1、2021/7/261(最新整理)非谓语动词的被动语态2021/7/262The passive voice of non-infinite2021/7/263 The window is broken.The window was broken by the naughty boy.Look at the sentences.Is this a passive sentence?2021/7/264当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词用被动语态用被动语态。常见时态的被动语态：常见时态的被动语态：
2、一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are done一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were done现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are being done2021/7/265过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were being done现在完成时：现在完成时：have/has been done过去完成时：过去完成时：had been done一般将来时：一般将来时：shall/will be done;be going to be done当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can/may/must/have to be done2021/7/266
3、Passive voice of infinitive：当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者定式所表示的动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式的被动时，一般要用不定式的被动式。式。2021/7/267 Its an honour(for me)to be invited to the ceremony.Its an honour(for me)to invite you to the ceremony.2.She didnt like to be treated as a child.She didnt like to treat the boy as a ch
4、ild.不定式的被动式在句中作什么成分不定式的被动式在句中作什么成分作主语作主语作主语作主语作宾语作宾语作宾语作宾语2021/7/2683.His dream was to be admitted to a good university.She doesnt seem to like the idea.4.There are a lot of problems to be discussed.We have a lot of problems to discuss.作表语作表语作定语作定语2021/7/2695.Parents greatly encourage their children
5、 to join the club.The shopkeeper saw a thief slip into the store.A thief was seen to slip into the store by the shopkeeper.Im glad to be made chairman.Im glad to have made him our chairman.作宾补作宾补作宾补作宾补作主补作主补作原因状语作原因状语2021/7/26106.She was sent there to be trained for the space flight.She was sent the
6、re to train the spacemen for the space flight.Those fans hurried to the airport,only to be told that the idol had left.Those fans hurried to the airport,only to find that the idol had left.目的状语目的状语结果状语结果状语2021/7/2611辨析：辨析：1.Do you have anything to wash today?(to wash的逻辑主语为句子的主语的逻辑主语为句子的主语you)你今天要洗什么
7、吗？你今天要洗什么吗？2.Do you have anything to be washed?(to be washed不是不是you做，而是由做，而是由“我我”或其他人来做或其他人来做)你有什么要其他人洗的吗？你有什么要其他人洗的吗？2021/7/2612不定式有时要用不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义1.在在There be/seem+There be/seem+主语主语+to do+to do表表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义动形式表示被动意义 Theres not enough food to eat.没有足够的食
8、物吃。没有足够的食物吃。Theres no chair to sit on.没有椅子坐。没有椅子坐。2021/7/26132.2.在在形容词以及含有形容词的名词形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，被动意义，其中形容词常见的有其中形容词常见的有easy,difficult,important,easy,difficult,important,impossibleimpossible等。等。The work is impossible to finish in two days.=It is impossible to finish th
9、e work in two days.2021/7/26143.在一些固定用法，如在一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，挨骂，受责备，受批评受批评”用用be to blame；“（东西（东西等）出租等）出租”用用to let。(to blame/to let 作表语）作表语）He is to blame for what he has done.他应为他所做的受责备。他应为他所做的受责备。The house is to let.房子要出租。房子要出租。2021/7/2615 passive voice of ving:动词动词-ing形式的被动式形式的被动式,其构成为其构成为“being+done
10、”.如果动词如果动词-ing形式的形式的逻辑主语为所表示的动作的承受者，逻辑主语为所表示的动作的承受者，动词动词-ing形式要用被动语态形式要用被动语态.2021/7/2616动词动词-ing形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分?1.So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence.2.He didnt mind being left at home.3.That building being repaired is our library.4.Being protected by a thick wall,they f
11、elt they were quite safe.5.Having been given such a good chance,how could she let it slip away?作主语作主语作宾语作宾语作定语作定语作状语作状语作状语作状语2021/7/2617George didnt like being kept waiting.I am not interested in the topic being discussed.The decision having been made was how to make a good plan.He was afraid of bei
12、ng scolded by the teacher.作宾语作宾语作定语作定语作定语作定语作宾语作宾语2021/7/2618Its a pleasure being invited to the party.Being offered such a good chance was luck.What I hate most is being looked down upon.Our task is cleaning the canteen.作主语作主语作主语作主语作表语作表语作表语作表语2021/7/2619The present situation is inspiring.He often
13、watched the boats being unloaded.As we approached the village we saw new houses being built.作表语作表语作宾补作宾补作宾补作宾补2021/7/2620*Being badly wounded,the whale soon died.*Having been told many times,she still made the same mistake.*Seeing from the hill,we found the small village beautiful.*Children rushed o
14、ut,laughing.*Her husband died,leaving her a big fortune and a daughter.原因状语原因状语让步状语让步状语时间状语时间状语伴随状语伴随状语结果状语结果状语2021/7/2621He nearly got hit by a car.The old couple were shocked at the news.Go and get your hair cut.The old man had his wallet stolen.Can you make yourself understood?表语表语表语表语宾补宾补2021/7/
15、2622He is a man loved by all.=He is a man who is loved by all.The bridge built needs repairing.=The bridge which/that has been built needs repairing.Frustrated,he returned to his homeland.定语定语定语定语原因状语原因状语2021/7/2623Given more time,I could do it better.Though told many times,the boy wouldnt quit smoking.Seen from the hill,the church looks awesome.条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语时间状语时间状语2021/7/2624固定用法：固定用法：*to be honest/frank;to speak frankly;to begin/start with;to put it briefly;to tell(you)the truth*generally speaking;judging from/by;considering;seeing;allowing for*given2021/7/2625
