1、跨文化交际Unit 9(大二英语)A.What is Cultural Diversity?nCultural diversity is the variety of human societies or cultures in a specific region,or in the world as a whole.nJoke appreciation for cultural diversitynA young ladys miniskirt was accidentally torn open by a young man.Please decide where they come fr
2、om according to their responses to this incident.n1.Before the man saying sorry,the woman bowed down and said in a tender voice:sorry,it is all my fault.It is all the bad quality of my skirt.I am sorry for the trouble I have brought to you.nJapan:Over-courtesy and male-dominatedn2.Before the man say
3、ing sorry,the woman gave him a name-card and said:“This is my lawyers phone number.He will talk with you about your sex harassment.See you in the court.”nAmerica:A place where law talks!n3.Before the man saying sorry,the woman covered the torn part of the skirt with a newspaper in hand and shyly sai
4、d:“Sir,can you send me home?It is not very far from here.”Then the young man put his coat on the girl and called a taxi to send her home.nEngland:Gentle and conservativen4.Before the man saying sorry,the woman gurgled and put her hand on the mans shoulder:“Sir,if you do not mind,you can buy me a red
5、 rose to show your apology.”Then the man bought her a rose and they went to a hotel together to study more about the skirt.nFrance:Friendly and romanticCase Study 1nDuring the American Civil War,a very hungry young man fell down in front of a farm gate.The farmer gave him food but in return he asked
6、 the young man to move a pile of wood in his yardin fact it was not at all necessary to move the wood.When the young man left,the farmer moved the wood back to its original place.Seeing all this,the farmers son was confused.nindividualismnIndependencenSelf-reliancenSelf-esteemnegalitarianismCase Stu
7、dy 2nAn American couple came to Beijing to work as foreign teachers for the first time in their lives.They had a three-year-old son.Since both of them worked,they hired a Chinese housemaid,who was in her late 40s.One of her jobs was to take their son to a kindergarten in the morning and pick him up
8、and bring him home again in the afternoon.She found this the most difficult among all her tasks.Every day when it was time to take the boy to kindergarten there was bound to be a fight with the boy because she insisted on carrying the boy in her arms or at least holding his hand;but the boy never li
9、ked it.He preferred to walk by himself.After a few days,she quit the job.B.Individualism vs.CollectivismThe nail that sticks up will be pounded down.枪打出头鸟。枪打出头鸟。The squeaky wheel gets the grease.Gerard Hendrik HofstedenHofstedes Four Cultural Value SystemCultural Dimensions TheoryUncertainty Avoidan
10、cenPower DistancenMasculinity vs.nFemininityIndividualism vs.CollectivismUncertainty AvoidanceHigh-uncertainty-avoidance culture:“What is different,is dangerous.”Portugal,Greece,Peru,Belgium,and Japan.Uncertainty AvoidanceLow-uncertainty-avoidance culture:“What is different,is curious”Denmark,Sweden
11、,the United States,Finland,Netherlands and Ireland.Power DistanceHierarchical orderIndia,Brazil,Singapore,Greece,Venezuela,Mexico,and PhilippinesequalizationAustralia,Finland,Denmark,Norway,New Zealand,and IsraelMasculinity and FemininityMCharacteristics:Men are taught to be domineering and assertiv
12、e and women nurturing.Men-providerWomen-homemaker and breeder.Representative nations:Ireland,the Philippines,Greece,South Africa,Australia,Japan,Italy,and Mexico.FCharacteristics:Stress caring and nurturing behaviors.Promotes sexual equality.Interdependence and androgynous behavior are the ideal.Rep
13、resentative nations:Sweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,and the Netherlands.Individualism vs.CollectivismIndividualist and Collectivist CulturesnAn individualist culture is one in which people tend to view themselves as individuals and to emphasize the needs of individuals.Individualist and Collectivist C
14、ulturesnA collectivist culture is one in which people tend to view themselves as members of groups and usually consider the needs of the group to be more important than the needs of individuals.n大家大家好才是真的好，好迪真好。好才是真的好，好迪真好。全码老少皆宜老少皆宜 淘宝价:89.Poetry in motion,dancing close to me.To me,the past is blac
15、k and white,but the future is always color.The new digital era.We lead.Others copy.Group ActivityName the differences between Individualism and Collectivism and support your ideas with examples.ChinaU.S.A.Schools class groups;same coursesno class group;different coursesPartiesa shared meal;a set of
16、performancescocktail party;different conversation partnersIndividualist and Collectivist CulturesC.Dominant American Cultural Patternsn Individualismnthe interests of the individual are paramountn Equalityn“All men are created equal.”n Materialism n“The person who dies with the most toys wins.”n Sci
17、ence and Technologyn“Modern civilization depends on science.”n Progress and ChangenAmericans place great importance on progress and change.n Work and Leisure“To the art of working well a civilized race would add the art of playing well.”Competition“A horse never runs so fast as when he has other hor
18、ses to catch up and outpace.”IndividualismAmerican Cultural PatternsEqualityMaterialismScience&TechnologynProgress&ChangeWork&LeisureCompetitionSelf-check List nWhat is Individualism?nWhat is Collectivism?nWhat are the dominant American cultural patterns?此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢
