1、B3 U4 Space ExplorationVocabulary 1.Chinas astronauts spaceman/spacewoman n.宇航员宇航员 space suits 航空服航空服1)Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy.Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers.2.process n./v.过程；加工过程；加工 procedure n.程序程序;步骤步骤;手续手续 1)宇航员的选拔程序the selection procedure o
2、f astronauts2)司法程序the legal procedure3)医疗程序the medical procedure 3.mental adj.精神的精神的;思想的思想的 mentally adv.精神上，思想上精神上，思想上 physical adj.身体的身体的;物理的物理的 physically adv.身体上身体上 1)体能/心理训练the physical/mental training2)智力发展the mental development3)精神病the mental illness4)我身心健康。I am physically and mentally health
3、y.4.meter/metre n.米米;公尺公尺 cm=centimeter/centimetre n.厘米厘米 mm=millimeter/millimetre n.毫米毫米 km=kilometer/kilometre n.千米千米;公里公里 5.intelligent adj.有智慧的有智慧的;聪明的聪明的;有智力的有智力的 intelligently adv.聪明地聪明地 intelligence n.智力智力/智慧智慧;情报情报 1)She has a high Intelligence Quotient of more than 150.OMG!She a genius!2)智力
4、测试an intelligence test3)智能软件intelligent software4)一个特别聪明的孩子a super intelligent child 6.rocket n.火箭火箭 7.gravity n.重力，引力；严重性重力，引力；严重性 grave adj.庄重的，严肃的；重大的庄重的，严肃的；重大的 n.坟墓坟墓1)Newtons Law of Gravity2)zero gravity 8.frontier n.边境边境;国界国界;边远地区边远地区 (指两国接壤的前沿地区指两国接壤的前沿地区,多有军队驻防多有军队驻防)front n.前面前面;前部前部;前线前线
5、adj.前面的前面的;前部的前部的;在前的在前的 9.vehicle n.交通工具交通工具;运载工具运载工具jeep:吉普车 truck:卡车 aircraft:飞机helicopter:直升机spaceship/spacecraft:宇宙飞船motorbike/motorcycle:摩托车车1)电动汽车 electric vehicles 2)商用车辆;商务车commercial vehicles 3)应急车辆;紧急服务车辆;救急车辆;emergency vehicles 10.universe n.宇宙宇宙;天地万物天地万物1)在宇宙中in the universe 11.determin
6、e v.决定；决心决定；决心determine to do sth.决定做某事(强调动作强调动作）determine on/upon(doing)sth.determine that determined adj.有决心的有决心的;意志坚定的意志坚定的 determination n.决心决心;决定决定1)She determined _ (work)twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.2)I have determined _ working as a volunteer teacher in the countrysid
7、e after graduation.to workon/upon 11.determine v.决定；决心决定；决心determine to do sth.决定做某事(强调动作强调动作）determine on/upon(doing)sth.determine that determined adj.有决心的有决心的;意志坚定的意志坚定的be determined to do sth.决心做某事(强调状态强调状态）determination n.决心决心;决定决定3)He was _(determine)to be the first man to defeat the great mast
8、er.4)_(determine)to look after his parents well,he moved to live with them.determined Determined 11.determine v.决定；决心决定；决心determine to do sth.决定做某事(强调动作强调动作）determine on/upon(doing)sth.determine that determined adj.有决心的有决心的;意志坚定的意志坚定的be determined to do sth.决心做某事(强调状态强调状态）determination n.决心决心;决定决定wi
9、th determination 坚决地5)We intend to carry outthis policy with _(determine)6)我决心要努力学习，做一个对国家有用的人，为改善人民的生活做出贡献。I am determined to study hard to be a useful person to the country and to contribute to the improvemnet of peoples lives.determination.13.satellite n.人造卫星人造卫星;卫星卫星 1)气象卫星;a weather satellite 2
10、)通讯卫星;a communication satellite 14.lunch n.午饭午饭 launch v./n发射发射;发起发起;上市上市 1)After the spacecrafts were launched successfully many times，the company launched an advertisement campaign：the new model will be launched in two months.2)New Product Launch3)发射塔a launching tower4)发射卫星/火箭launch a satellite/ro
