on the South American continent.(P.2)adj.海外的，国外的 adv.在海外，向国外初中/高中/CET4/考研词根词缀over 越过+sea海洋+s overseas 海外We export the goods overseas.region n.The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries,including Brazil and Peru,and one overseas region
4、 of France,all on the South American continent.(P.2)Milk is produced in these regions.地区，区域；行政区初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL词根词缀reg国王+ion表名词属于国王的region领域，地区continent n.大陆，陆地，洲The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries,including Brazil and Peru,and one overseas region of France,all on the South Am
5、erican continent.(P.2)词根词缀con共同+tin握，持+ent名词后缀：物 保持连在一起的陆地 continent大陆，陆地，大洲初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLThere are seven continents in the world.million num.一百万；许多，大量With an area of around 6 million square kilometres,the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.(P.2)初中/高中/CET4/考研The businessman h
6、olds one million dollars in his arms.length n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，（电影）片长The Amazon River,from which the rainforest gets its name,is close to 6,400 kilometres in length roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.(P.2)The ruler is 15 cm in length.词根词缀leng长+th名词后缀 length长度初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLbiodive
7、rsity n.生物多样性I was fascinated by biodiversity of this forest.高中They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth:one in ten know species in the world can be found here.(P.2)species n.（pl.species)种，物种These are three different species of owl.初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMATThey give this ar
8、ea the richest biodiversity on the Earth:one in ten know species in the world can be found here.(P.2)nut n.坚果brazil nut巴西坚果This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat;.(P.3)小学/初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLNuts are a source of vitamin E for the body.*lily n.百合（花）初中/高中/CET6Lily flowers a
9、re often white.water lily睡莲.these water lilies are big enough to lie down on.(P.3)variety n.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体There is a wide variety of fruits on the table.The forests different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFL词根词缀vari变化+ety名词后缀 variety 变化，多样化wildlife n.野生动植物，野生
10、生物初中/高中/考研/TOFELThe forests different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.词根词缀wild野生的+life生命 wildlife野生动植物There are so much wildlife in the jungle.beneath prep.在下面，在下方；配不上At the bottom,there is a system of roots beneath the ground.(P.3)Most of the iceberg is beneath the water.初中/高中/CE
11、T4/考研/TOFEL词根词缀be是+neath下面 beneath在下面massn.大量；团，块，堆；一大群adj.大批的，广泛的Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(P.3)A mass of people are waiting.高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL/GMATtowering adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods,and finally the tops of the tallest trees
12、 many metres above the ground.(P.3)TOEFLOutside my room,there is a beautiful garden,where a few towering maples grow upright.hardwood n.阔叶树；硬材（阔叶树的木材）Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods,and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground.(P.3)living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的n.生计，谋
13、生；生活方式Each level of the forest forms its own little world,home to different kinds of living things.(P.3)词根词缀liv生活+ing名词后缀 living生活，生计初中/高中/考研Most living things cant live without sunlight and water.*mammal n.哺乳动物More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungles p
14、lant life.(P.3)小学/高中/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/SAT词根词缀mamm奶+al表名词 mammal哺乳动物*jaguar n.美洲豹，美洲虎This jaguar is one example.(P.3)survivevi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难While a significant number of jaguars survive here,they are only one element of this forests food chain.(P.3)词根词缀sur超过+vive活survive存活初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOE
15、FLIts hard for plants to survive in the desert.frog n.蛙，青蛙They feed on at least 87 species,including frogs.(P.3)小学/初中/高中/CET4in turn相应地，转而These frogs,in turn,fed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.(P.3)高中insect n.昆虫These frogs,in turn,fed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.(P.3)小学/初中/高中/CET4/C
16、ET6/考研/TOEFL词根词缀in进入+sect切，割昆虫一节一节如被切开一样insect昆虫microorganism n.微生物When a jaguar dies,a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.(P.3)The virus is a kind of microorganism that we can only se through a microscope.break down使分解（为），使变化（成）When a jaguar
17、dies,a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.(P.3)初中/高中/IELTSIn this process,the enzyme is breaking down PET plastics.nutrient n.营养素，营养物When a jaguar dies,a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the ear
18、th.(P.3)Apples contain many healthy nutrients for the body.TOEFL/SAT词根词缀nutri营养+ent表名词营养品breathe life into给带来起色，注入活力The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen.(P.3)carbon n.碳The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the
