1、 上海牛津版八年级下册同步讲义Unit 6 Travel单词听写 中文 词性 英文 拓展 击败，战胜 v.defeat挨打的defeated 葡萄酒 n.wine 葡萄grape 成年人 n.adult 往国外；海外 adv.aboard 登上v.甲板board 举世闻名的 adj.famous 地标 n.landmark 绿树成荫 n.greenery 名胜， n.scenic spots 使能够， n.enable 农业的 adj.agricultural 农业agriculture 风景优美的 adj.scenic 城堡 n.castle 女王 n.queen 影响 n.influenc
2、e 奶酪 n.cheese 领导者 n.leader 领导v. lead 文化 n.culture 有文化的adj. cultural 音乐会 n.concert 遍及 prep.throughout一、词汇Words1. defeat 击败；战胜The French defeated the English troops. 法国人打败了英国军队。 【指点迷津:defeat, beat 与 win】beat/defeat战败（对手），后接竞争对手e.g. beat the competitor/the country/the team打败对手国家那个队 win赢，获胜 后接事、物（作“赢得”解
3、时，宾语不能接人）。e.g. Li Hong won the first prize in the drawing contest. 在画画比赛中，李红赢得第一名。注： 强调这三个词后面的宾语【扩展1】vt. 使失败,挫败Our hopes were defeated. 我们的希望落空了。【扩展2】n. CU 失败,战败,挫折The aggressors were doomed to defeat. 侵略者注定要失败。2. now that 既然；由于You ought to have a good rest now that youve finished the work. 既然已完成了工作
4、,你就应该好好休息一下。注：now that 既然；由于=since 3. abroad 在国外；到国外My son is still living abroad. 我的儿子仍住在国外。 注：【扩展1】adv. 在外面;到外面They usually walk abroad in warm days. 在暖和天气他们通常去户外散步。 【扩展2】n. (用在from后)异国,海外U他们刚从国外回来。They just returned from abroad. 在讲解时要强调学生注意词性近义：overseas adv. 海外e.g. He usually goes overseas to wor
5、k for a long time every year. 他每年常常去海外工作很长时间。4. destination 目的地；终点We reached our destination, tired and hungry. 到达目的地时,我们又累又饿。 注：【扩展 】n. 目标,目的The destination of her study is medicine. 她打算学医。可以将这种表达用在写作中The destination of her study is5. attraction 有吸引力的事或物The elephants were the chief attraction at th
6、e circus.过去侦探小说对我特别有吸引力。Detective novels used to hold a special attraction for me. 注：【扩展1】n. 引力UThe attraction of the moon for the earth causes the tides. 月亮对地球的引力引起潮汐。【扩展2】attract vt. 吸;吸引A magnet attracts both iron and steel. 磁铁吸铁也吸钢。 那个花园城市吸引许多游客。The garden city attracts many tourists. 引起.的注意(或兴趣
7、等);引诱Jim was attracted to the Italian girl. 吉姆对那位意大利女孩产生了好感。【扩展3】attractive adj. 有吸引力的成绩好的学生应该比较熟悉该词的词性转换， 引导学生思考并回答，待学生不能回答时再讲解。6. enable 使能够；使有机会The program will enable a large increase in student numbers. 这一计划能使学生人数大量增加。培训将使你找到工作。Training will enable you to find work. 注：扩展enable sb. to do sth. ab
8、le adj 有能力的 be able to do sth. ability n. 能力 7. excellent 极好的，优秀的Of course she is an excellent doctor. 当然她是位杰出的医生。He is excellent in mathematics. 他的数学非常好。 注：【扩展】 excel vt. 胜过,优于(+in/at)She excels the rest of the class in English. 她的英文在班上胜过任何同学。 vi. 突出;胜过他人(+in/at) 他擅长打排球。He excels at volleyball. 指导学
9、生在写作中灵活运用词汇 an excellent teacher/ friend 8. scenic 风景优美的Lets take the scenic route, along the coast. 让我们沿着海岸,走一条风景秀丽的路。批注：【扩展1】scenery n. 风景, 背景, 布景The scenery was beautiful beyond description. 那风景美丽得难以形容。【扩展2】scene n. 景色,景象;(舞台)布景CWhat a fantastic mountain scene! 多么迷人的山景! (事件发生的)地点,现场;(戏剧等的)背景the S
10、(+of)The scene of this play is set in Ireland. 这出戏的场景是在爱尔兰。 罪犯逃离了现场。The criminal fled the scene. 扩展时根据学生的实际水平进行讲解，可以适当的删减9. influence 影响【常用搭配】have a good/bad influence on/uponThe influence of climate on crops is self-evident. 气候对农作物的影响是不证自明的。 注：【扩展1】n. 影响力;势力,权势U(+over/with)Mr. Smith is a man of inf
11、luence in this town. 史密斯先生是这个镇上有权势的人物。 【扩展2】vt. 影响,感化;左右 I dont want to influence you. You must decide for yourself. 我不想影响你。你必须自行决定。强调该词也是兼类词，在做题时要注意词性 10. further 继续；使进一步He did his best to further the interests of his state. 他尽力(或倾全力)去增进他的州的利益。注：【扩展1】adj. 另外的;进一步的;深一层的Do you need further help? 你还需要