11、cket5)启动项目launch a project 15.orbit n.势力范围势力范围(环绕地球环绕地球/太阳等运行的太阳等运行的)轨道轨道 v.沿轨道运行沿轨道运行;环绕环绕运行运行 16.giant adj.巨大的巨大的;伟大的伟大的 n.巨人巨人;巨兽巨兽;伟人伟人1)a sleeping giant 沉睡的巨人(潜力还未充分发挥的大公司或组织)；沉睡的雄狮2)商业巨头commercial/business giants 17.leap n.跳跃跳跃;剧增剧增;剧变剧变 v.跳过跳过;跃过跃过 (leapt-leapt/leaped-leaped)1)Look before you
12、 leap.2)Great Leap Forward 3)Thats one small step of a man,one giant leap for mankind.18.mankind n.人类人类 (不可数的集合名词不可数的集合名词，前不用冠词前不用冠词)a man a human a human being1)造福全人类benefit all mankind 19.agency n.(政府的政府的)专门机构专门机构;服务机构服务机构;代理处代理处 agent n.代理人代理人;经纪人经纪人 1)intelligence agency 2)航天局a space agency3)旅行社
13、a travel agency4)代理费;中介费;agency fees5)总代理商;总代理;a general agent 20.transmit v.传输传输;发送发送 transmission n.传输传输1)传输信息transmit information 21.data n.(复数复数)资料资料;数据数据 (单数单数:datum)1)传输数据transmit data2)数据收集data collection3)大数据时代an era/age of big data 22.disappoint v.使失望使失望/破灭破灭/落空落空 disappointed adj.失望的失望的;沮丧
14、的沮丧的be disappointed at/by sth.对某事感到失望be disappointed with/in sb.对某人感到失望 disappointing adj.使人失望的使人失望的/沮丧的沮丧的 disappointment n.失望失望;沮丧沮丧1)用disappoint填空The _ result made everyone here_.2)I told them that they would be disappointed _ the news.3)My parents will be disappointed _ me if I fail to get into
15、disappointing disappointedat/by with/in 22.disappoint v.使失望使失望/破灭破灭/落空落空 disappointed adj.失望的失望的;沮丧的沮丧的be disappointed at/by sth.对某事感到失望be disappointed with/in sb.对某人感到失望be disappointed to do sth.做某事感到失望 disappointing adj.使人失望的使人失望的/沮丧的沮丧的 disappointment n.失望失望;沮丧沮丧to ones disappointment 使某人感到失望的是4)
16、I was disappointed _(find)that they had left already.5)令我失望的是，他们拒绝了我的要求。To my disappointment,they rejected my request.to find 23.desire n.渴望渴望;欲望欲望 v.渴望渴望;期望期望desire to do=have a desire to do 渴望做某事desire sb to do=desire that sb(should)do.渴望/希望某人做desire sth=have a desire for sth 渴望某物1)新冠病毒使得我们度过了一个超长
17、的假期,但是我们非常渴望上学。The COVID-19 has given us such a long holiday,A.but we strongly desire to go to school.B.but we have a strong desire to go to school.2)我们所有人都渴望医生和护士平安回来。A.We all desire the doctors and nurses to come back safely.B.We all desire that the doctors and nurses(should)come back safely.3)He
18、had a strong desire_success.for 24.carry on doing sth.继续做继续做;坚持干坚持干;=carry on(with)sth 1)我会继续坚持锻炼,健身运动已经成为我生活中必不可少的部分了。I will carry on training,fit has already become a key part of my life.25.ongoing adj.持续存在的持续存在的;仍在进行的仍在进行的;不断发展的不断发展的 outgoing adj.外向的外向的;善于交际的善于交际的1)持续的辩论an ongoing detate 26.on bo
19、ard 在在(宇宙飞船上宇宙飞船上;在船上在船上;在飞机在飞机)上上 =aboard prep&adv.go on board 登上登上(船船/飞机飞机/火车火车)=go aboard 1)机上269人全部遇难。All 269 people on board the plane were claimed.=All 269 people aboard the plane were claimed.2)上飞机吧。Lets go on board.=Lets go aboard.27.independently adv.独立地独立地;自立地自立地 independent adj.独立的独立的;自主的
20、自主的;自治的自治的 depend v.依靠依靠;依赖依赖 dependent adj.依靠的依靠的;依赖的依赖的 dependently adv.依靠地依靠地 29.spacecraft n.航天器航天器;宇宙飞船宇宙飞船(单单/复数同形复数同形)=spaceship n.宇宙飞船宇宙飞船 aircraft n.飞机飞机(单单/复数同形复数同形)30.spacewalk n.太空行走太空行走;太空行走的时间太空行走的时间 moonwalk n./v.月球漫步月球漫步/太空步太空步astronautrocketsatelliteorbitlaunching toweruniversespace
