1、-Excuse me!-Yes?-Is this your handbag?-Pardon?-Is this your handbag?-Yes,it is.-Thank you very much.这段简短的对话中都省这段简短的对话中都省略了哪些词呢？略了哪些词呢？Watch and ObserveWatch and Observe-Excuse me!-Yes?-Is this your handbag?Pardon?-Is this your handbag?-Yes,it is.-Thank you very much.-(You)-(I beg your)pardon.my hand
2、bag.-(I)By the end of this class,we will be able to 1.to understand the rules of Ellipsis2.apply the rules to practicesglobalgreenhousegasdroughtcome up withcall forapplicationadj.全球的；全面的全球的；全面的n.温室，暖房温室，暖房 n.气体；煤气；汽油气体；煤气；汽油n.旱灾，久旱旱灾，久旱想出，想到想出，想到要求；需要要求；需要n.应用，运用；申请应用，运用；申请Read after the tape and s
3、peak out the Chinese immediately.self-studybrochureorganizationabsolutelybeltmedaln.小册子小册子n.组织，团体；组织工作；组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理安排；条理adv.绝对地，完全地；极其绝对地，完全地；极其n.地带，地区；腰带；传送地带，地区；腰带；传送带带n.奖章，勋章奖章，勋章Guidance&exploration1 No,I didnt().2 You can watch it online if you want to().3 I felt worried when()watching the
4、documentary.4 Some call for the application of modern technology,and others()a change of lifestyle.5 ()Got any ideas?6 ()Sounds great!watch itI wascall forHave youIt/That watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterdayWhy do people leave them out?We sometimes use ellipsis to avo
5、id _ (stressing/repeating)one or more words when the meaning is clear.We can use ellipsis:repeating Work out the rulesin short responses;in infinitive phrases;after some conjunctions like if,when and while;in clauses with the same pattern and the same verb;at the beginning of a sentence in _(informa
6、l/formal)speech.informal Ellipsis省略省略定义：定义：为了使语言简洁化、并且为为了使语言简洁化、并且为了避免重复，省略句中的一个或几了避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个成分，这种语法现象称为省略个成分，这种语法现象称为省略（Ellipsis)。Focus on Focus on 基本用法基本用法l简单句中的省略简单句中的省略l并列句中的省略并列句中的省略l复合句中的省略复合句中的省略l其他省略其他省略(You)Come in,please.(I)See you tomorrow.(I)Thank you for your help.(I)Beg your pardo
7、n.1.省略主语省略主语:祈使句中的主语通常被省祈使句中的主语通常被省略略;其他省略主语的情况多限于少数习其他省略主语的情况多限于少数习惯用法。惯用法。(It)Sounds a good idea.(Will you)Have a smoke?(Would you like)Something to drink?(You come)This way,please.2.省略主语或谓语的一部分省略主语或谓语的一部分3.省略宾语省略宾语-Do you know Miss Hu?-I dont know(her).Tom enjoys dancing,but Peter hates(dancing).
8、可以省略宾语的全部可以省略宾语的全部Dont touch anything unless the teacher tells you to(touch).-Are you a teacher?-No,but I want to be(a teacher).-He hasnt finished the task.-Well,he ought to have(finished it).可以省略作宾语的动词不定式可以省略作宾语的动词不定式,只保留只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词但如果该宾语是动词be或助动词或助动词have,则则须在须在to后加上后加上be或或have。-Are you thirsty
9、?-Yes,I am(thirsty).His brother isnt lazy.Nor is his sister(lazy).4.省略表语省略表语-Are you feeling better now?-(Im feeling)Better(now).-When did you read the novel?-(I read it)Long ago.Lets meet at the school gate as the same as(we met)yesterday.5.同时省略几个句子成分同时省略几个句子成分两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中
10、相同的部分。一分句中相同的部分。Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day,but he didnt(come to school to see me the next day).Lins father was not at home,but his mother was(at home).She was poor but(she was)honest.1.主句中的省略主句中的省略1)主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语。主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语。(Its a)Pity you couldnt come.2)在
11、对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。-Shall I go to play?-If you like(you can go to play).2.定语从句中的省略定语从句中的省略关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。The book(which/that)I borrowed yesterday was hers.The man(whom)you saw on the street once saved my life.3.宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中的省略1)由由which,when,where,how和和why引导的引导的宾
12、语从句，可全部或部分省去，只保留引宾语从句，可全部或部分省去，只保留引导词。导词。Please pass me one of these books and I dont care which(you pass me).2)在在Im afraid,I think,I believe,I hope,I guess等开头的作答句中，后面跟等开头的作答句中，后面跟so与与 not分分别用于肯定或否定宾语时，宾语从句可省去。别用于肯定或否定宾语时，宾语从句可省去。-Do you think it will rain?-I hope(that it will)not(rain).4.状语从句中的省略状语
13、从句中的省略1)状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以作句尾省略。状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以作句尾省略。You dont have to swim if you dont want to(swim).You can ask me questions if(there are)any(questions).2)有时条件从句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。有时条件从句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。I would have come yesterday(if I had wanted to).3)宾语从句中常省略宾语从句中常省略that,但多个宾语从句并列时但多个宾语从句并列时,通常只省略第一个通常只省略第一
