1、简单句和主从复合句,简单句,简单句是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。对简单句的基本句型结构的考查是中考常见考点。,考点一：主语+系动词+表语 如：Mr. Green is from Southern England. 温馨提示：初中阶段所学的系动词有be, seem, keep, stay, look, smell, taste, sound, feel, become, get, turn, fall等。,考点二：主语+不及物动词 如：She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 考点三：主语+及物动词+宾语 如：Tom
2、plays many different ball games. 考点四：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 如：Linda sent me a lovely birthday card yesterday. 温馨提示：间接宾语是人，直接宾语是物。 能接双宾语的动词多数要在间接宾语前加to或for。, 加to的动词有give, send, pass, take, bring, show, lend, tell等。 加for的动词有buy, make, build, mend, cook等。 考点五：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 如：I will paint my room blue.,考点
3、六：there be句型。该句型结构为“There be +主语+ 地点状语 / 时间状语”。该句型有各种时态的变化，其一般将来时结构为“There will be +主语 + .”或“There is / are going to be +主语+ .”。 如：There are many beautiful flowers in the garden.,1. 连词成句。将所给词语连成句子，标点已给 出。 (2017河北省) 1) birthday, is, gift, what, your _? 2) you, us, can, ride, give, a _?,What is your b
4、irthday gift,Can you give us a ride,特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+谓语,助动词+主语+谓语,3) five, in our group, there, students, are _. 4) helps, a, good, you, education, succeed _. 5) I, take a walk, think, after, we, supper should _.,There are five students in our group,there are / is + 主语,A good education helps you succeed
5、,主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,I think we should take a walk after supper,主语+谓语+宾语从句,2. 连词成句。 （2018广西柳州） 1) I, Chinese, am (我是中国人) 2) he, sings, very well (他唱歌很好) 3) on the desk, there is, a book(书桌上有一本书),I am Chinese.,He sings very well.,There is a book on the desk.,4) in the spare time, the father, to be taught
6、, his daughter, French, wants (这位父亲想让女儿业余时间学法语),The father wants his daughter to be taught French in the spare time.,5) I, again, the teachers help, to avoid, got to know, with, to pay attention to, making the same mistake, what (在老师的帮助下，我懂得了该注意些什么来避免再犯同样的错误),With the teachers help, I got to know wh
7、at to pay attention to avoid making the same mistakes again.,3. 连词成句。 (2018河北) 1) it, outside, hot, it _? 2) on time, to, remember, arrive _. 3) for lunch, we, what, do, have _?,Is it hot outside,Remember to arrive on time,What do we have for lunch,4) a cup of, Lucy, me, tea, brought _. 5) your, bea
8、utiful, are, how, kites _!,Lucy brought me a cup of tea,How beautiful your kites are,主从复合句,初中阶段要求掌握的主从复合句主要有宾语从句、状语从句和限定性定语从句。,一、宾语从句 考点一：关联词及作用,考点二：语序。宾语从句必须是陈述句语序。 考点三：主从句时态。,1. Excuse me, would you please tell me _ the nearest post office? Certainly. Walk across the road and turn right, and youll
9、 see it. (2018 江苏淮安) A. when can I get to B. when I can get to C. how can I get to D. how I can get to,D,2. You came back from Beijing yesterday. Could you tell me _ ? I went there by train. (2018 山东莱芜) A. how you went there B. who you went with C. what you think of the trip D. if you enjoy the trip
10、,A,3. Your bicycle is so nice. Could you tell me _? Of course. At the shop near my home. (2018 吉林长春) A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it,C,4. Could you please tell me _? (2018甘肃兰州) A. where are you from B. how can I get there C. whats the matter
11、with you D. where does he live,C,5. Judy, could you tell me _ the schoolbag? Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet. (2017北京) A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy,C,6. Excuse me, could you please tell me _ the Science Museum? Sure. Go along th
12、e street and turn left. Its next to Bank of China.(2017重庆A卷) A. when I can get to B. when can I get to C. how I can get to D. how can I get to,C,7. Were discussing why _ for our health. (2017沈阳) A. are fast food bad B. fast food are bad C. fast food is bad D. is fast food bad 8. Id like to know _ fo
13、r the party. I have no idea. (2017武汉) A. why did she buy so little food B. what she has prepared C. whether will she dance D. when is she leaving,C,B,9. Could you please tell me _ get to Xiaogan East Station? You can take the No. 2 Bus over there. (2017湖北孝感) A. when we can B. how we can C. when can
14、we D. how can we,B,10. Excuse me. I wonder _. Yes, its near the bookstore. (2017 山东德州) A. where we will go for the holiday B. if there is a lost and found office C. when she will give me a call D. how we can go to Hong Kong,B,11. The light in Bills office is still on. I wonder _. Maybe at midnight a
15、gain. (2017山东泰安) A. if will he stop working B. why he works so hard C. how long will he work D. when he will stop working,D,二、状语从句 考点一：引导状语从句的连词 时间状语从句：when, while, as, before, after, since, until, till, as soon as 条件状语从句：if, unless, as long as, once 原因状语从句：because, as, since, for 目的状语从句：so that, in