12、帮忙吗? 关于这件事我们还需进一步讨论。We need have a further discussion about/on/over this matter.【扩展2】adv. 进一步地;深一层地We will help you further. 我们会进一步帮助你的。 而且;另外;再者The house is not big enough for us; and further, it is too far from the town. 在讲解过程中可以引导学生思考：far-farther-farthest far-further-furthest 的区别然后再总结：far-farther
13、-farthest 指距离 far-further-furthest 指程度11. used to do sth. 过去常常做指点迷津：used to do sth. , be used to do sth. 与be used to doing sth (1) used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事，而现在这件事情可能已经不再继续了。e.g. My father used to smoke a lot until the doctor told him there was a lung problem with him. 我爸爸过去吸烟很厉害，直到医生告诉他，他的肺部出了问题。(2
14、) be used to do sth. 是被动语态，表示“被用来做什么”的意思。e.g. Plastic can be used to make all kinds of things. 塑料可以被用来制成各种各样的东西。(3) be used to doing sth. 表示“习惯于，适应于”的意思。e.g.The Smiths are used to living in Shanghai now. 史密斯一家已经习惯住在上海了。注：这三个结构非常容易混淆，先提问学生，然后再讲解12. go on to do sth. 继续去做（另一件事）e.g. After he finished hi
15、s homework, he went on to read China Daily. 他完成作业后，接着读英文版中国日报。注：【知识拓展】 go on doing something继续做某事（与原来相同的事）e.g. He relaxed for a while and went on writing the report. （注意：继续做同一件事）他休息了一下后继续写报告。二、重要句型Important Sentences structures 1. Now that winter is behind us, many people are starting to think about
16、 going abroad for the summer holidays. 由于冬天已经过去，很多人都开始考虑暑假出国旅游的事了。分析：now that =since, 引导原因状语从句。既然你已经知道了，那我就不多说了。Now that you have already known it, I will say no more.注： 讲解：abroad与aboard的区别 （注意拼写）go abroad出国 go aboard上车，上船，上飞机2. This year, why not spread your wings and visit France? 今年，为何不远行去法国看看呢？分
17、析1：why not通常用于提出建议，后直接跟动词原形。为什么不去参加Tom的派对呢？ Why not attend Toms party? 注1：提问类似表示建议的句型还有什么：让学生先思考What about How about Shall wee.g. What about/How about going swimming with me tomorrow? 明天和我去游泳怎么样？ Shall we go to the Summer Palace? 我们去颐和园怎么样？注2： 根据学生的实际水平选择性的扩展，要强调spread- spread- spread（过去式，过去分词同型）句中的
18、spread your wings意为“展开翅膀”，是拟物的用法，spread的用法如下：spread vt. 使伸展,使延伸I spread my arms as far apart as I could. 我尽可能地将双臂伸展开。 张开;展开;摊开Mom spread a new table-cloth on the table. 妈妈在桌上铺了一块新桌布。 3. With its world-famous landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower and the Arc de Triomphe, and its wide, tree-lined street,
19、 Paris is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.拥有埃菲尔铁塔和凯旋门这样驰名于世的地标性建筑，以及绿树成荫的宽阔街道，巴黎不愧是世界上最美丽的城市之一。分析：with (表带有或拥有)有的，持有，随身带着。I have no money with me. 我没有带钱。He is a man with a hot temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。我们买了一座带花园的房子。We bought a house with a garden. 中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国。China is a very large country
20、with a long history. 注：让学生尝试翻译上面的句子讲解with 在句中有“就远原则”eg: He with his friends play football every Sunday. 提问学生其他遵循这一原则的词，待学生回答后补充或总结： as well as, besides, except4. In our city, we can see the influence of France in some ways. 我们城市中也可以看到在某些方面受到法国的影响。分析：influence 影响，in some ways 在某些方面。His parents no lon
21、ger have any real influence over him. 他的父母对他不再有任何真正的约束力了。在某些方面你是对的。In some ways you are right. 注：在补充前，先提问学生是否记得有关way的短语，然后再讲解或总结补充 in some (many) ways在一些（许多）方面 by the way顺便问一下 on the way在路上 in the way 挡道，妨碍人的e.g. Peter is like his father in some ways. 彼得在某些方面像他的父亲。 On the way to hospital, I saw your
