1、Ethyl alcohol from woodKazumasa ShimizuCollege of Bioresource ScienceNihon UniversityEthyl alcohol from Wood Bioethanol Production in the World Hydrolysis with Concentrated Sulfuric acid Hydrolysis of Steam-exploded wood with Enzyme Phase Separation method of Wood ComponentsThe Second Oil ShockThe F
2、irst Oil ShockReverse Oil ShockThe Gulf War$/BarrelChange of Oil PriceChanges of Production of Sugar Cane and Ethanol in BrazilChanges of Production of Sugar Cane and Ethanolin BrazilEthanolEthanol ProductionSugarSugar Cane ProductionEthanol ProductionChanges of Production of Corn and Ethanol in USA
3、Cattle FeedEthanolEthanol Production Corn ProductionEthanol Production106t104KLBioethanol Production in the WorldBrazil中国IndiaOthersUSAEUSugar Cane SugarFermentationEthanolCorn StarchSteaming at 100HydrolysisSugarFermentationEthanolCellulosic MaterialsSteaming at 200HydrolysisSugarFermentationEthano
4、lBioethanol北海道木材化学株式会社Sugar:GlucoseWood Glucose：25/200gHadwood Meal：PrehydrolysisCellulose,LigninHydrolysisSoluble Glucose PolymerLigninPost HydrolysisGlucose：270kgLignin200kgSteaming at 180for 2h72%H2SO4at room temp for 5min10%H2SO4at 100 for 100min北海道法Furfural6575kgCellulose,hemicellulose,ligninMo
5、lasses:50kgCondensation of lignin during the processChange of Cellulase ActivityFilter Paper Degrading Activity Trichoderma virideCellulose Microfibril-1,4-glycosidic DP:5,00010,000Cellulose is a linear polymerCellulose easily crystallizeCellulose forms MicrofibrilCellobiohydrolase(CBH&)Cut crystall
6、ine partCellobiohydrolase cut cellobiose from the terminal.Cell Wall Structure細胞壁成分分布細胞壁内成分分布Cell Wall StructurePhysical pretreatmentChemical pretreatmentBiological pretreatmentIntegrated Process for Total Utilization of Wood ComponentsHardwood chipsSteam ExplosionFiberExtraction with WaterExtractio
7、n with WaterCelluloseHydrolysis with EnzymeFermentationEtOHBirch,Poplar,Willowat 180230 for 120minRoughage for RuminantsPurification XylooligosaccharidesPhenolation Lignin Carbon fiberSteam ExplosionContinuous Steam Explosion ApparatusChipInlet ChamberRotary ValveSteamDigesterScrew FeederBirch Wood
8、steamedat 180、15minFeeding TestFeeding TestBodyWeightIntegrated Process for Total Utilization of Wood ComponentsHardwood chipsSteam ExplosionFiberExtraction with WaterExtraction with WaterCelluloseHydrolysis with EnzymeFermentationEtOHBirch,Poplar,Willowat 180230 for 120minRoughage for RuminantsPuri
9、fication XylooligosaccharidesPhenolation Lignin Carbon fiberWater ExtractsUtilization of Water ExtractsWater ExtractsPurificationXylooligosaccharidesYield:15%Hydrolysis XyloseReductionXylitolYield:15%With immobilized enzymesH2:150kgf/cm2100-130 for 2hRaney-NiWith ion exchange resinsXylooligosacchari
10、des乳酸饮料Beverage of lactic acidPhysiological activity of XylooligosaccharidesAldouronic acidsAldotetraouronic acidAldopentaouronic acidIntegrated Process for Total Utilization of Wood ComponentsHardwood chipsSteam ExplosionFiberExtraction with WaterExtraction with WaterCelluloseHydrolysis with Enzyme
11、FermentationEtOHBirch,Poplar,Willowat 180230 for 120minRoughage for RuminantsPurification XylooligosaccharidesPhenolation Lignin Carbon fiberCleavage of-aryletherUtilization of alkali extractAlkali extractsNeutralizationPrecipitateLigninYield:12%PhenolysisCarbon FiberYield:5%With 1%NaOHWith HClCentr
12、ifugationProduction flow of lignin carbon fiberLignin PhenolysisPhenolated ligninCondensation Modified ligninSpiningGreen fiberThermosettingCarbonizationStabilizedligninCarbon fiberYield:43.7%Reacted with phenolAt 250 for 3 hYield:96.8%Heated at 280For 40min underReduced pressureYield:80.2%At 200Hea
13、ting at60210At 7.5dAt 1000 for 60minPhenolysis of ligninGreen fiberLignin carbon fiberIntegrated Process for Total Utilization of Wood ComponentsHardwood chipsSteam ExplosionFiberExtraction with WaterExtraction with WaterCelluloseHydrolysis with EnzymeFermentationEtOHBirch,Poplar,Willowat 180230 for
14、 120minRoughage for RuminantsPurification XylooligosaccharidesPhenolation Lignin Carbon fiberProduction of EtOHCellulaseCellulose:LigninYield:51%Hydrolysis GlucoseYield:39.4%Fermentation96%EtOHYield:18.0%Saccharomyces cerevisieIncubation Trichoderma virideLigninYield:10%Continuous saccharification a
15、pparatusUltra filtration Glucose SaccharificationvesselPumpPumpFilterSteam-explodedwoodSoftwoodSoftwood mill:1000mgmill:1000mgAddition of-Addition of-cresolcresol10min10min7272H H2 2SOSO4 4処理処理室温、室温、30min30minCresol phaseCresol phaseP h e n o l a t e d P h e n o l a t e d ligninlignin350mg350mgAcid
16、phaseAcid phaseCellulose,hemicellulCellulose,hemicellulose ose Carbon fiber Carbon fiber of ligninof ligninAddition of-cresolAddition of-cresolAt room temp for 10minAt room temp for 10minAddition of 72%HAddition of 72%H2 2SOSO4 4At room temp for 30minAt room temp for 30minAcid phaseAcid phasePolymer
17、 of cellulose,Polymer of cellulose,hemicellulosehemicellulosePhase separation of wood componentsSoftwoodSoftwood mill:1000mgmill:1000mgPhenolated lignin Phenolated ligninH2SO4交換樹交換樹SOSO4 4-Mono/oligosugars ETOHETOH共生食品共生食品農薬農薬Separation of sugars and sulfuric acidHydrolysis:HHydrolysis:H2 2SOSO4 4：3030At 80At 80、60min60minMono/oligoMono/oligosugarssugarsH2SO4Mono/oligoMono/oligosugarssugars Mono/oligoMono/oligosugarssugarsEtOHSymbiotic foodGrowth stimulatorIon exchange resine:Ion exchange resine:SOSO4 4-
