1、Passage 1(2019河池, D) The World Health Organization(世界卫生组织) says air pollution kills seven million people around the world each year. Even if polluted air does not kill us, it can make us very sick. However, breathing dirty air may do more than hurt your body. It can also affect (影响) your brain and y
2、our abil- ity to think. A new study shows that air pollution can cause a“huge” reduction(减少)in our intelligence(智力).The re- searchers reported that long-term exposure(暴露) to air pollution can affect a persons mental(智力的) abilities in two areas:language and math. Xi Chen, the researcher of the Yale S
3、chool of Public Health led the study. He and his team found that breathing polluted air can reduce a persons education level by about one year.,A组 20152019年广西中考题组,Chen said that the effect(结果) generally is worse for those over 64 years of age,for men and for those with little or no education. “The o
4、lder personsthey are more affected. And we find, quite interestingly,men are more affected than wom- en. And people working outdoors are more affected than people working indoors.” The researchers noted that the effect of pollution on language ability is even more serious as people age, espe- cially
5、 among men and the less educated. Why were language skills more affected than math? There are two main kinds of tissue(组织)in the brain:white matter and grey matter.White matter is more connected with a persons language skills, while grey matter is connected to our ability to solve math problems. Stu
6、dies have shown that air pollution has a great effect on the white matter in the brain, but not the grey matter. Chen said that air pollution did affect the math skills, just not as much as their language skills.,1.Air pollution causes million people to die around the world each year. A.one B.two C.
7、seven D.sixty-four 2.Which is not true according to the passage? A.Breathing dirty air may hurt your body. B.Breathing dirty air can affect your brain. C.Breathing dirty air can affect your ability to think. D.Breathing dirty air can make your immune system(免疫系统) strong. 3.The effect of breathing po
8、lluted air generally is worse for those people except . A.men B.women C.those with little or no education D.those over 64 years of age,4.In the sixth paragraph, “people working outdoors” probably refers to(指的是)“ ”. A.the researchers B.people with little or no education C.people from the World Health
9、 Organization D.people from the Yale School of Public Health 5.Air pollution affected the language skills math skills. A.as much as B.as little as C.more than D.less than,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。介绍了环境污染对人们的影响。呼吁大家保护环境。 1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The World Health Organization(世界卫生组织) says air pollution kills seven m
10、illion people around the world each year.可知,每年全世界有700万人死于空气污染。故选C。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段可知,呼吸污浊的空气不仅会伤害你的身体,还会影响你的大脑和思考能 力。故选D。 3.B 细节理解题。根据第五段可知,呼吸被污染的空气的结果通常对64岁以上的人、男性和没有受过多 少教育的人来说更糟。故选B。 4.B 推理判断题。根据第五段及第六段中的And people working outdoors are more affected than people working indoors.可知,结果通常对64岁以上的人、男性和
11、受教育程度较低或不受教育的人来说效果更差。 并且在户外工作的人比在室内工作的人受影响更大。所以说的是受教育程度低或不受教育的人。故 选B。 5.C 细节理解题。根据第八段第一句Why were language skills more affected than math?可知,空气污染对 人的语言能力影响更大。故选C。,Passage 2(2019北部湾经济区,B) AI(人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Lets see the amazing AI.,1.The fact about Apolong is that . A.there is
12、 a driver in it B.the door is opened by the passenger C.there are 24 seats in it D.it stops every time it sees a stop light 2.Xiaoice CANT . A.go out to play with you B.talk with you if you feel lonely C.be your friend D.sing, write poems or tell stories 3.The painting is . A.a work painted by Vince
13、nt van Gogh B.worth about 3,000,000 yuan at an auction,C.studied by three French artists over 15,000 times D.among the most beautiful paintings in the world 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Xiaoice is a 17-year-old girl. B.The AI anchor can only speak English. C.The AI an
14、chor can work 24 hours without mistakes. D.The AI artist is one of the most popular artists in China. 5.We can probably see the passage in . A.a guidebook B.a notice C.a novel D.a newspaper,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人工智能的运用。 1.D 细节理解题。题干意为:关于Apolong的事实是 。根据文中第一个框中的“Wait, where is the driver? Here is a new
15、 kind of driverless bus called Apolong.”及“It stops every time it sees a stop light.”可 知,Apolong实际上是一辆无人驾驶的汽车,它每次看到红灯都停下来。故本题选D。 2.A 细节理解题。题干意为:Xiaoice不能 。根据文中第二个方框中“If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. Im good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!”可知,Xiaoice可以
16、和 你聊天,可以唱歌、写诗、讲故事及成为你的朋友,但是不能陪你出去玩。故本题选A。 3.B 细节理解题。题干意为:这幅画是 。根据文中第四个方框中第一段的第三句“But it is not a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh.”可知,这幅画不是像梵高这样有名的画家画的,故A选 项不正确;根据该部分第二段可知C、D两项不正确;根据该部分第一段第二句话“It sold for about 3,000,000 yuan!”可知,这幅画在拍卖会上的拍卖价格是大约三百万元,故B选项符合题意。,4.C 细节理解题。题干意为:根据文章内容