19、 planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oexgen.(P.3)Coal is mainly made up of carbon.高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLoxygen n.氧，氧气The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen.(P.3)The patient is given a
20、 mask for oxygen.初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL词根词缀oxy含氧的+gen出生，产生 氧气thus adv.因此，从而；这样Thus,it is often known as the“lungs of the planet”.(P.3)初中/高中/CET4/TOEFLShe exercises every day and thus has managed to lose some weight.disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪Over the past 50 years,about 17 per cent of the rainfo
21、rest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.(P.3)初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFL词根词缀dis否定+appear出现 disappear消失The magician made the girl in the box disappear.due toOver the past 50 years,about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as a
22、griculture and cattle farming.(P.3)由于，因为She cannot hear things clearly due to her old age.高中/TOEFLagriculture n.Over the past 50 years,about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.(P.3)农业，农学Farmers rely on agriculture to make a li
23、ving.初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFL词根词缀agri田地+cult耕种+ure表名词 在田地里耕作 agriculture农业cattle n.Over the past 50 years,about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.(P.3)牛初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLimpactAs the impact of human activities continues to grow a
24、nd the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer,we are left with a question:can we afford to damage the“lung of the planet”?(P.3)n.影响，作用；撞击，冲撞vi.&vt.有影响；冲击The thunderstorm greatly impacted on these flights.高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMAT词根词缀im进入+pact紧的 紧紧进入人心 的力量 impact影响力extinction n
25、.As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer,we are left with a question:can we afford to damage the“lung of the planet”?(P.3)灭绝，绝种The extinction of dinosaurs occurred around 66 million years ago.高中/CET6/考研/TOEFL词根词缀extinct灭绝的+io
26、n表名词 extinction灭绝damage vt.&n.As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer,we are left with a question:can we afford to damage the“lung of the planet”?(P.3)损害，伤害，损坏，破坏初中/高中/CET4/考研My car was badly damaged after hitting the tree.cl
27、imate n.For another thing,due to the Amazons hot climate,it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients.(P.5)气候；倾向，风气Climates differ from place to place,and from season to season.初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFLbuild upFor another thing,due to the Amazons hot climate,it is difficult for the soil
28、to build up enough nutrients.(P.5)逐渐增加，扩大Stress can build up over time and cause unhappiness.初中/高中global adj.Global warming,for example,is a major problem caused by greenhouse gases.(P.6)全球的；全面的高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL词根词缀glob地球+al 的 global 全球的With the Internet,we can have a global network of fri
29、ends.greenhouse n.Global warming,for example,is a major problem caused by greenhouse gases.(P.6)温室，暖房Greenhouses are the best place to grow plants quickly.高中/CET4/考研词根词缀green绿色+house 屋子 温室，暖房gas n.Global warming,for example,is a major problem caused by greenhouse gases.(P.6)气体；煤气；汽油初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOE
30、FLThe chemical plant releases poisonous gas into the air.drought n.旱灾，久旱It may lead to extreme weather events:droughts,heatwaves and so on.(P.6)初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFLcome up withAll of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve these problems.(P.6)想出，想到初中/高中/IELTScall forSome call for
31、the application of modern technology,and others a change of lifestyle.(P.6)（公开）要求；需要This dish calls for two eggs.高中/IELTS/GMATapplication n.Some call for the application of modern technology,and others a change of lifestyle.(P.6)应用，运用；申请People are required to fill in the online application form.初中/高
32、中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL/SAT词根词缀apply 放置到=应用+cation 表名词 application 应用，运用brochure n.小册子What about making a brochure about environmental problems?(P.6)初中/高中/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/SAT/GMAT词根词缀broch 刺，缝+ure 表名词 手册organization n.组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理It was organized by GreenHope,an organization devoted to protecting fo
33、rests.(P.7)初中/高中/CET4/考研词根词缀organ 器官，组织+ization 表名词，发展过程 organization 组织The UN is an organization which supports world peace.absolutely adv.It was absolutely worth our effort!(P.7)绝对地，完全地；极其We need to be absolutely quiet so we dont scare the birds away.高中/CET4/考研/TOEFL词根词缀ab 不+solute 松开+ly 地 不松开地 ab
34、solutely 绝对地 belt n.Therell be another clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday.(P.7)地带，地区；腰带；传送带My pants are so loose that I need to wear a belt.小学/初中/高中/CET4/考研medal n.Everyone who takes part in the activity will receive a medal.(P.7)奖章，勋章初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTSHe won a gold medal.image
