1、Unit Seven Car Body and Electrical System Passage BElectrical System Automotive electrical system is one of the most important parts in a car It has direct effect on cars performance,fuel economy,reliability,safety and comfort A good many car components are dependent on electricity,so electrical sys
2、tem is regarded as life-blood of a car Automotive electrical system is mainly divided into power supply system and power consumer system The power supply system The power supply system contains battery and alternator The battery is a component that is responsible for storing the electricity that wil
3、l be used to start the engine and operate all of electrical accessories within the car So it is considered as the heart of automotive electrical system The alternator keeps the battery charged and the electrical system going while the car is in operation The power consumer system The power consumer
4、system means that some automotive systems and equipment have to use electricity to operate,including starting system,ignition system,lighting system,electronic control system and instrument cluster control system,etc The starting system contains a start motor which uses the electricity to start the
5、engine The ignition system is a part of gasoline engine In the ignition system,electric current from the battery is used to make the coil create high voltage which causes the spark plug to produce spark,igniting the fuel-air mixture in the cylinders The lighting system mainly contains illuminating l
6、amps and signal lamps For example:The head lamps ensure the safety in night driving The daytime running lamps(DRL)are designed to be more easily recognized for safety in daytime driving They are located in the front of a car and automatically turn on when the engine is started The turn lamps are use
7、d to indicate the car will be going to turn a corner The braking lamps as tail lamps are used to alarm the car behind that this car is slowing down or will stop The electronic control system mainly contains electronic ignition control,electronic fuel injection control,ABS controls,etc.,which respect
8、ively improve cars performance,fuel economy,safety,emission purification and maneuverability The instrument cluster control system contains all gauges and warning lamps on the dashboard The gauges include as follows:1.Tachometer measures the speed of rotation of the engine,in revolutions per minute(
9、RPM)(see Fig.7-10a).2.Speedometer measures the instantaneous speed of a car(see Fig.7-10b).3.Fuel gauge works when ignition is switched on When the needle reaches the red zone and the warning lamp lights up,indicating about 7 liters left in the fuel tank(see Fig.7-10c).4.Temperature gauge starts to
10、work when ignition is switched on,but it takes some time before the needle reaches its final position(see Fig.7-10d).The warning lamps show with various symbols as shown in Fig.7-11 below When ignition is switched on,all warning lamps on the instrument cluster light up for a couple of seconds and th
11、en go out,which indicates that you can continue to drive safely If one of the lamps stays on,it means something wrong with your car You have to check up or seek for help The most common warning lamps on instrument cluster are as follows:1.Airbag system:means a fault in the system and needs immediate
12、ly checked by a car dealer 2.Safety belt:While the car is going,the warning lamp flickers with sound signal which means the driver or the passenger in the front fails to wear safety belt When the belt is fastened,the lamp goes out 3.Coolant temperature:means the coolant temperature is too high or th
13、e coolant level is too low Check the cooling fan belt or add coolant if necessary 4.Engine oil pressure:means the oil level is too low Check the engine oil level and add if necessary 5.EPC(Electronic Power Control):means the throttle is dirty,clean it as soon as possible;or the brake lamp is not lig
14、hted,need it checked by a car dealer as soon as possible 6.ABS:means something wrong with ABS Need ABS repaired immediately 7.Fuel reserve:means about 7 litters left in the tank You must add fuel as soon as possible 8.Battery:means voltage level is below normal level or the charging system doesnt wo
15、rk properly Check for the battery terminals and the alternator belt 9.Door unlocked:means one door or trunk is not closed completely 10.TPMS(Tire pressure monitoring system):means a tire with low air pressure Check the tire pressure and pump air if necessaryNew Words and Expressions alternator ltnei
16、t n 交流发电机 accessory ksesri n 配件;附件 current krnt n 电流 illuminate iljumineit vt 照明 signal signl n 信号 recognize reknaiz vt 认出,识别 indicate indikeit vt 指示 alarm lm n 警报 purification pjurifikein n 净化 maneuverability mnuvrbilti n 机动性;操纵性New Words and Expressions instantaneous instnteinis adj 瞬间的;即时的 liter
17、lit n 公升 symbol simbl n 象征;符号 fault f:lt n 故障,毛病 dealer di:l n 经销商 properly prpli adv 正确地,恰当地 unlocked nlkt adj 没有锁的,未上锁Common Automobile Terms alternator ltneit n 交流发电机 dashboard dbd n 仪表板 tachometer tkmit n 转速表 speedometer spidmit n 车速里程表 airbag rb n 安全气囊 power supply system供电系统 power consumer system耗电系统 lighting system照明系统 daytime running lamps(DRL)日间行车灯 instrument cluster仪表板 enginemanagement system发动机管理系统Common Automobile Termsstart motor起动机battery terminal蓄电池夹,蓄电池接线柱braking lamp制动灯tire pressure monitoring system(TPMS)汽车胎压监控系统
