1、第19课 清朝前期社会经济的发展,一、农业生产的恢复和发展,明朝末年的大动荡对社会经济造成严重的破坏，清初的统治者认识到恢复经济，尤其是恢复和发展农业生产，是“国之大计”。,背景：,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
2、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
3、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,土地方面：,措 施：,兴修水利方面：,大力推行垦荒政策，扩大耕地面积。,治理黄河、淮河等大河以及大运河。 修建堤坝、渠堰、海塘。,庄稼种植方面：,改进种植技术，改良新品种，推广高产作物；增加经济作物的品种、扩大经济作物的种植面积。,经济作物,烟 草,蔗 甘,茶叶,棉花,花卉,土地方面：,成果：,耕
4、地面积不断扩大，荒地得到开垦，荒山旷野改造成农田，边远地区也得到了开发。到乾隆末年，全国耕地面积比明朝鼎盛时期增加了近亿亩。,庄稼种植方面：,粮食产量大幅提高，经济作物品种增多，花卉、水果等作物种植面积扩大。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
5、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
6、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,相关史事,清朝以前，江南盛产稻米，养鱼业已经很发达，被誉为鱼米之乡，有“苏湖熟，天下足”的谚语。到了清中期，江汉平原、洞庭湖和湘江沿岸地区，普遍推广玉米、甘薯等作物的种植，粮食产量有较大的提高。当时的湖广地区成了新的商品粮食基地，以至于出现了“湖广熟，天下足”的谚语。,
7、恢复和发展农业生产的意义：,农业生产的发展，有利于社会的稳定和繁荣。农业产品品种和产量的增加，对手工业和城镇商品经济的发展起到了推动的作用。,二、手工业和商业的发展,清朝前期手工业有很大发展，已出现比较成熟的手工业工场，其中一些颇具规模。,手工业,丝织品,印染,瓷器,茶业,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
8、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
9、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,清朝前期商业发达，陆路和水路的商旅往来频繁，各地商贸交易十分兴盛，形成了由农村集市、城镇市场、区域性市场和全国性市场组成的商业网。 在商业活动中，形成了一些大的商帮，在全国进行商业活动。这些晋商和徽商等商帮
10、的活动，对当时社会经济的发展产生了很大的影响。,商业,繁华的商业市井风情,思考：清朝商业为什么会如此繁荣？,国内市场扩大，大量农产品和手工业品大量投放市场。 区域间长途贩运贸易发展较快。 北京和南京成为全国市商贸城市，全国还出现较大的商贸城市几十座。 商品经济延伸到农村，特别是江浙地区，工商业市镇如雨后春笋，蓬勃兴起。 商帮的重要作用。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
11、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
12、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,三、人口的增长,人口状况：,康熙时，全国人口总数已达到1.5亿； 乾隆末年，全国人口发展到3亿，占当时世界总人口的三分之一。,人口过快增长的
13、原因：,清朝统治者为恢复社会经济而采取的各种措施使得经济发展，国力增强，社会安定，人口数量由此有了很大的增长。,人口快速增长带来的问题：,人口密度加大，人地矛盾逐渐突出； 过度开垦导致环境问题的出现（天然植被和原始森林遭到破坏、水土流失严重、地力下降）； 庞大的人口造成社会压力，影响经济的持续发展。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
14、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
15、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,农业：,手工业：出现比较成熟的手工业工场,经济的发展 清朝前期社会,商品贸易兴盛，形成商业网,商帮：晋商、徽商,人口的增长,课堂小结,耕地面积扩大，粮食产量提高，经济作物发展,1.下列不属于人口快速增长带来的问题的一项是 （ ） A.人地矛盾突出 B.植被破坏，水土流失 C.土地兼并 D.造成社会压力，影响经济持续发展,C,课堂练习,2.乾隆时期，据载已拥有“十万烟火”，财富“甲 于天下”的城市是（ ） A.北京 B.苏州 C.江宁 D.广州,B,3.清朝前期人口大量增长，这与下列哪两种高产作 物的推广有关( ) 高粱 花生 玉米 甘薯 A. B. C. D.,C,