22、 father waiting at the bus stop. 我在去医院的路上，看见你的父亲正在公交站等车。 By the way, could you please tell me if you are free tonight? 顺便问一下，你能告诉我今天晚上你有空吗？ Seeing a dog in the way, the little girl was frightened. 看见一只狗挡着道，这个小女孩害怕了。5. A lot of young students from different countries go to France to further their stu
23、dies.很多来自不同国家的青年学生去法国深造。分析：further ones study深造，further education进修, 深造。毕业后我打算去美国深造。I plan to further my study after graduation.注：结合前面词汇中对further的讲解，让学生回忆刚才讲过的用法随堂小练 I.Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.1.(France) and German are widely used in Europe.2. My parents and I pl
24、an to go abroad for the winter (holiday).3. These ways will(able) you to study Chinese well in the future.4. Children like to go the Disney Park in Hong Kong because it offers many of the same (attract) as the one in Japan.5. Thousands of(tour) come to Shanghai to visit the Expo this month.6. In the
25、 past, Jiangsu was an important (agriculture) region in China.【答案】1.French 2. holidays 3. enable 4. attractions 5. tourists 6. agricultural II.Choose the right word to complete the sentence.1. Sue was born(in /at) London, but she didnt grow up there.2. Do you know which country is the leader(to /in)
26、 industry(工业)?3.(On /In) some ways, this book was useful when I studied at university.4. Paris is a wonderful place to go(for / on) a holiday.【答案】1.in 2. in 3. In 4. for III. Read and choose the best answer.()1. After he traveled New Zealand, he went on Australia.A. to visit B. visitingC. visitedD.
27、visit【答案】A【解析】go on to do sth继续去做另一件事，go on doing 继续去做同一件事，因为去的地方不同，所以用to do选A.()2. Shanghai used to be a small village, ?A. doesnt it B. didnt it C. did itD. didnt they【答案】B【解析】used to do反义疑问句为didnt或者usednt,根据选项可知选B.()3. Now, many women really like brands LV, Coach and so on.A. such asB. for exampl
28、eC. is likeD. the same as【答案】A【解析】such as例如放在句中，可知符合题意选A.()4.everyones here, lets begin our discussion.A. ThoughB. AfterC. BeforeD. Now that【答案】D【解析】Now that=since表示既然，既然每一个都到了，我们开始讨论。IV. Rewrite the sentences as required.1. He spreads his wings and visits Japan. (改为一般疑问句) hehis wings and visit Japa
29、n?2. Euro Disney is an hour away from the centre of Paris. (就划线部分提问) _ _ is Euro Disney from the centre of Paris?3. Shall we go to visit the Expo this weekend? (保持原句意思) _ _ going to visit the Expo this weekend?【答案】 1. Does; spread 2. How far 3. What about / How about 阅读提高 【主题阅读1】 While good grades a
30、nd test scores are the basic requirements for getting into college, after-school activities are becoming more important in the college selection process in the US. As entrance into college has become more difficult, colleges have looked more at what skills you have. Taking part in after-school activ
31、ities is great way to succeed in school.High School ClubsMost high schools offer a lot of clubs and activities, so it is easy to find something that you are interesting in. Colleges look for students who will also be active other than test scores.There are many clubs in school, such as the drama clu
32、b and a book club. You may even be able to find relates to a future job, such as Teachers of America.High School SportsIf you want to go to college and want to take part in sports at a college level, then this fact just might give you a chance. Its generally a good idea to focus on one single sport.