21、craftspacewalktransmit dataspace suit 31.jade n.玉玉;翡翠翡翠;玉器玉器1)the Jade Emperor 2)Jade Dynasty3)TVB Jade4)玉雕jade carving 5)Jade Rabbit 32.dock v.(两架航天器两架航天器)对接对接;(使使)进港进港 n.码头码头;船坞船坞1)天宫二号空间实验室和天舟一号对接。Tiangong 2 space lab docked with Tianzhou 1 33.sign v.签署签署;签字签字 n.标志标志;迹象迹象;招牌招牌;指示牌指示牌 sigh v.叹息叹息;
22、叹气叹气 n.叹息叹息;叹气叹气 signal n.信号信号;标志标志 v.标志着标志着;标明标明;发信号发信号signal(to)sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事signal that.示意(某人.1)交通信号灯traffic signals 2)警报信号灯an alarm signal3)The traffic signals signaled passengers _(cross)the road or stop to wait.4)In order not to be heard,she pointed her finger upwards to signal that som
23、eone was moving about upstairs.to cross 34.in the hope of doing sth 抱着抱着的希望的希望 in the hope that+从句从句 1)Over 1,000 rescuers joined the campaign _ finding survivors or recovering bodies.2)He told a court he had become a nurse _ she might recover somewhat under his care.3)他很努力学习，希望能被某个工学院录取。He was stud
24、ying hard in the hope of being admitted to an engineering college.in the hope ofin the hope that 35.so as to do 为了做什么为了做什么=in order to do 为了做什么为了做什么 1)为了不感染(infect)别人，每个人在外出的时候都要带上口罩。In order not to infect others,everyone must wear masks when going out.=Everyone must wear masks when going out so as
25、not to/in order not to infect others.=Everyone must wear masks when going out so that/in order that they dont infect others.(不可放句首不可放句首）(可放句首可放句首或或句末句末)=so that +从句从句=in order that +从句从句 36.recycle v.回收利用回收利用;再利用再利用 recyclable adj.可回收利用可回收利用 recycling n.回收利用回收利用1)可回收材料recyclable materials 2)可回收垃圾rec
26、yclable waste a recycle bin 37.muscle n.肌肉肌肉;实力实力;影响力影响力 fat n.肥肉肥肉;脂肪脂肪 38.lack n.缺乏缺乏;短缺短缺lack of=a lack of 缺少 for lack of=for a lack of 因为缺乏 v.没有没有;缺乏缺乏lack sth 缺乏某物 lacking adj.缺乏的，不足的缺乏的，不足的be lacking in 缺乏 1)Despite his_(lack)of experience,he got the job.2)He was quite nervous before the exam
27、for lack _ confidence.3)Though_(lack)money,his parents managed to send him to a university.4)Even though he_(lack)experience,he got the job.5)Many cities in China are _(lack)in recycling system apart from Shanghai.oflacklacking lacked lacking 38.lack n.缺乏缺乏;短缺短缺lack of=a lack of 缺少 for lack of=for a
28、 lack of 因为缺乏 v.没有没有;缺乏缺乏lack sth 缺乏某物 lacking adj.缺乏的，不足的缺乏的，不足的be lacking in 缺乏 6)人们对政府管理经济的能力缺乏信心。People lacks confidence in the governments ability to manage the economy=There is a lack of confidence in the governments ability to manage the economy among people.39.float v.浮动浮动;漂流漂流;漂浮漂浮;1)Astron
29、auts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off.40.otherwise conj./adv.否则否则;要不然要不然 =or conj.否则否则1)马上给绿植浇水，否则它很快就要枯萎(wither)而死了。Water the plant immediatelly,otherwise/or it will wither and die soon.41.beyond prep.在更远处在更远处;超出超出1)无与伦比beyond compa
30、re2)在某人能力范围之外beyond ones power3)难以置信beyond belief4)难以辨别beyond recognition5)无法言喻beyond description6)超过限度beyond limits 42.solar adj.太阳的太阳的;太阳能的太阳能的 1)the solar system 太阳系2)太阳能the solar power/energy3)阳历the solar calendar4)太阳能是一种新型能源。Solar energy is a new kind of source of energy.44.current adj.当前的当前的;现
