1、Lesson04 ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs manual adj.体力的n（=physical adj.身体的,物质的）spiritualnmanual work 体力工作nmental work 脑力工作intellectualnManu-nManuscriptnManufacturenManufacturernGold-collar workerscollar n.衣领nwhite-collar adj.白领阶层的,脑力劳动者（those who do mental work）nblue-collar adj蓝领阶级的,工人阶级的（those who do m
2、anual work）nget hot under the collar 怒气冲天n-He got hot under the collar when he knew that they laughed at him.sacrifice vt.牺牲，献出n（to give up for good purpose）n-sacrifice ones life for the countryn-sacrifice timensacrifice n.牺牲（-make many sacrifices）nSacrifice sth to sb/sthnDo you approve of sacrifici
3、ng comfort to appearance?-高跟鞋nSacrifice sth for sth/sbnA mother will sacrifice her life for her children.nSacrifice sth to do sthnShe sacrificed her career to marry him.nDo B at the price of AnDo B at the cost of AnDo B at the expense of Aprivilege n.好处（=advantage n.优势,有利条件,利益）enjoy special privileg
4、en-sacrifice ones advantage/privilege 牺牲掉某人的好处nprivilege n.特权,特别待遇（=special right）n-give sb the privilege of doing sth 特许某人做某事nprivileged a.荣幸的=honored/pleasedn-We are privileged tonight to have our headmaster as our speaker.dustman n.清洁工nGarbagemannTrashmannGarbagecollectornSanitaryengineer清洁工程师清洁工
5、程师nTrashcann.垃圾桶垃圾桶 ndustbincorporation n.公司nMultinational-corporationnGroupnJoint-venture enterprisenState owned enterprisenTownship enterprisenBBC=the British Broadcasting Corporationoveralls n.工作服 uniformnThe workers are in flameproof overalls.nDoctors usually wear white overalls.nBy requiring al
6、l employees to wear similar overalls,the company hopes to inspire a feeling of team spirit and dedication to the company.By wearing standard uniforms,people have the feeling of being part of a group working towards a common goalthe success of the company.shower n.淋浴nTake a showernHave a bathsecret n
7、.秘密 adj.秘密的,隐秘的nConfidential adj.机密的nkeep a secret 保密n-Its between you and me.此事只介于你我之间。n-Ill keep it to myself.我会保守秘密的。nin secret 私下里（=secretly,in private,privately）-I was told about it in secret.nin the secret 知道内情 -He was in the secret from the beginningstatus n.地位（=social position）nstatue n.雕像,塑
8、像nA high/low status in societynEmployment statusnMarital statusnNone will question his status as a scholar.nImprove ones social statusnPreserve ones social statusTextnThe double life of Alfred BloggsnDouble characternDouble chin 下巴nDouble bednThesedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneyth
9、anpeoplewhonworkinoffices.npeople who do manual work=blue-collar workersnpeople who do mental work=white-collar workers=people who work in offices nfar more money（far副词用来加强语气=much）nThe new method is 20 per cent more efficient than the traditional one.nA little/a bit/slightly/a great deal/a lot/twice
10、/half/nearly/several timesnHe will be back a little later.nThis winter is slightly warmer.nPeoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoaswhite-collarworkersforthesimplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.nrefer to.as=regard.as 把.看作为n-I always refer to him as a bookworm（n.书呆子）nShe was a
11、ffectionately referred to as Little Swallow.燕nfor the simple reason=for 引导的原因状语从句nfor the reason that多用于正式文体，because多用于口语中。n-He is referred to as a book worm for the simple reason that he spare no efforts reading.n-He was send to prison for he could not pay his debts.nSuchishumannature,thatagreatman
12、ypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayforntheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.nhuman nature 人性nsuch.that.（that引导同位语从句,进一步补充说明such的基本内涵）such=so+相关形容词nHe was so kind that we will never forget him.n-His kindness was such that we will never forget him.n=Such was his kindness that（such在句首要倒装）n-
13、nThe weather is so hot that we can only stay in air-conditioned places.n=the weather is such that we can only stay in air-conditioned places.nHe was so angry that he lost control of himself.n=his anger was such that he lost control of himself.n=such was his anger that he lost control of himself.nSuc