33、 If you play on sports opening college doors and leading to college scholarships, it would be better if you decide which sport to do. In this way, you will have enough time to build their skills.High School PublicationsAnother smart way to be active in high school and show colleges that you are inte
34、rested in activities more than academics is to be a part of their schools newspaper or magazine. There may be an actual class you can join or you may join a club. Being in high school publications can be very helpful, particularly if you want to major in English or in education in college.() 1. Now
35、in the US, colleges have focused more on the students _during the selection process. A. good grades B. family background C. skills D. scholarships【答案】C【解析】根据colleges have looked more at what skills you have. 可知答案为C() 2. After-school activities include all of the following except_.A. joining a club B
36、. doing a part-time job C. working on schools newspaper or magazine D. taking part in sports【答案】B【解析】根据after-school activities给到的三个副标题中没有出现做兼职的选项，可知答案为B() 3. Joining a club may help students_.A. improve their English B. get higher scores in subjects C. make more good friends D. know more about their
37、 future jobs【答案】D【解析】根据You may even be able to find relates to a future job可知答案为D() 4. This passage is probably written for _ to read.A. teachers B. students C. parents D. headmasters【参考答案】B【解析】根据文章中给的具体方案都是给学生的建议，可知答案为B() 5. We can learn from the passage that_.A. the US colleges prefer to have stud
38、ents who study very hard B. you must take actual classes to be part of schools newspaperC. being good at sports is considered important in the US college selection D. you can easily find a suitable club to join in every high school in the US【答案】C【解析】根据副标题，以上的三个建议都是培养学生技能的建议，因此可知答案为C() 6. Which of th
39、e following students will get useful information from this passage?A. Sarah is thinking about starting her own business after graduationB. Ann likes writing and she would like to choose English as her major in collegeC. Leon is interesting in acting and he wants to join the schools drama clubD. Chri
40、s has difficulty in getting along with the other members on the basketball team【答案】B【解析】根据这三种课后活动中并未提及how to start a business, drama club, how to get along with others的建议，可知答案为B【主题阅读2】 Each year, thousands of Chinese middle school students go to study in foreign countries such as the US, the UK, Aus
41、tralia and Japan. Chinese children hope very much to go_1_to get a wider view (视野) of the world, said Chen Yi, a Chinese writer who has lived in America for 16 years. Zhang Jia, a 16-year-old student began to study in a high school in Sydney, Australia last October. To his surprise, his teachers the
42、reseldom_2_ students to study. And _3_ there wasnt homework. With these education systems (体制), we have more_4_time and more space for thinking, said Zhang. In a talk Chen told more than 300 parents and their children that life in foreign countries can be _5_for young people. They have to meet a cul
43、ture shock and language problems. However, these are not the most difficult things. To most children, looking after themselves when studying alone in a foreign country is a big_6_. Studying abroad at a young age can help students learn foreign language_7_and broaden (拓宽) their minds, but students an
44、d parents should know about the challenges, Chen said. ( ) 1. A. foreign B. abroad C. home D. school( ) 2. A. push B. pull C. pushed D. pulled( ) 3.A. usually B. yet C. just D. never( ) 4.A. busy B. safe C. boring D. free( ) 5. A. easy B. interesting C. hard D. simple( ) 6.A. difficult B. challenge C. difference D. change( ) 7.A. happily