14、个that。The boy believes(that)he will travel through space to other planets.He said(that)the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.3)以以as,than引导的比较状语从句可以全部引导的比较状语从句可以全部或部分省去。或部分省去。After half an hour,she became quieter(than she had been).4)状语从句位于句首时，从句的主语如与主句状语从句位于句首时，从句的主语如与主句的主
15、语指同一人或同一事，且从句里动词是的主语指同一人或同一事，且从句里动词是be的某种形式时，这时可省略从句的主语和的某种形式时，这时可省略从句的主语和be动动词。词。When(you are)crossing the road,youd better look at both sides.Unless(I am)invited I will not go.While(he was)on a walking tour with his wife,he stopped to talk to a workman.1.不定式符号不定式符号to的省略的省略(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的并列的不定式可省去后
16、面的to。I will help(to)do it for you.I will help you(to)do it.(2)help当当“帮助帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号不定式符号to可带可不带。可带可不带。I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.The boy did nothing but play.(3)介词介词but前若有实义动词前若有实义动词do,后面不定式不带后面不定式不带to。I saw the boy fall from the tree.The boy was seen to fall fr
17、om the tree.The boss made us work 12 hours a day.We were made to work 12 hours a day.(4)某些使役动词某些使役动词(let,make,have)及感官动词及感官动词(see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,look at,listen to等等)后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去省去to,但在被动语态中须将但在被动语态中须将to复原。复原。(5)主语从句中有实义动词主语从句中有实义动词do,后面作表语的后面作表语的不定式的不定式的to可带可不带。可带
18、可不带。What we can do now is(to)wait.2.条件从句中有条件从句中有should,were或或had时时,可以省略可以省略if,但要将但要将should,were或或had提至句首。提至句首。If I were you,I would give it up.Were I you,I would give it up.No parking.(Parking is not allowed here.)Quiet!(You should be quiet here.)Turandot on stage.(The opera Turandot is being perfor
19、med on stage.)3.一些特殊结构中的省略。一些特殊结构中的省略。(1)signs/labels(2)newspaper headlines Best wishes.(I give you my best wishes.)Opera OK,costumes great.(The opera was OK,and the costumes were great.)(3)postcards/diaries(4)notes1.省略的概念：为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个省略的概念：为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分。或几个句子成分。2.省略的情况省略的情况(1)
20、简单句简单句中的省略：中的省略：省略主语省略主语 省略主语或谓语的一部分省略主语或谓语的一部分 省略宾语省略宾语 省略表语省略表语 同时省略几个句子成分同时省略几个句子成分(2)并列句并列句中的省略：中的省略：两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分一分句中相同的部分(3)复合句复合句中的省略：中的省略：主句中的省略主句中的省略 定语从句中的省略定语从句中的省略 宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中的省略 状语从句中的省略状语从句中的省略(4)其他其他省略：省略：不定式符号不定式符号to的省略的省略 条件从句中有条件从句中有should,were或或had时
21、时,可以省略可以省略if,但要将但要将should,were或或had提至句提至句首首 一些特殊结构中的省略一些特殊结构中的省略summary找出下面句子的省略部分。找出下面句子的省略部分。Some time after 10,000 BC,people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived in,through agriculture.(2020浙江浙江)直击高考直击高考that/which解析解析:“they lived in”是之前名词是之前名词the world 的的定语从句定语从句，先行词在从句中，先行
22、词在从句中作宾语作宾语，故，故关系代词可被省略。关系代词可被省略。ConsolidationP7 B1Find the mistakes and rewrite the sentences using ellipsis.1.I cannot watch the documentary this weekend,though I would like.2.Cows live on land,and fish the water.3.The Amazon rainforest is smaller now than was 50 years ago.4.He had planned to borr
23、ow a book on environmental protection,but he didnt do.5.When taking photos of wildlife,every effort should be made to ensure that we keep away from the animals.P7 B1Check your answers.1.I cannot watch the documentary this weekend,though I would like.2.Cows live on land,and fish the water.3.The Amazo
24、n rainforest is smaller now than was 50 years ago.4.He had planned to borrow a book on environmental protection,but he didnt do.5.When taking photos of wildlife,every effort should be made to ensure that we keep away from the animals.would like to.in the waterwe should makeJack is sharing with his c
25、lassmates his experience of taking part in a forest clean-up activity.Use ellipsis where necessary.Put brackets around the word(s)that can be left out.P7 B2P7 B3In pairs,describe the pictures below using ellipsis to call for the protection of the environment.Pair workWhen the water is too dirty to d
26、rink and the air too polluted to breathe,will you be able to look at your children and say,“What a beautiful world!”?You can also draw a picture and think of a slogan.Possible answer:Drive less,and we will have a greener world.Possible answer:When building cities,think of Mother Nature.HomeworkHomework1.Finish the exercises of Grammar part in Learning English.2.Preview Extended reading on pages 11-12.