35、n.When you think of a fearsome hunter,images of lions and sharks may spring to mind.(P.8)形象；图像；意象The star shows a confident image in public.初中/高中词根词缀imag=imagine 想象，相象+e 头脑里想象的 image 像；形象shark n.When you think of a fearsome hunter,images of lions and sharks may spring to mind.(P.8)n.鲨鱼小学/初中/高中/CET6s
36、pring to mindWhen you think of a fearsome hunter,images of lions and sharks may spring to mind.(P.8)突然记起（或想到）whale n.Some people hunt animals for food:whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world.(P.8)鲸鱼小学/初中/高中/CET4deer n.Still others hunt animals just for fun:deer are tracked and shot by people
37、who enjoy the excitement of the sport.(P.8)(pl.deer)鹿The man with food was immediately surrounded by deer.小学/初中/高中/CET4track Still others hunt animals just for fun:deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.(P.8)vt.&vi.跟踪，追踪n.足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑到；路线I run down the track as fa
38、st as I can小学/初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFLhabitat n.When we build farms or factories,we destroy animal habitats and leave manyanimals with nowhere to live,or no food to eat.(P.8)生活环境，栖息地There are two deer in their natural habitat.初中/高中/考研/TOEFL/GMAT词根词缀habit 居住+at 表示地方 住的地方 habitat（动植物）居住地nowhere adv.W
39、hen we build farms or factories,we destroy animal habitats and leave manyanimals with nowhere to live,or no food to eat.(P.8)无处，哪里都不初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTSHe looked everywhere in the room,but the key was nowhere to be found.词根词缀no 无+where 哪里 nowhere 无处dolphin n.Partly due to pollution caused by ship tra
40、ffic and other human activities,the dolphin population has dropped greatly.(P.8)海豚初中/高中/CET6/TOEFLresident n.Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith,a local resident;.(P.11)居民，住户高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL词根词缀resid=reside 居住+ent 人 resident 居民chief.and Julie Archer,chief of the Norgate Environment
41、al Protection Committee.(P.8)n.首领，最高领导人 adj.主要的；首席的初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFLHe is the chief executive officer of the mittee n.and Julie Archer,chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee.(P.8)委员会高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL词根词缀com 集合，团结+mitt(mittere)解放+ee 名词后缀，受动者 committee 委员会The co
42、mmittee members come to the meeting to make decisions.entirely adv.Then heavy industry factories moved in,and things became entirely different.(P.11)完全地，全部地，完整地The audience consists entirely of children.smog n.The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey;.(P.11)雾霾，烟雾初中/高中/CET6/考研/TOEFL/GMAT
43、get rid of.its also given me a cough that I cant get rid of.(P.11)摆脱，丢弃，扔掉高中/TOEFLShe finally got rid of her glasses after an eye operation.protestMr Smith protested against heavy industry.(P.11)vi.反对，抗议vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩n.抗议，反对高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFLRaising fists and flags is a symbol of protesting
44、something.词根词缀pro 在前面+test 证据 向前作证 protest 抗议，坚决声明profitPeople tend to connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits.(P.11)n.利润，收益；好处vi.&vt.获益，得到好处初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMATProfits have increased year on year.词根词缀pro 很多+fit 做 做很
45、多 profit 利润，收益defence n.In defence of the factories,however,Id like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce.(P.11)辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守高中/考研The iron fence built by the shepherd is a great defence against the wolf.various adj.Weve been taking various measures,includin
46、g the use of new technologies,to reduce pollution in the production process,even though these measures raise our production costs.(P.11)各种不同的，各种各样的初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL/GMATWe can see various types of fish under the sea.词根词缀vari 变化+ous 形容词后缀 various 不相同的processWeve been taking various measures,in
47、cluding the use of new technologies,to reduce pollution in the production process,even though these measures raise our production costs.(P.11)n.过程，进程；步骤，流程vt.加工，处理初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFLFollow the process to create a cute paw-shaped ice cream.economic adj.Id also like to draw your attention to the
48、economic benefits factories have brought to Norgate.(P.12)经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的高中/CET4/CET6/考研/IELTS/TOEFL/GMAT词根词缀eco 经济+nom 学术领域+ic 的 经济上的，经济学的policy n.Weve made environmental policies for businesses to observe,like strict clean-up requirements.(P.12)政策，方针；原则初中/高中/CET4/考研/IELTS词根词缀polic 国家，城市+y 名词后缀 用以管理国
49、家的依据 policy 政策branch n.We also work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way.(P.12)（政府或机构）部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支初中/高中/CET4/考研/TOEFLIn winter,the trees lose all their leaves and only have bare branches left.strategy n
50、.We also work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way.(P.12)策略，行动计划；策划，部署初中/高中/CET4/CET6/考研/TOEFL/GMATI like strategy games that require deep thinking,like chess.词根词缀strat 军队+egy 名词后缀 军队需要战略 strategy 战略；策略re