31、在的现在的 n.水流水流;电流电流;思潮思潮 currently adv.目前目前 currency n.货币；通货货币；通货1)current events2)ocean currents3)electrical currents4)a current of thought 45.figure out 弄懂弄懂;弄清楚弄清楚;弄明白弄明白;计算计算1)They have figured out how much they will spend on the construction of the hospital.2)我不理解他为什么要这么做。I cant figure out why he
32、 did so.46.sufficient adj.足够的足够的;充足的充足的1)self-sufficient 2)necessary and sufficient condition3)more than sufficient 绰绰有馀 7.soap n.肥皂肥皂U 1)肥皂剧a soap opera2)一块肥皂a bar/piece of soap3)香皂toilet/fancy soap 48.towel n.毛巾毛巾;抹布抹布1)浴巾a bath towel2)洗脸巾 face towels 49.microwave n.微波炉微波炉 =microwave oven 50.a box
33、 of tissues 1)肌肉/神经组织muscle/nerve tissues 51.facility n.设施设施;设备设备 C 1)各种各样的医疗设施a wide range of medical facilities 52.keen adj.热衷的热衷的;渴望的渴望的be keen to do.热衷/渴望/急于做什么be eager to dobe anxious to dodesire to dobe hungry/thirsty for 1)They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.53.globe n.地球地球;世界世
34、界;地球仪地球仪 global adj.全球的全球的;全世界的全世界的 globally adv.全球地全球地1)全球变暖the global warming2)环球时报 54.argue v.论证论证;争辩争辩;争论争论;证明证明;说明说明argue for/against 为支持.而争辩；据理赞成/反对 argue with sb.(about/over sth.)与某人争论某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 argument n.争论争论;争吵争吵;辩论辩论;理由理由;证据证据 1)The employees,who argued f
35、or their own rights,argued with the boss for a few days,but failed to argue him into giving them a wage rise because the boss argued against it and insisted that their pay had already been OK.2)解决争端settle an argument 56.fatal adj.致命的致命的;灾难性的灾难性的 fate n.命运命运;天数天数;天意天意1)绝症a fatal disease/illness 57.sh
36、allow adj.肤浅的肤浅的;浅的浅的 deep adj.深的深的 profound adj.深奥的深奥的1)浅水区shallow water2)肤浅的论点 a shallow argument 58.result in.导致导致;造成造成 result from 由由导致导致 as a result 结果结果 as a result of 由于由于1)Eating wildlife _COVID-19=COVID-19_ eating wildlife2)The epidemic(疫情)is serious._,we had to stay at home.=_ the serious
37、epidemic,we had to stay at home.results inresults fromAs a resultAs a result of 59.“拍它拍它”pattern n.模式模式;图案图案;模范模范 1)设计模式/样式 a design pattern2)典型的经济模式/结构a typical economic pattern 60.analysis n.(对事物的对事物的)分析分析;分析结果分析结果复数复数analyses analyse/analyze v.分析分析 1)进行图像/数据分析 do/carry out/conduct image/data anal
38、yses2)分析问题analyze problems 62.high-end adj.高端的高端的 low-end adj.低端的低端的1)高端产品high-end products 63.monitor v.监视监视;监测监测;监控监控 n.监视器监视器;监测仪监测仪;班长班长1)监测血压monitor blood pressure 2)监听对话monitor a conversation 64.regularly adv.经常经常;定期地定期地 regular adj.定期的定期的;经常的经常的;正常的正常的 irregular adj.不规则的不规则的 1)固定收入 regular in
39、come2)例行会议regular meetings 66.a memory foam pillow 记忆泡沫枕头记忆泡沫枕头 68.smartphone n.智能手机智能手机 cellphone n.手机手机 mobile phone 手机手机;移动电话移动电话 69.resource n.资源资源;财力财力;物力物力 source n.来源来源;根源根源;出处出处;起源起源1)充足的自然资源sufficient natural resources 70.limited adj.有限的有限的 limit v.限制限制;限定限定 n.限度限度;限额限额;界限界限 limitless adj.无
40、限的无限的limit A to B 把A 限制在B A be limited to B A受限于Bwithin/beyond the limits of 在.的范围内/外1)a limited company 有限责任公司2)I believe teaching should not _(limit)to the classroom.3)Im afraid your request is _ the limits of his power.He cant do it.Baidube limitedbeyond 70.limited adj.有限的有限的 limit v.限制限制;限定限定n.限
