1、定语从句鉴于初中&高中都要涉及到这部分知识，所以答疑君帮大家从最基础的语法补习起来 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，所以叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。关系代词：that，which，who（whom），whose，在句子中充当主语，宾语（无what）先行词是人的时候：that，who，whom。一般来说，who既可以充当主语，也可以充当宾语，但是whom只能充当宾语。一般多用whom充当宾语。例句：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou
2、?（作主语）Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.（作宾语）Whose：用来指人或物。例句：Ihelpedthemanwhosecarbrokedown.Iwantthebookwhosecoverisred.先行词是物的时候：which，that。一般情况下，两者可互换。例句：Isawaaccidentwhich/thathappenedonthestreet.(作主语）Ilikethebagwhich/thatyougavemeyesterday.（作宾语）关系副词：why，where，when，在句子中充当原因，地点，时间。一般来说可以跟介词+which互换，
3、介词视情况而定。Zhejiangistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.May1stisthedaywhen（onwhich）Iwasborn.Thisisthereasonwhy（forwhich）Iwaslateforschool.判断方式：关系代词or关系副词。观察从句中缺什么，如果缺主语或宾语，那么首先就得知使用关系代词，指人用who/that，指物用which/that。如果从句中主谓宾齐全，那么就要使用关系副词，至于用哪一个，根据句子的语意而定。判断正误：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.Illnev
4、erforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.特殊情况：1.先行词为everything，nothing，something，all，little，much,few,no等不定代词时ThisiseverythingthatIcantellyou.2.先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast修饰时ThisistheonlystorythatIknow.3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时ThisisthebeststorythatIhaveeverheard.4.先行词有人又有物时Theytalkedaboutpersonsa
5、nddogsthattheyliked.5.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?6.therebe句型中，一般使用that7.当先行词为those，anyone，someone时，一般用who而不用thatWewillhelpthosewhoarepoor.8.当介词前置的时候，用which而不用thatIwillneverforgetthedayonwhichIwasborn.省略情况：一般来说，关系副词是不可以省略的，而关系代词如who，which，that在作主语时不可以省略，在作宾语时可以省略。所以，分析句子的结构
6、是很重要的。限制性定语从句：对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，不能被省略。例句：Wereachedtherethedaywhenheleft.非限制性定语从句：可以被省略，缺少并不会影响全句的理解，句子中往往有逗号。这也是两者之间最大的区别。例句：Thehouse，whichIboughtlastyear，isverybeautiful.定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。Ilikethebookwhich/thatisveryinteresting.Ilikebookswhich/thatareveryinteresting.特殊先行词thewayTheway做先行词的时候，关系代
7、词使用that，inwhich或什么都不加。Thesame.as所指的东西是同一个；Thesame.that所指的东西是同一类例句：ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.这支钢笔就是我丢的那一支。ThisisthesamepenasIlost.这支钢笔跟我丢的那支笔一模一样。1.Donttalkaboutsuchthingsof_youarenotsure.A.whichB.whatC.asD.those2.Isthisthefactory_youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone3.Isthisfactory_so
8、meforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone4.Isthisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces_couldntbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat6.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature_waterchangesintoice.A.atwhichB.onthatC.inwhichD.ofwhat7
9、.Thisbookwillshowyou_canbeusedinothercontexts.A.howyouhaveobservedB.whatyouhaveobservedC.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved8.Thereasonis_heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether9.Illtellyou_hetoldmelastweek.A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which10.Thattree,_branchesarealmostbar
10、e,isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich11.Ihaveboughtthesamedress_sheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what12.Hefailedintheexamination,_madehisfatherveryangry.A.whichB.itC.thatD.what13.Weretalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that14.Thegirl_anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTomssister.A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassinging15.Those_notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn答案见下图，大家可以测一测自己的准确率