17、下列哪一项是正确的?根据文章中第三个方框第二段的第三句 “It can work 24 hours without any mistakes.”可知,它可以24小时工作,而且不犯错误。故C选项符合题 意。 5.D 推理判断题。题干意为:我们可能在 看到这篇文章。根据全文内容可知,文章描述的是人工智 能在生活中的运用,这样的文章我们不会在旅游指南、通知或小说中看到。因此,只有D选项正确。 长难句 It can seat 14 people and doesnt need a driver. 它可以坐14人,而且不需要司机。 seat用作名词时,意为“座位”,但在这个句子中,seat用作动词,意为
18、“能容纳人”。,Passage 3(2019百色,B) There are some easy things you can do to protect the earth: Plant flowers, grass or trees. Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you take there. Keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin(垃圾桶). Turn off the lights and TV set when you leave the ro
19、om. This can save a lot of electricity. Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper. Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away. Give your old clothe
20、s to poor children you know instead of throwing them away. Use both sides of paper. Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby. Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth.,You dont have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Ea
21、rth Day. If everyone makes a con- tribution(贡献) to protecting the environment, the earth will become much more beautiful. 1.The writer tells us . A.to throw rubbish into a dustbin B.to save water by letting it run while brushing our teeth C.to throw our old clothes away D.to pour dirty water into th
22、e rivers 2.We can not to save paper. A.use both sides of paper B.give old books to a library C.use a paper cup D.pick up waste paper at school 3.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the writer?,A.Plant flowers, grass or trees. B.Turn off the lights when you leave the room. C.Give your old
23、 clothes to the poor children. D.We have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. 4.From the above, we know that this passage is . A.a letter B.a novel C.a proposal(倡议书) D.an advertisement 5.Whats the best title for the passage? A.Save Water and Electricity B.Protect the Earth C.Make Better Use o
24、f Old Things D.Save Money,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了保护地球的一些简单的方法,提醒人们不能只在地球 日的时候才重视保护地球,而是应该一直坚持。 1.A 细节理解题。根据文中的Keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.可知, 把垃圾放到袋子 里,最后将它放进垃圾桶。故选A。 2.C 细节理解题。根据文中的Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.可知,我们 可以使用玻璃杯代替纸杯来节省纸
25、张。所以使用纸杯的方法不能节省纸张。故选C。 3.D 推理判断题。根据文中的You dont have to wait until Earth Day to do these things.Make every day Earth Day.可知,你不必等到地球日才做这些事情,要让每一天都成为地球日。故选D。 4.C 推理判断题。根据文章开头的There are some easy things you can do to protect the earth可知本文是一 份倡议书。故选C。 5.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要是讲述如何保护地球和环境。故选B。,Passage 4(2019
26、北部湾经济区,C) One day, a man saw an old lady sitting inside her car at the side of the road. Though it was dark, he could see she needed help. So he stopped his car and walked towards her. The old lady was worried, even though she noticed the smile on his face. Was he going to hurt her? “Ill help you st
27、art your car, madam. By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson,”he said. While Anderson was fitting a spare tire(备胎)to her car, the lady began to talk to him. She thanked him much for coming to help. Anderson just smiled as he put his tools away. The lady asked how much she should pay him. He told her t
28、hat if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give them the help they needed. He waited until she started her car and drove off. A few miles down the road, the lady saw a small restaurant. She went in and a waitress came over with a sweet smile. T
29、he old lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant(怀孕的),but she never let the pains and aches change her smile when she served her.,The lady finished her meal and paid with a hundred-dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change, but the old lady was gone when the waitress came
30、 back. The waitress wondered where the lady could be. Then she found there was a note on the napkin(餐巾), “You dont need to give me anything back. Somebody once helped me out the way Im helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you dodo not let this chain(链子)of love end with you.”
31、Under the napkin were four more $100 bills. 1.Why did Anderson tell his name to the old lady? A.Because he wanted to check if the lady knew him. B.Because he hoped that may help relax the lady. C.Because he thought he could be paid back one day. D.Because he wanted to leave his name for doing good t
32、hings. 2.What does the underlined word they refer to(指的是)? A.The old lady and Anderson.,B.The people who need help. C.The old lady and the waitress. D.The people who help others. 3.Which is the right order of the old ladys feelings? Thankful Happy Worried Helpless Willing and ready to help A. B. C.