41、度限度;限额限额;界限界限 limitless adj.无限的无限的limit A to B 把A 限制在B be limited to B A受限于Bwithin/beyond the limits of 在.的范围内/外there is a/no limit to.有/没有限度4)It is poverty that limits my imagination.My imagination is limited by poverty.5)用limit的正确形式的相关词组填空Lei Feng once said there is a limit_ ones life,but no _ to
42、serving the people.I would devote my _ life to _ serving the people.tolimitslimitlessly limited 71.provide for sb 提供生活所需提供生活所需;供养供养;抚养抚养provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 向提供supply sb with sth.=supply sth.to sb offer sb sth=offer sth to sb1)逐渐减少的劳动人口须要供养越来越多的退休人员.A decreasing workforce has to pr
43、ovide for an increasing number of retired people.2)The government has provided food and shelters_those who are suffering from the earthquake3)As equipment improved,satellites began providing scientists _ weather maps of the entire globe4)The factory supplies gas_ consumers.5)The young man offered hi
44、s own seat_ the old man.for withtoto 72.closing adj.结尾的结尾的;结束的结束的n.停业停业;关闭关闭;倒闭倒闭 1)最后;在结束时in closing2)闭幕式/开幕式a closing/an opening ceremony 74.mystery n.神秘事物神秘事物;谜谜 mysterious adj.神秘的神秘的1)悬疑小说a mystery novel 2)仍是个谜remain a mystery3)破解谜案solve a mystery 75.run out 用完，耗尽用完，耗尽 =give out run out of 用完，耗尽
45、用完，耗尽 =use up 1)The resources on Earth will run out/give out.We will run out of/use up the resources.2)两周过去了，他们的食品用完了。Two weeks passed,and their food ran out/gave out.Two weeks passed,and they ran out of/used up their food.(主语是主语是物物，不及物不及物动词词组，动词词组，无无被动语态被动语态)(主语是主语是人人，及物及物动词词组，动词词组，有有被动语态被动语态)76.at
46、tach v.系系;绑绑;贴贴attach A to B 把A附在B上be attached to 附属于;喜欢attach great importance/significance to sth.认为有重要意义 attached adj.附加的附加的;附属的附属的;依恋的依恋的 attachment n.依恋；爱慕；信念；信仰；附件依恋；爱慕；信念；信仰；附件 1)Dont forget to attach a recent photo _ your application form.2)This hospital _(attach)to the medical college nearb
47、y.3)国家应该要重视资源节约和环境保护。The country should attach importance to energy saving and environmental protection.tois attached 77.oxygen n.氧氧;氧气氧气 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳二氧化碳B3 U4 Reading and Thinking 语言点 Space:The Final Frontier 1.“Are we alone?Whats out there?Looking up at the stars,people have always wanted t
48、o learn more about space,and scientists work hard to find answers.They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe._ Space:The Final Frontier 1.“Are we alone?Whats out there?Looking up at the stars,people have always wanted to learn more about space,and sci
49、entists work hard to find answers.They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe._ Space:The Final Frontier 1.“Are we alone?Whats out there?Looking up at the stars,people have always wanted to learn more about space,and scientists work hard to find answer
50、s.They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe._ They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.2.Before the mid-20th century,most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.However,some scientist
