1、 Four oceans in the world Pacific oceanIndian oceanArctic oceanAtlanticoceanThe map of the world Latin/South/North AmericaLesson 43Over the south polepole 1.极极 Pole Star 北极星北极星 the South Pole 南极；南极；the North Pole 北极北极2.电极，磁极电极，磁极3.杆；棒；柱杆；棒；柱 a flag poleflight n.飞行飞行 航班航班 Eg.All flights are cancelled
2、 because of the fog.fly v.飞飞 fly-flew-flown fly n 苍蝇苍蝇explorer n.探险家探险家,探测者探测者,探测器探测器 explore v.探险探险,探测探测,探究探究 explore the forest lie 1)lie用作用作规则动词规则动词(lie，lied，lied)时意为时意为“说谎说谎”。如：。如：He wasnt telling the truth.He lied again.She lied to us about her job.【注意注意】表示这一意思时，表示这一意思时，lie可用作可用作名词名词。我们一般说我们一般说
3、tell a lie或或tell lies，而不说而不说say/talk/speak a lie(或或lies)。再如：再如：“我痛恨说谎话我痛恨说谎话”，可以说，可以说 I hate lying或或I hate telling lies，一般不说一般不说I hate lie或或I hate to lie。lie lie用作用作不规则动词不规则动词(lie，lay，lain)时，表示时，表示“躺躺”，“(东西东西)平放平放”，“位于位于”等意。等意。如：如：Hes still lying in bed.His books lay on the desk when I went in.The c
4、ity lies in the north of China.His success lay in hard work.lay 动词动词lay也是也是不规则动词不规则动词(lay，laid，laid)，是，是及物动词及物动词，后面必须接宾语。，后面必须接宾语。表示表示“放置放置”“”“产卵产卵”的意思。如：的意思。如：He laid his shoulder on my shoulder.Dont lay the glass on the corner of the table.Mother laid the baby gently on the bed.John laid the table
5、.The hen is laying an egg.point point 1.n 尖端尖端 A knife-point 2.n 点点(抽象的；具体的抽象的；具体的)Many of the points in the report are correct.3.V 指指 指向指向 point at 指着指着 point to 指向指向seem v.似乎，看起来似乎，看起来 seem+as if 看起来似乎看起来似乎 He seems as if he had never lived in England before.seem+adj.He seems rich.seem to be He se
6、ems to be rich.seem that 看起来似乎看起来似乎 It seems that he is rich.crash v.坠毁（从上向下掉）；坠毁（从上向下掉）；n.冲突冲突,撞击声撞击声,抵触抵触 air crash 空难空难 car crash 车祸车祸 His elder son was killed in a car crash a few years ago.The crash happened in thick fog.sack 袋子袋子 购物袋购物袋 可数名词可数名词 A sack of rice This sack of potatoes weighs a hu
7、ndred jin at most.clear v.越过越过(凌空、不接触地凌空、不接触地)越过越过,跳过，没有接触面的跳过，没有接触面的飞跃飞跃 clear the mountain The horse cleared the fence.over adv.越过越过(距离距离)go over飞跃飞跃endless plain hopeless helpless careless Useless plain n.平原平原 adj 普通的普通的 a plain girl plain water 淡水淡水can 和和be able to 1.can和和could 我们已经讲过我们已经讲过can和和
8、could都可以表示都可以表示“请求允许请求允许做某事做某事”，can比较生硬，用于和自己同等的人或是熟悉的朋比较生硬，用于和自己同等的人或是熟悉的朋友。而友。而could相对比较相对比较客气客气，显得更加礼貌，同时也反映出，显得更加礼貌，同时也反映出请求者的犹豫不决。请求者的犹豫不决。Can I use your telephone?Could I use your telephone?2.can和和be able to can和和be able to都可以解释为都可以解释为“能够、可以能够、可以”。区别区别a.在表示在表示现在现在或或过去过去的的智力、体力、技能智力、体力、技能等方面等方面
9、的的“能力能力”时时,can、could常可与常可与 be able to互换互换。I can swim now.=I am able to swim.我会游泳。我会游泳。b.can 能够做某事，不一定就真的做了。能够做某事，不一定就真的做了。be able to是真的尝试过了，并且有是真的尝试过了，并且有能力完成这件事情能力完成这件事情。I can swim 300 meters now and last year I was able to swim 100 meters.c.be able to 有比有比 can 更多的形式。从更多的形式。从时态上来说：时态上来说：can做为情态动词，只
10、有做为情态动词，只有现在时现在时和和过去时过去时。be able to则有比则有比can更多的形式，除了更多的形式，除了现在时现在时和和过去时过去时，还有，还有将来时将来时和和完成时完成时。I can see you tomorrow.Ill be able to see you tomorrow.I couldnt understand him.=I wasnt able to understand him.He said he could see me next week.=He said he would be able to see me next week.请大家注意，如果要体现请大
11、家注意，如果要体现将来时将来时和和完成时完成时，那只能，那只能用用be able to。因为。因为can作为情态动词只有现在时和过去作为情态动词只有现在时和过去时。时。综合上面的几点，我们简单总结一下：综合上面的几点，我们简单总结一下：can和和be able to在表示在表示个人能力个人能力时，一般时，一般可以进行互换可以进行互换。Can表示表示“能够做某事能够做某事”，是，是未经未经尝试过的能力尝试过的能力；而；而be able to则多表示则多表示“有能力做某事有能力做某事”多为多为已经已经过事实验证过事实验证的。的。Can用于用于现在时现在时和和过去时过去时；而；而be able to