14、h is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.n介词for表示一种目的nbe willing to do sth=be ready to do sth 心甘情愿做=be prepared to do sthnThiscangiverisetocurioussituations,asitdidinthecaseofAlfredBloggswhoworkedasnadustmanfortheEllesmereCorporation.ngive rise to=（lead to v.导致,通向）（cause vt.引起,惹起）（
15、result in v.导致）=contribute to=be responsible for=bring aboutn-Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings.这种行为会引起误解。n-The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes.不良的环境引起了犯罪。nin the case of 就.来说,关于,就.而言（=concerning prep.关于,涉及,就.说）n-Stealing is no shame in the case of him.偷窃对他来说不是一件可耻的
16、事。nin case of（副词）万一,以防 （in case conj.万一）=in case+句子=in the event ofn-You should ensure your house in case of fire.（ensure vt.保证;担保,保险）n-Take umbrella in case of rain =in case it rainsnWhenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.ntoo embarrassed to say 太尴尬而没有说明nbe ashamed o
17、f 感到羞愧,惭愧n-Alf was ashamed of his job as a dustman.nmarry 强调动作（-He married the girl.他娶了这个女孩。）nget married 强调过程（-Last year they got married.）nbe married to sb 强调状态（-The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.）nHesimplytoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.nSimply 副词-用来修饰限定动词toldnEverymornin
18、g,helefthomedressedinasmartblacksuit.ndressed in a smart black suit-形容词短语表示一种状态n-He go to work dressed in a beautiful coat.n-He left home wearing a smart black suit.nThe fire is reported controlled.nThe place was discovered deserted.nHethenchangedintooverallsandspentthenexteighthoursasadustman.nchan
19、ged into 换上 /change back into 换回nBeforereturninghomeatnight.Hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.nBefore returning home=Before he returned homenBefore和动名词搭配,相当于Before引导的时间状语从句。n如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语n-After getting home,he had a good rest.n-Before having dinner,he finished all his homework.nAl
20、fdidthisforovertwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthissecret.nAlfswifehasneverdiscoveredthatshemarriedadustmanandsheneverwill,forAlfnhasjustfoundanotherjob.Hewillsoonbeworkinginanoffice.nshe never will=she will never discover the secretn在省略句式中,never要放在助动词之前n-“will you go to see her?”n-“I will never go to
21、 see her=No,I never will.Will be doing将来进行时n1将来某一时间点正在进行的动作n2.较近的将来，已经安排好的事情，给人期待之感nI willbedoing a lot of shopping on-line,because Im away from home.nIf not,everybody will think that somebody else is or willbedoing it.n要不然每个人都会认为这件事有人在做或即将有人做。nI guess after we get our passports we willbedoing a lot
22、 of travelling back and forth from China to England nHewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheusedto,buthefeelsthathisriseinstatusiswellnworththelossofmoney.nhalf as much asnhalf/a quarter/twice/three times+as.as.表示倍数n-I wont marry a man who is twice as old as me.n-We got three times as many people as we ex
23、pected.n-This room is about three times as large as that one.n是.的几倍：.as+形容词或副词原形+as.n比.多几倍：.times+形容词或副词比较级+thann-This road is four times longer than that one.=This road is five times as long as that one.nWhat he obtained is well worth the loss of time.well 副词用来加强语气,修饰形容词worthn“Worth后面只能跟名词或动名词n-His
24、 suggestion is worth considering.n-Hisriseinstatusisworththelossofmoney.nBe worthy of+n be worthy of being donenBe worthy to be donenFromnowon,hewillwearasuitalldayandotherswillcallhimMr.Bloggs,notAlf.Special difficulties 难点难点n两类词汇：n1tell,give等动词可以和双宾语搭配（指物的直接宾语，指人的间接宾语）n-He told a story to me.=He t
25、old me a story.n2explain,say等动词只能代一个(直接)宾语,在间接宾语前要用介词ton-He explain the difficult to me./He said nothing to me.nShe speaks English to her husband and Swedish to her children.n-He admitted his guilt to the police.-Did you suggest this idea to him?n当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时,通常放在间接宾语之后（但say除外）n-I explained to hi
26、m the impossibility of granting his request.n=I explained the impossibility of granting his request to him.n-He confessed to me that he had fallen asleep during the meeting.n=He confessed that he had fallen asleep during the meeting to me.confide vt.,vi.n吐露(心事、秘密等),与to连用n-One evening he came and confided to me that he had spent five years in prison.nThe earth is 49 times as large as the moon.nThe earth is 48 times larger than the moon.nThe earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