16、 order that 结果状语从句：so that, sothat/ suchthat 让步状语从句：though, although, even if/ though 比较状语从句：than, asas, not as/ soas,考点二：在含有时间或条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时、祈使句或主句含有情态动词，那么从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来。 考点三： 当since从句用一般过去时时，主句通常用现在完成时。 考点四：疑问词+ -ever与no matter+疑问词都表示“不管；无论”。,考点五：1. 在so . that . 结构中，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so
17、+形容词 / 副词+that从句 so+形容词+a / an+可数名词单数形式+that从句 so+ many / few +可数名词复数形式+that从句 so+ much / little +不可数名词+that从句 2. 在such . that . 结构中，such后面跟名词或名词短语。,such+a / an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+that从句 such+形容词+可数名词复数形式 / 不可数名词+that从句 考点六：although / though可以与yet, still连用，但不能和but连用。,1. Your dream will not come true _ you
18、 keep trying your best. (2018 四川泸州) A. when B. unless C. whether D. because 2. Harry Potter is _ an interesting novel _ I want to read it again. I agree with you. (2018 湖北咸宁) A. so; that B. too; to C. such; that D. as; as,B,C,3. _ the girl is only six years old, she knows more than 300 ancient Chine
19、se poems. (2018 海南) A. If B. Unless C. Although 4. Im sure youll achieve it in the end _ you keep on doing something. (2018 湖南永州) A. so that B. as long as C. unless,C,B,5. The pollution in the sea is terrible! I believe the sea will be cleaner _ we take action now. (2018 辽宁葫芦岛) A. though B. if C. un
20、less D. until 6. My grandparents wrote letters to keep in touch with others _ they were young. (2018 辽宁沈阳) A. when B. since C. after D. before,B,A,7. As soon as the rain _, they will go out to pick apples. (2017 重庆A卷) A. stops B. stopped C. will stop D. is stopping,A,8. Can you tell me when you are
21、going to arrive there? Im not sure. But Ill ring you up as soon as I _ there tomorrow. (2017 湖北襄阳) A. arrive B. arrived C. will arrive D. am going to arrive,A,9. If it _ sunny tomorrow, I will go shopping with my friend in the supermarket. (2017 西宁) A. will be B. be C. is D. was 10. When you _ me la
22、st night, I _ the piano. (2017 兰州) A. were calling; was playing B. were calling; played C. called; playing D. called; was playing,C,D,三、定语从句 考点一：当先行词为物时，可用that / which引导定语从句，that / which在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)。 考点二：当先行词为人时，可用who / that引导定语从句，who / that在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)。注意：当关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，通常用whom引导定语从
23、句。,考点三：关系代词的特殊用法 只能用that情况 (1) 先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing等时。 (2) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰 时。 (3) 先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等不定代词修饰时。 (4) 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时。,(5) 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句 时。 (6) 先行词既有人又有物时。 (7) time作先行词且前面有序数词或last修饰 时，定语从句用
24、that引导；如果没有序数 词或last修饰时，既可用when也可用that来 引导。 2. 只能用which的情况 (1) 关系代词作介词的宾语时，用“介词 +which”结构。,(2) 引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。 考点四：关系副词的用法 1. when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词。 2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。 3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。,1. This is the most exciting match _ I have ever watched. (2018 广西柳州) A. who B. which C. that 2. I like t
25、he city _ the people are really kind and friendly. (2018 甘肃兰州) A. that B. which C. where D. who,C,C,3. Amy is a creative lady _ set up a website to sell handbags made of old jeans. (2018 贵州贵阳) A. who B. which C. where 4. The teacher _ I like best often encourages me _ my dream. (2018 新疆乌鲁木齐) A. who;
26、 fight for B. that; to fight for C. which; to fight for D. which; fight for,A,B,5. What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV? Its a great TV show _ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public. (2018 湖北咸宁) A. whom B. who C. whose D. that 6. We believe that success always belongs to the
27、 people _ never say “give up”. (2018 四川遂宁) A. whom B. what C. who D. which,D,C,7. I hate the dogs _ live in the next house. They make loud noises all night. (2017河南) A. who B. that C. what D. whom 8. Ode to Joy(欢乐颂) is a TV play _ many people like. (2017吉林) A. why B. that C. who 9. She often parks h
28、er car near the house _ she can easily get to. (2017兰州) A. where B. who C. which D. what,B,B,C,10. Opposite my house is _. My ten-year-old son often goes there with his classmates on Saturday. (2017浙江温州) A. a museum that is open on weekdays B. a swimming pool that is designed for adults C. a cinema which sells tickets at a lower price D. a library which will be completed in two years,C,
