1、裂隙灯显微镜华西医院 马薇第1页，共24页。Slitlamp microscope 历史 1911 Gullstrand发明 1920 Vogt改进 1958 瑞士900型裂隙灯 1967 我国试制成功,批量生产第2页，共24页。光学原理光学原理l观察系统 双目立体显微镜l照明系统 裂隙灯裂隙光带 活体光学切片 散射效应原理:普通暗视场生物显微镜第3页，共24页。基本结构基本结构l双目立体显微镜l裂隙灯l滑台l头靠l工作台第4页，共24页。照明系统照明系统l要求:亮度高,照明均匀,宽度可调的裂隙l照明方式:柯拉照明l灯泡:低电压钨丝灯泡第5页，共24页。显微系统显微系统l组成:物镜,目镜,棱镜
2、l放大倍率:6X,40Xl改变放大倍率 使用不同的物镜 使用不同的目镜 Galilean系统 Zoom系统第6页，共24页。显微系统显微系统l棱镜:翻转倒置的像l分辨率:与数值孔径(NA)有关 NA=n sin(u)=0.085第7页，共24页。使用方法使用方法l打开电源l检查裂隙,光圈盘,滤色片l调焦第8页，共24页。Adjust patient position relative to the instrument Dim room lighting whileobserving the ocular structures 第9页，共24页。第10页，共24页。Direct illumin
3、ationlThe beam and the microscope are both focused sharply on the structure to be observed.lAn oblique angle to one anther第11页，共24页。可观察眼前部病变可观察眼前部病变l结膜乳头增殖l结膜滤泡l角膜异物l角膜云翳l晶体混浊第12页，共24页。Indirect illuminationlThe beam is focused on an opaque or translucent structure located to one side of the area to
4、be observed by the microscope.This area is observed somewhat in shadow by virtue of scattered light.第13页，共24页。Retro-illuminationlFocus the beam on a surface beyond(or behind)the area to be observed第14页，共24页。l角膜新生血管l角膜后沉着物l角膜深层异物l角膜血管翳第15页，共24页。Sclerotic scatterlA slit of medium width is directed tow
5、ard the limbus from a wide angle.lThe scattering of light by the cornea will cause the appearance of a halo all the way around the cornealThe light traverses the cornea by total internal reflection.第16页，共24页。Sclerotic scatterlThe angle of incidence:4560 degrddslComplete darkness第17页，共24页。Specular re
6、flectionlThe source and the microscope are placed at equal angles from the normal to the corneal surfacelObserve the image of the sourcelThe corneal epithelium and the endothelium(High magnification:3040)第18页，共24页。滤色片滤色片l蓝色滤色片用于观察荧光染色l绿色滤色片用于观察血管第19页，共24页。Maximum aperture size of light source and in
7、termediate/high level illumination lUpper tarsal conjunctiva:l upper eyelids inversion,leyes looking down,ldiffuse illumination,l low/moderate magnification 第20页，共24页。Direct illumination 第21页，共24页。第22页，共24页。lObserve the continuity of fluorescent materials with low magnification.第23页，共24页。Thank You第24页，共24页。