12、由于有个由于有个be动词，动词，所以它时态的使用就灵活了许多，所以它时态的使用就灵活了许多，将来时、完成时将来时、完成时等时态等时态用用be able to表示则非常清晰方便。表示则非常清晰方便。下面最后一点：下面最后一点：当我们要当我们要表示一个动作表示一个动作已经成功地在过去完成已经成功地在过去完成的的时候，我们必须使用时候，我们必须使用was able to，而不能使用，而不能使用could。听录音，然后回答以下问题。听录音，然后回答以下问题。How was the plane able to clear How was the plane able to clear the mount
13、ains?the mountains?The American explorer ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks so the plane rose to10000 feet.In 1929,three years after his flight over the North Pole,the American explorer,R.E.Byrd,successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.Though,at first,Byrd and his men
14、were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below,they soon ran into serious trouble.At one point,it seemed certain that their plane would crash.It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks.The
15、plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away,for there were no more mountains in sight.The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.课文讲解课文讲解1、In 1929,three ye
16、ars after his flight over the North Pole,the American explorer,R.E.Byrd,successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.for the first time 第一次第一次 time 1 “次，回次，回”，还可以说，还可以说 this time，last time，next time，another time，each time I remind you for the last time that if you dont hurry,youll miss t
17、he train.time 2 倍，倍数倍，倍数 The river is three times longer than that one.In 1929,three years after his flight over the North Pole,the American explorer,R.E.Byrd,successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.（1）这句话包含两个）这句话包含两个同位语同位语。three years after为为 1929的同位语，作插入的同位语，作插入性的补充说明；性的补充说明；REByr
18、d 作作 the American explorer 的同位的同位语。语。2、Though,at first,Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below,they soon ran into serious trouble.连词连词though引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句，其含义是，其含义是“虽虽然然，尽管，尽管”。它。它。take a photograph of 拍拍的照片的照片 在他离开家之前，他给他的房子照了张照片。在他离开家之前，他给他的房子照
19、了张照片。He took a photograph of his house before he left home.run into trouble=get into trouble 遇到麻烦，遇到麻烦，陷入困境陷入困境 每次他遇到困难了，他都向父母寻求帮助。每次他遇到困难了，他都向父母寻求帮助。Each time he ran into trouble,he asked his parents for help.3、At one point,it seemed certain that their plane would crash.at one point 在某一地方，在某一时刻在某一地
20、方，在某一时刻（point也指时间上的某一点）也指时间上的某一点）他曾一度下决心要当个画家。他曾一度下决心要当个画家。At one point,he made up his mind to become a painter.it为形式主语，真正的主语为为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。引导的从句。it作形式主语时经常与作形式主语时经常与seem，appear，look（意（意思都是思都是“看起来看起来；似乎是；似乎是”）等连用：等连用：现在似乎可以肯定会议将被推迟。现在似乎可以肯定会议将被推迟。It now looks certain that the meeting is goin
21、g to be put off.4、It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.rise to 上升至上升至5、The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.by表示表示“相差，以相差，以之差之差”的意思的意思 我晚了我晚了10分钟，没赶上火车。分钟，没赶上火车。I missed the train by ten minutes.他比我小两岁。他比我小两岁。He is younger than me by two years.for there were no more mountains in sight.因为前面再没有山了。因为前面再没有山了。for表示表示“因为因为”。in sight表示表示“在看得见的范围内在看得见的范围内”、“在在可看见之处可看见之处”：No man was in sight.一个人也看不见。一个人也看不见。