33、D. 4.What can be inferred(推断)from the passage? A.The meal cost the old lady 400 dollars. B.Anderson must be helped by someone before. C.The old lady was able to fit a spare tire herself. D.The waitress will probably help someone later.,5.Whats the best title for the passage? A.The Help of Strangers
34、B.The Power of Smile C.The Chain of Love D.The Bill of Kindness,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。一个老妇人在自己最无助的时候,获得了别人不求回报的帮助, 同时她自己也将这样的爱心传递给了怀孕的女服务员,并希望女服务员将这种爱心的传递坚持下去。 1.B 推理判断题。根据文中第一段中的“The old lady was worried, even though she noticed the smile on his face. Was he going to hurt her?”可知,老妇人看到安德森靠近,非常紧张,所以安德森把自
35、己的名字告诉 她,想让她不要紧张。故本题选B。 2.B 词义猜测题。根据文中第三段第三句话“He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give them the help they needed.”可知,这名男子希望这位 老妇人下次看到需要帮助的人时向“他们”提供帮助,因此“they”指的是“需要帮助的人”。故本题选 B。 3.A 细节理解题。根据文中的内容可知,一开始,老妇人遇到困难,所以她非常“无助”,排除C、
36、D两项。 后来,这名男子主动提出帮忙,老妇人“担忧”他是坏人,因此排除B选项。故A选项符合题意。 4.D 推理判断题。根据文中第五段中的“You dont need to give me anything back. Somebody once helped me out the way Im helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you dodo not let this chain of,love end with you.”可知,最后老妇人给这名女服务员留言说:“你不需要回报我。因为曾经有人像我帮助 你一
37、样帮助了我。如果你真的要报答我,这就是你应该做的不要让这条爱之链条在你这里结束”。由 此可以推断出,将来,这名女服务员很可能会帮助别人。故本题选D。 5.C 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,文章记叙的是一位老妇人在自己最无助的时候,得到了别人不求回 报的帮助,同时她也将这样的爱心传递给了怀孕的女服务员,并希望女服务员将这种爱的传递坚持下去。 因此,文章的最好标题是C。,Passage 5(2019北部湾经济区,D) Are you afraid of going to the dentist(牙医)? If so, youre not alone. These fears could just
38、be in our heads, however. According to a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a professor at the University of Manchester in the UK, the pain isnt felt most of the time in dental surgeries(牙科手术). In fact, among the 451 interviewed patients, 75% reported no pain at all during their visits, including situa
39、tions when they had their teeth pulled out. Could it be the sound of the drill(钻头)then? “I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they dont have any pain,”Hiroyuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, told The Guardian. To find the rea
40、son why a drill might bring on a racing heart, Karibe divided the volunteers into low-fear and high -fear groups based on how much they feared a trip to the dentist. Volunteers were played the sound of a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine. What Karibe found in the low-fear
41、group was increased activity in the areas of the brain relative to auditory pro-,cessing(听觉处理), which means, for these people, the sound of dental drills is no different from other sounds. In the high-fear group, however, the brain area that was activated(激活)was different. It was the area that carri
42、es out a number of duties, including learning, feelings and, most importantly, memory. This means that these volun- teers not only heard the sound, but they remembered itthey made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return. Understan
43、ding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed, according to Karibe, because patients who worry about going to the dentist might keep putting off their visits. But the best way is to keep your teeth healthy. 1.How does the writer
44、explain that the pain isnt felt most of the time in dental surgeries? A.By showing facts with numbers. B.By asking questions one by one. C.By giving examples group by group. D.By comparing results of patients.,2.According to the fourth paragraph, what does the word “evoke” mean in Chinese? A.减轻 B.引起
45、 C.显示 D.阻止 3.How did the sound of drilling produce different results to the volunteers in the study? A.It produced some worry in the volunteers in the low-fear group. B.For the low-fear group, it activated the brain area dealing with learning, feelings and memory. C.For the high-fear group, it cause
46、d more activities in the brain area relative to auditory processing. D.It made people in the high-fear group remember their past uncomfortable memories. 4.What is the last paragraph mainly about? A.How the study might be useful. B.Some new ways to treat teeth. C.The proper way to treat dental patien
47、ts. D.The importance of keeping our teeth healthy.,5.Whats the purpose of the passage? A.To show us different areas of fear in brains. B.To introduce us a recent survey by a scientist. C.To help us have less fear of a trip to the dentist. D.To make it clear that the sound of drilling is not terrible
48、.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们找到了部分人群害怕看牙医的原因,主要分析 了钻头的声音在不同的人身上的反应,从而找到减轻人们看牙医的顾虑的方法,告诉人们,看牙不疼,遇到牙 科问题应尽快就医。 1.A 推理判断题。题干意为:作者是如何解释在牙科手术中,疼痛并不是大多数时候都能被感觉到的?根 据文中第二段的最后一句“In fact, among the 451 interviewed patients, 75% reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had th
49、eir teeth pulled out.”可知,作者是通过这一组数字告诉我们 他的这个观点的。故本题选A。 2.B 词义猜测题。题干意为:根据文章第四段,“evoke”一词的中文意思是什么?根据文中第四段中的“I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they dont have any pain”可 知,作者认为,是钻孔的声音“引起”了牙科病人的担心,而事实上并不疼。其他选项的意思都不合适。故 本题选B。 3.D 细节理解题。题干意为:在研究中,钻孔的声音是如何对志愿者们产生不同的结果的?根据文中倒数 第二段的内容可知,在“high-fear”组,大脑带有“学习、情感、记忆”等功能的这部分被激活,这就意味,着这些志愿者们不仅听到了声音,而且记住了声音,他们把这种钻头的声音与过去产生的担忧联系起来,导 致了“害怕”的反射。故D选项符合题意。 4.A 主旨大意题。题干意为:文章的最后一段主要是关于什么?根据文中最后一段的内容可知,
